Editing Berber languages (section)

==Influence on other languages==
The Berber languages have influenced local [[Arabic]] dialects in the Maghreb. Although [[Maghrebi Arabic]] has a predominantly [[Semitic languages|Semitic]] and [[Arabic]] vocabulary,<ref name="Abdou Elimam2">{{cite book |last1=Elimam |first1=Abdou |url=http://gerflint.fr/Base/Tunisie1/elimam.pdf |title=Du Punique au Maghribi :Trajectoires d'une langue sémito-méditerranéenne |publisher=Synergies Tunisie |year=2009 |access-date=30 May 2023 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171009/http://gerflint.fr/Base/Tunisie1/elimam.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> it contains a few Berber loanwords which represent 2–3% of the vocabulary of [[Libyan Arabic]], 8–9% of [[Algerian Arabic]] and [[Tunisian Arabic]], and 10–15% of [[Moroccan Arabic]].<ref name=":022">{{Cite book |last=Wexler |first=Paul |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YJpdiPiG2g4C&pg=PA174 |title=The Non-Jewish Origins of the Sephardic Jews |date=2012-02-01 |publisher=State University of New York Press |isbn=978-1-4384-2393-7 |pages=174 |language=en |quote=Zavadovskij gives statistics for the percentage of Berber words in North African Muslim Arabic dialects: 10–15 percent Berber components in the Moroccan Arabic lexicon, 8–9 percent in Algerian and Tunisian Arabic, and only 2–3 percent in Libyan Arabic. |access-date=25 June 2023 |archive-date=26 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326164800/https://books.google.com/books?id=YJpdiPiG2g4C&pg=PA174 |url-status=live }}</ref> Their influence is also seen in some languages in West Africa. F. W. H. Migeod pointed to strong resemblances between Berber and [[Hausa language|Hausa]] in such words and phrases as these:

{| {{table}}
! Berber
! Hausa
! gloss
|-
| {{lang|ber|obanis}} || {{lang|ha|obansa}} || his father
|-
| {{lang|ber|a bat}} || {{lang|ha|ya bata}} || he was lost
|-
| {{lang|ber|eghare}} || {{lang|ha|ya kirra}} || he called
|}

In addition he notes that the [[Genitive case|genitive]] in both languages is formed with '''n''' = "of" (though likely a common inheritance from Proto-Afro-Asiatic; cf. A.Eg genitive ''n'').<ref>Migeod, F. W. H., ''The Languages of West Africa''. Kegan, Paul, Trench & Trübner, London 1913. pages 232, 233.</ref>