Editing Catherine the Great (section)

=== Potemkin ===
[[File:1000 Potiomkin.jpg|thumb|upright=.8|Catherine II and Prince [[Grigory Potemkin]] on the [[Millennium of Russia|Millennium Monument]] in [[Veliky Novgorod|Novgorod]]]]
Grigory Potemkin was involved in the palace coup of 1762. In 1772, Catherine's close friends informed her of Orlov's affairs with other women, and she dismissed him. By the winter of 1773, the Pugachev revolt had started to threaten. Catherine's son Paul had started gaining support; both of these trends threatened her power. She called Potemkin for help—mostly military—and he became devoted to her.

In 1772, Catherine wrote to Potemkin. Days earlier, she had found out about an uprising in the Volga region. She appointed General [[Aleksandr Bibikov]] to put down the uprising, but she needed Potemkin's advice on military strategy. Potemkin quickly gained positions and awards. Russian poets wrote about his virtues, the court praised him, foreign ambassadors fought for his favour, and his family moved into the palace. He later became the de facto absolute ruler of New Russia, governing its colonisation.

In 1780, Emperor [[Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor|Joseph II]], the son of Holy Roman Empress Maria Theresa, toyed with the idea of determining whether or not to enter an alliance with Russia, and asked to meet Catherine. Potemkin had the task of briefing him and travelling with him to Saint Petersburg. Potemkin also convinced Catherine to expand the universities in Russia to increase the number of scientists.

Catherine was worried that Potemkin's poor health would delay his important work in colonising and developing the south as he had planned. He died at the age of 52 in 1791.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Duran |first=James A. |date=1969 |title=Catherine II, Potemkin, and Colonization Policy in Southern Russia |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/126983 |journal=The Russian Review |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=23–36 |doi=10.2307/126983 |jstor=126983 |access-date=5 August 2020 |archive-date=17 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220817234309/https://www.jstor.org/stable/126983 |url-status=live }}</ref>