Editing Cancer (section)

=== Recommendations ===

==== U.S. Preventive Services Task Force ====
The [[U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]] (USPSTF) issues recommendations for various cancers:
* Strongly recommends [[cervical cancer]] screening in women who are [[sexually active]] and have a [[cervix]] at least until the age of 65.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspscerv.htm |title=Screening for Cervical Cancer |year=2003 |website=[[U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223103447/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspscerv.htm |archive-date=23 December 2010|access-date=21 December 2010 }}</ref>
* Recommend that Americans be screened for [[colorectal cancer]] via [[fecal occult blood]] testing, [[sigmoidoscopy]], or [[colonoscopy]] starting at age 50 until age 75.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspscolo.htm |title=Screening for Colorectal Cancer |year=2008 |website=[[U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207110937/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspscolo.htm |archive-date=7 February 2015|access-date=21 December 2010 }}</ref>
* Evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against screening for [[skin cancer]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsskca.htm |title=Screening for Skin Cancer |year=2009 |website=[[U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108054103/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsskca.htm |archive-date=8 January 2011|access-date=21 December 2010 }}</ref> [[oral cancer]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsoral.htm |title=Screening for Oral Cancer |year=2004 |website=[[U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101024144627/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsoral.htm |archive-date=24 October 2010|access-date=21 December 2010 }}</ref> lung cancer,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspslung.htm |title=Lung Cancer Screening |year=2004 |website=[[U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101104055403/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspslung.htm |archive-date=4 November 2010|access-date=21 December 2010 }}</ref> or [[prostate cancer]] in men under 75.<ref name="USPSTFPr08">{{cite web |url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsprca.htm |title=Screening for Prostate Cancer |year=2008 |website=[[U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101231105229/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsprca.htm |archive-date=31 December 2010|access-date=21 December 2010 }}</ref>
* Routine screening is not recommended for [[bladder cancer]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsblad.htm |title=Screening for Bladder Cancer |year=2004 |website=[[U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100823053849/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsblad.htm |archive-date=23 August 2010|access-date=21 December 2010 }}</ref> [[testicular cancer]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspstest.htm |title=Screening for Testicular Cancer |year=2004 |website=[[U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]] |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160515181437/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspstest.htm |archive-date=15 May 2016|access-date=21 December 2010 }}</ref> [[ovarian cancer]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsovar.htm |title=Screening for Ovarian Cancer |year=2004 |website=[[U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101023221553/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsovar.htm |archive-date=23 October 2010|access-date=21 December 2010 }}</ref> [[pancreatic cancer]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspspanc.htm |title=Screening for Pancreatic Cancer |year=2004 |website=[[U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101121030321/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspspanc.htm |archive-date=21 November 2010|access-date=21 December 2010 }}</ref> or [[prostate cancer]].<ref name="USPSTF-20111007">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chou R, Croswell JM, Dana T, Bougatsos C, Blazina I, Fu R, Gleitsmann K, Koenig HC, Lam C, Maltz A, Rugge JB, Lin K | title = Screening for prostate cancer: a review of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force | journal = Annals of Internal Medicine | volume = 155 | issue = 11 | pages = 762–71 | date = December 2011 | pmid = 21984740 | doi = 10.7326/0003-4819-155-11-201112060-00375 | publisher = [[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]| doi-access = free}}</ref>
* Recommends [[mammography]] for breast cancer screening every two years from ages 50–74, but does not recommend either [[breast self-examination]] or [[Breast cancer screening|clinical breast examination]].<ref name="USPSTFBr09">{{cite web |url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsbrca.htm |title=Screening for Breast Cancer |year=2009 |website=[[U.S. Preventive Services Task Force]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130102015424/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsbrca.htm |archive-date=2 January 2013|access-date=21 December 2010 }}</ref> A 2013 [[Cochrane review]] concluded that breast cancer screening by mammography had no effect in reducing mortality because of overdiagnosis and overtreatment.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gøtzsche PC, Jørgensen KJ | title = Screening for breast cancer with mammography | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | issue = 6 | pages = CD001877 | date = June 2013 | volume = 2013 | pmid = 23737396 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD001877.pub5 | pmc = 6464778 }}</ref>

==== Japan ====
Screens for [[gastric cancer]] using [[photofluorography]] due to the high incidence there.<ref name=Epi11/>