Editing Australian Capital Territory (section)

== Infrastructure ==

=== Health ===
[[File:Canberra_Hospital.jpg|thumb|The [[Canberra Hospital]].]]
The territory has two large public hospitals both located in Canberra: the approximately 600-bed [[Canberra Hospital]] in [[Garran, Australian Capital Territory|Garran]] and the 174-bed Calvary Public Hospital in [[Bruce, Australian Capital Territory|Bruce]]. Both are teaching institutions.<ref name="hos">{{cite web |url=http://www.health.act.gov.au/c/health?a=da&did=10134232&pid=1147829186 |title=Hospitals |publisher=ACT Health |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326232807/http://www.health.act.gov.au/c/health?a=da&did=10134232&pid=1147829186 |archive-date=26 March 2011 |access-date=23 April 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://health.act.gov.au/c/health?a=da&did=10209377 |title=Canberra Hospital |publisher=ACT Health |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100716143522/http://www.health.act.gov.au/c/health?a=da&did=10209377 |archive-date=16 July 2010 |url-status=dead |access-date=23 April 2010 |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="calvary-act1">{{cite web |url=http://www.calvary-act.com.au/contact.html |title=Contact Us & Location Map |publisher=Calvary Health Care ACT |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100323231918/http://www.calvary-act.com.au/contact.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=23 March 2010 |access-date=23 April 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.calvary-act.com.au/public.html |title=Public Hospital |publisher=Calvary Health Care ACT |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080718171953/http://www.calvary-act.com.au/public.html |archive-date=18 July 2008 |access-date=23 April 2010}}</ref> The largest private hospital is the Calvary John James Hospital in [[Deakin, Australian Capital Territory|Deakin]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.canberratimes.com.au/news/local/news/general/chemo-crisis-to-hit-act-patients/1241514.aspx |title=Chemo crisis to hit ACT patients |last=Cronin |first=Fiona |date=12 August 2008 |work=[[The Canberra Times]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113075559/http://www.canberratimes.com.au/news/local/news/general/chemo-crisis-to-hit-act-patients/1241514.aspx |archive-date=13 November 2011 |access-date=23 April 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.calvaryjohnjames.com.au/ |title=Welcome to Calvary John James Hospital |publisher=Calvary John James Hospital |access-date=23 April 2010}}</ref> Calvary Private Hospital in Bruce and [[Healthscope]]'s National Capital Private Hospital in Garran are also major healthcare providers.<ref name="hos" /><ref name="calvary-act1" />

The territory has 10 aged care facilities. Territory hospitals receive emergency cases from throughout southern New South Wales,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://health.act.gov.au/c/health?a=da&did=10063975&pid=1082945856 |title=About Emergency |publisher=ACT Government Health Information |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091011135135/http://www.health.act.gov.au/c/health?a=da&did=10063975&pid=1082945856 |archive-date=11 October 2009 |url-status=dead |access-date=23 April 2010 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> and [[ACT Ambulance Service]] is one of four operational agencies of the [[ACT Emergency Services Authority]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.act.gov.au/ESAWebsite/content_esa/about_us/about_us_home_page/about_us.html |title=About Us |publisher=[[ACT Emergency Services Authority]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110822171255/http://www.esa.act.gov.au/ESAWebsite/content_esa/about_us/about_us_home_page/about_us.html |archive-date=22 August 2011 |access-date=23 April 2010}}</ref> [[Newborn Emergency Transport Service|NETS]] provides a dedicated ambulance service for inter-hospital transport of sick newborns within the ACT and into surrounding New South Wales.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nets.org.au/main/what.htm |title=What is NETS? |publisher=[[Newborn Emergency Transport Service]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223110451/http://www.nets.org.au/main/what.htm |archive-date=23 December 2007 |access-date=23 April 2010}}</ref>

