Editing Bitumen (section)

=== Alternatives and bioasphalt ===
{{Main|Peak oil|Global warming|Bioasphalt}}
Although uncompetitive economically, bitumen can be made from nonpetroleum-based renewable resources such as sugar, [[molasses]] and rice, corn and potato [[starch]]es. Bitumen can also be made from waste material by [[fractional distillation]] of used [[motor oil]], which is sometimes otherwise disposed of by burning or dumping into landfills. Use of motor oil may cause premature cracking in colder climates, resulting in roads that need to be repaved more frequently.<ref>{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1080/10298436.2010.488729| issn = 1029-8436| volume = 11| issue = 6| pages = 541–553| last = Hesp| first = Simon A.M.|author2=Herbert F. Shurvell| title = X-ray fluorescence detection of waste engine oil residue in bitumen and its effect on cracking in service| journal = International Journal of Pavement Engineering| year = 2010| s2cid = 138499155}}</ref>

Nonpetroleum-based asphalt binders can be made light-colored. Lighter-colored roads absorb less heat from solar radiation, reducing their contribution to the [[urban heat island]] effect.<ref>[http://www.epa.gov/heatisland/ Heat Island Effect]. From the website of the US Environmental Protection Agency.</ref> Parking lots that use bitumen alternatives are called [[green parking lot]]s.