Editing Bosnia and Herzegovina (section)

==Infrastructure==

===Transport===
{{Main|Transport in Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
[[File:Sarajevo Airport 1 2024.jpg|thumb|[[Sarajevo International Airport]]]]

[[Sarajevo International Airport]], also known as Butmir Airport, is the main [[international airport]] in Bosnia and Herzegovina, located {{convert|3.3|NM|abbr=on|lk=in}} southwest of the [[Sarajevo main railway station]]<ref name="AIP">{{cite web|url=http://www.ead.eurocontrol.int/publicuser/protect/pu/main.jsp|title=EAD Basic – Error Page|work=eurocontrol.int|access-date=12 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140823135326/http://www.ead.eurocontrol.int/publicuser/protect/pu/main.jsp|archive-date=23 August 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> in the city of [[Sarajevo]] in the suburb of [[Butmir]].

Railway operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina are successors of the [[Yugoslav Railways]] within the country boundaries following independence from the [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|former Yugoslavia]] in 1992. Today, they are operated by the [[Railways of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina]] (ŽFBiH) in the [[Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina]] and by [[Republika Srpska Railways]] (ŽRS) in [[Republika Srpska]].

===Telecommunications===
{{Main|Telecommunications in Bosnia and Herzegovina}}

The Bosnian communications market was fully [[Economic liberalization|liberalised]] in January 2006. The three [[landline]] telephone operators predominantly provide services in their operating areas but have nationwide licenses for domestic and international calls. Mobile data services are also available, including high-speed [[Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution|EDGE]], [[3G]] and [[4G]] services.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.businesswire.com/portal/site/google/?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20081008005553&newsLang=en |title=Bosnia–Herzegovina&nbsp;– Telecoms Market Overview & Statistics Report Covers the Regulatory Environment, Major Players and Market Developments |publisher=Businesswire.com |date=8 October 2008 |access-date=3 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090504100531/http://www.businesswire.com/portal/site/google/?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20081008005553&newsLang=en |archive-date=4 May 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref>

''[[Oslobođenje]]'' (Liberation), founded in 1943, is one of the country's longest running continuously circulating newspapers. There are many national publications, including the ''[[Dnevni avaz]]'' (Daily Voice), founded in 1995, and ''Jutarnje Novine'' (Morning News), to name but a few in circulation in Sarajevo.<ref>Udovicic, Radenko (3 May 2002). [http://www.mediaonline.ba/en/?ID=211 What is Happening with the Oldest Bosnian-Herzegovinian Daily: Oslobođenje to be sold for 4.7 Million Marks] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227181119/http://www.mediaonline.ba/en/?ID=211 |date=27 February 2012 }} Mediaonline.ba: Southeast European Media Journal.</ref> Other local periodicals include the Croatian ''[[Hrvatska riječ]]'' newspaper and Bosnian ''[[Start (Bosnian magazine)|Start]]'' magazine, as well as ''Slobodna Bosna'' (''Free Bosnia'') and ''BH Dani'' (''BH Days'') weekly newspapers. ''[[Novi Plamen]]'', a monthly magazine, was the most left-wing publication. International news station [[Al Jazeera Media Network|Al Jazeera]] maintains a [[sister channel]] catering to the [[Balkans|Balkan]] region, [[Al Jazeera Balkans]], broadcasting out of and based in Sarajevo.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/nov/11/al-jazeera-launches-balkans-broadcast |title=Al Jazeera Launches Its Balkans Broadcast Centre |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London |date=11 November 2011 |access-date=14 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126071520/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/nov/11/al-jazeera-launches-balkans-broadcast |archive-date=26 January 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Since 2014, the [[N1 (TV channel)|N1 platform]] has broadcast as an affiliate of [[CNN International]], with offices in Sarajevo, [[Zagreb]] and [[Belgrade]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Vučićević|first1=Bojan|title=Growing Influence of Global Media in Balkans|url=http://www.media.ba/en/mediametar/growing-influence-global-media-balkans|website=Media Center Sarajevo|date=14 July 2016|access-date=22 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423033253/http://www.media.ba/en/mediametar/growing-influence-global-media-balkans|archive-date=23 April 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

As of 2021, Bosnia and Herzegovina ranked second highest in [[freedom of the press|press freedom]] in the region, after [[Croatia]], and is placed 58th internationally.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://rsf.org/en/ranking/2021 |title=2021 Press Freedom Index |publisher=Reporters Without Borders |access-date=8 June 2021 |archive-date=20 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211220051930/https://rsf.org/en/ranking/2021 |url-status=live }}</ref>

{{as of|2021|December}}, there are 3,374,094 internet users in the country, or 95.55% of the entire population.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://bljesak.info/sci-tech/internet/stopa-koristenosti-interneta-u-bih-za-2021-godinu-9555/389512 | title=Stopa korištenosti interneta u BiH za 2021. Godinu 95,55% }}</ref>

===Education===
{{Main|Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
[[File:Sarajevo University building.JPG|thumb|The [[University of Sarajevo]]'s [[Faculty of Law, University of Sarajevo|Faculty of Law]]]]
[[File:Mostar gimnasium.jpg|thumb|[[Gimnazija Mostar]] in [[Mostar]] ]]

Primary schooling lasts for nine years. Secondary education is provided by general and technical secondary schools (typically [[Gymnasium (school)|Gymnasiums]]) where studies typically last for four years. All forms of secondary schooling include an element of [[vocational education|vocational training]]. Pupils graduating from general secondary schools obtain the ''[[Matura]]'' and can enroll in any tertiary educational institution or academy by passing a qualification examination prescribed by the governing body or institution. Students graduating technical subjects obtain a [[Diploma]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.euroeducation.net/prof/boherco.htm |title=Education System in Bosnia and Herzegovina |website=EuroEducation.net – The European Education Directory |access-date=18 July 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215095037/http://www.euroeducation.net/prof/boherco.htm |archive-date=15 February 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The first bespoke higher-education institution was a school of [[Sufism|Sufi]] philosophy established by [[Gazi Husrev Bey|Gazi Husrev-beg]] in 1531. Numerous other religious schools then followed. In 1887, under the [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian Empire]], a [[Sharia]] law school began a five-year program.<ref>[http://www.sarajevo.ba/en/stream.php?kat=145 University of Sarajevo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910081056/http://www.sarajevo.ba/en/stream.php?kat=145 |date=10 September 2015 }} on Sarajevo official web site</ref>

In the 1940s, the [[University of Sarajevo]] became the city's first secular higher education institute. In the 1950s, post-baccalaurate graduate degrees became available.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://unsa.ba/eng/ouni.php |publisher=University of Sarajevo |title=About University |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204110445/http://www.unsa.ba/eng/ouni.php |archive-date=4 December 2008}}</ref> Severely damaged during the [[Bosnian War|war]], it was recently rebuilt in partnership with more than 40 other universities. There are various other institutions of higher education, including: [[University Džemal Bijedić of Mostar]], [[University of Banja Luka]], [[University of Mostar]], [[University of East Sarajevo]], [[University of Tuzla]], [[American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina]] and the [[Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina]].

Also, Bosnia and Herzegovina is home to several private and international higher education institutions, some of which are:
*[[Sarajevo School of Science and Technology]]
*[[International University of Sarajevo]]
*[[American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
*[[Sarajevo Graduate School of Business]]
*[[International Burch University]]
*[[United World College in Mostar]]