=== Transport ===
[[File:Tuggeranong_Parkway.jpg|right|thumb|Aerial view of Tuggeranong Parkway, a major highway which links Canberra's city centre with [[Tuggeranong]].]]
[[File:New_terminal_building_at_Canberra_Airport_cropped2.jpg|right|thumb|[[Canberra Airport]] terminal]]
[[File:Canberra Railway Station.jpg|thumb|[[Canberra railway station]]]]
[[File:BUS877-04.jpg|thumb|[[ACTION]] [[Ansair]] bodied [[Renault PR100]].2]]
The automobile is by far the dominant form of transport in the territory.<ref name="road">{{cite web |url=http://www.aph.gov.au/house/committee/ncet/natcapauth/report/chapter9.pdf |title=Canberra's transport system |publisher=[[Parliament of Australia]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207011010/http://www.aph.gov.au/house/committee/ncet/natcapauth/report/chapter9.pdf |archive-date=7 February 2012 |access-date=23 April 2010}}</ref> The city is laid out so that arterial roads connecting inhabited clusters run through undeveloped areas of open land or forest, which results in a low population density;{{sfn|Penguin Books Australia|2000|pp=23–25}} this also means that idle land is available for the development of future transport corridors if necessary without the need to build tunnels or acquire developed residential land. In contrast, other capital cities in Australia have substantially less green space.{{sfn|Penguin Books Australia|2000|pp=3–6, 32–35, 53–59, 74–77, 90–91, 101–104}}

[[Suburbs of Canberra]] are generally connected by [[parkway]]s—limited access [[dual carriageway]] roads<ref name="road" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.justice.act.gov.au/page/view/3063/title/act-road-hierarchy |title=ACT Road Hierarchy |date=21 August 2012 |publisher=ACT Government |access-date=14 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222033051/http://www.justice.act.gov.au/page/view/3063/title/act-road-hierarchy |archive-date=22 February 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> with speed limits generally set at a maximum of {{cvt|100|km/h|0}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chiefminister.act.gov.au/media.php?v=5787&s=29 |title=Survey shows speeding at disputed camera site |date=17 July 2007 |publisher=[[Australian Capital Territory Chief Minister's Department|Chief Minister's Department]] |access-date=23 April 2010 |archive-date=28 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928013134/http://www.chiefminister.act.gov.au/media.php?v=5787&s=29 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.afp.gov.au/act/road_traffic/speeding.html |title=Speeding |date=20 May 2008 |publisher=[[Australian Federal Police]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091112054723/http://www.afp.gov.au/act/road_traffic/speeding.html |archive-date=12 November 2009 |access-date=23 April 2010}}</ref> An example is the [[Tuggeranong Parkway]] which links Canberra's CBD and Tuggeranong, and bypasses Weston Creek.{{sfn|Universal Publishers|2007|pp=57, 67, 77}} In most districts, discrete residential suburbs are bounded by main arterial roads with only a few residential linking in, to deter non-local traffic from cutting through areas of housing.{{sfn|Universal Publishers|2007|pp=1–100}}

[[ACTION]], the government-operated bus service, provides public transport route services in the territory.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.action.act.gov.au/About_ACTION/corporate |title=Corporate |publisher=ACTION |access-date=25 February 2014 |archive-date=5 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140205171504/https://www.action.act.gov.au/About_ACTION/corporate |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[CDC Canberra]] provides bus services between the territory and nearby areas of New South Wales ([[Murrumbateman]] and [[Yass, New South Wales|Yass]])<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.transborder.com.au/index.php/about-us-bottom |title=About Us |publisher=[[Transborder Express]] |access-date=23 June 2017}}</ref> and as Qcity Transit ([[Queanbeyan]]).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://qcitytransit.com.au/about-us |title=About Us |publisher=[[Qcity Transit]] |access-date=23 June 2017}}</ref> A [[Light rail in Canberra|light rail line]] that opened in April 2019 links the CBD with the northern district of [[Gungahlin]]. At the 2016 census, 7.1% of the journeys to work involved public transport while 4.5% were on foot.<ref name="Census2016">{{Census 2016 AUS|id=UCL802001|name=Canberra – Queanbeyan (Canberra Part) |access-date=29 October 2017|quick=on}}</ref>

There are two local taxi companies. [[Aerial Consolidated Transport|Aerial Capital Group]] enjoyed monopoly status until the arrival of Cabxpress in 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/02/03/1839551.htm |title=Taxi company 'not concerned' at losing monopoly |date=3 February 2007 |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110218043332/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/02/03/1839551.htm |archive-date=18 February 2011}}</ref> In October 2015, the territory government passed legislation to regulate ride sharing, allowing ride share services including [[Uber]] to operate legally in the territory.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-10-30/uber-launches-in-canberra/6898514 |title=Uber launches in ACT as Canberra becomes first city to regulate ride sharing |date=31 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151101065334/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-10-30/uber-launches-in-canberra/6898514 |archive-date=1 November 2015 |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Commission}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/uber-goes-live-in-canberra-with-more-than-a-hundred-drivers-registered-20151030-gkmqaa.html |title=Uber goes live in Canberra with more than 100 drivers registered |last=McIlroy |first=Tom |date=30 October 2015 |newspaper=The Canberra Times |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105033829/http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/uber-goes-live-in-canberra-with-more-than-a-hundred-drivers-registered-20151030-gkmqaa.html |archive-date=5 November 2015 |publisher=Fairfax Media}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/oct/30/act-chief-minister-launches-uber-in-canberra-calling-it-a-real-step-forward |title=ACT chief minister launches regulated Uber in Canberra, calling it 'a real step forward' |date=30 October 2015 |newspaper=The Guardian |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151103153733/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/oct/30/act-chief-minister-launches-uber-in-canberra-calling-it-a-real-step-forward |archive-date=3 November 2015}}</ref> The territory government was the first jurisdiction in Australia to enact legislation to regulate the service.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.afr.com/technology/fullyregulated-uber-services-start-in-canberra-20151029-gkmgko |title=Fully-regulated Uber services start in Canberra |date=30 October 2015 |newspaper=Australian Financial Review |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151030134534/http://www.afr.com/technology/fullyregulated-uber-services-start-in-canberra-20151029-gkmgko |archive-date=30 October 2015 |publisher=Fairfax Media}}</ref>

An interstate [[NSW TrainLink]] railway service connects Canberra to Sydney.<ref name="traindestinations">{{Cite New South Wales transport timetables|Southern Region}}</ref> [[Canberra railway station|Canberra's railway station]] is in the inner south suburb of [[Kingston, Australian Capital Territory|Kingston]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.countrylink.info/travel_passes/travelpass_agencies |title=Travel pass agencies |date=14 December 2009 |publisher=[[CountryLink]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220052328/http://www.countrylink.info/travel_passes/travelpass_agencies |archive-date=20 February 2011 |access-date=23 April 2010}}</ref> Train services to Melbourne are provided by way of a NSW TrainLink bus service which connects with a rail service between Sydney and Melbourne in Yass, about a one-hour drive from Canberra.<ref name="traindestinations" />{{sfn|Penguin Books Australia|2000|pp=20}}

Canberra is about three hours by road from Sydney on the [[Federal Highway, Australia|Federal Highway]] (National Highway 23),{{sfn|Penguin Books Australia|2000|loc=inside cover}} which connects with the [[Hume Highway]] (National Highway 31) near [[Goulburn]], and seven hours by road from Melbourne on the [[Barton Highway]] (National Highway 25), which joins the Hume Highway at Yass.{{sfn|Penguin Books Australia|2000|loc=inside cover}} It is a two-hour drive on the [[Monaro Highway]] (National Highway 23) to the ski fields of the [[Snowy Mountains]] and the [[Kosciuszko National Park]].{{sfn|Penguin Books Australia|2000|pp=20}} [[Batemans Bay]], a popular holiday spot on the New South Wales coast, is also two hours away via the [[Kings Highway, Australia|Kings Highway]].{{sfn|Penguin Books Australia|2000|pp=20}}

[[Canberra Airport]] provides direct domestic services to [[Sydney]], [[Melbourne]], [[Brisbane]], [[Adelaide]], [[Gold Coast, Queensland|Gold Coast]], [[Hobart]] and [[Perth]], with connections to other domestic centres.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.canberraairport.com.au/air_flight_info/departures.cfm |title=Departures |publisher=[[Canberra Airport]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902105846/http://www.canberraairport.com.au/air_flight_info/departures.cfm |archive-date=2 September 2012 |access-date=13 May 2010}}</ref> There are also direct flights to regional cities: [[Dubbo]] and [[Newcastle, New South Wales|Newcastle]] in New South Wales. Regular direct international flights operate to Singapore and [[Doha]] from the airport daily, but both with a stopover in Sydney before Canberra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Singapore Airlines brings first class to Canberra on daily flights |url=https://www.executivetraveller.com/singapore-airlines-brings-first-class-to-canberra-on-daily-flights |website=Executive Traveller |date=24 January 2018 |language=en |access-date=2020-04-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Qatar Airways joins Singapore Airlines in growing Canberra international market – ABC News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-02-13/qatar-airways-join-singapore-airlines-in-canberra-international/9442554 |date=13 February 2018 |website=abc.net.au |language=en-AU |access-date=2020-04-30}}</ref> Canberra Airport is, as of September 2013, designated by the [[Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development|Australian Government Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development]] as a restricted use designated international airport.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/aviation/international/icao/desig_airports.aspx |title=Designated International Airports in Australia |date=27 February 2013 |publisher=Australian Government Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510090836/http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/aviation/international/icao/desig_airports.aspx |archive-date=10 May 2013}}</ref> Until 2003, the civilian airport shared runways with [[Fairbairn airbase|RAAF Base Fairbairn]]. In June of that year, the Air Force base was decommissioned and from that time the airport was fully under civilian control.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Hogan |first=Richard |date=July 2003 |title=Farewell to Fairbairn |publisher=Royal Australian Air Force |volume=45 |issue=12 |journal=Air Force}}</ref>

=== Utilities ===
{{See also|Energy in the Australian Capital Territory}}
[[File:Mount_Majura_solar_farm_and_Majura_Parkway.jpg|right|thumb|The [[Mount Majura Solar Farm]] has a rated output of 2.3 megawatts and was opened on 6 October 2016.<ref name="Solar Choice">{{cite web |url=http://www.solarchoice.net.au/blog/news/mount-majura-solar-farm-switches-on-101016 |title=Mount Majura Solar Farm powers up in ACT |date=11 October 2016 |publisher=Solar Choice |access-date=6 January 2016}}</ref>]]
The government-owned [[Icon Water]], formerly ACTEW, manages the territory's water and sewerage infrastructure.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.actew.com.au/About/Who-are-we/What-we-do.aspx |title=What we do |publisher=[[Icon Water|ACTEW]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403000353/http://www.actew.com.au/About/Who-are-we/What-we-do.aspx |archive-date=3 April 2015 |url-status=dead |access-date=22 March 2015 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[ActewAGL]] is a joint venture between Icon and [[Australian Gas Light Company|AGL]] and is a retail provider of territory utility services including water, natural gas, electricity, and also some telecommunications services via a subsidiary [[TransACT]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.actewagl.com.au/About-us/Who-is-ActewAGL.aspx |title=About our business |publisher=[[ActewAGL]] |access-date=25 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140125215038/http://www.actewagl.com.au/About-us/Who-is-ActewAGL.aspx |archive-date=25 January 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

The territory's water reservoirs are the Corin, Bendora and Cotter dams on the [[Cotter River]] and the Googong Dam on the Queanbeyan River. Although the Googong Dam is located in New South Wales, it is managed by the territory government.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.actew.com.au/Water-Supply-System/The-water-network.aspx |title=The Water Network |publisher=[[ActewAGL]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150328102934/http://www.actew.com.au/Water-Supply-System/The-water-network.aspx |archive-date=28 March 2015 |url-status=dead |access-date=22 March 2015 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Icon Water owns the territory's two wastewater treatment plants, located at [[Fyshwick]] and on the lower reaches of the [[Molonglo River]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.actew.com.au/Sewerage-System/What-is-sewage/Sewage-Treatment-Plants/Fyshwick-Sewage-Treament-Plant.aspx |title=Fyshwick Sewage Treatment Plant |publisher=[[ActewAGL]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150312003432/http://www.actew.com.au/Sewerage-System/What-is-sewage/Sewage-Treatment-Plants/Fyshwick-Sewage-Treament-Plant.aspx |archive-date=12 March 2015 |url-status=dead |access-date=22 March 2015 |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.actew.com.au/Sewerage-System/What-is-sewage/Sewage-Treatment-Plants/Lower-Molonglo-Water-Quality-Control-Centre.aspx |title=Lower Molonglo Water Quality Control Centre |publisher=ActewAGL |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150312003423/http://www.actew.com.au/Sewerage-System/What-is-sewage/Sewage-Treatment-Plants/Lower-Molonglo-Water-Quality-Control-Centre.aspx |archive-date=12 March 2015 |url-status=dead |access-date=22 March 2015 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

[[Energy in the Australian Capital Territory|Electricity for the territory]] mainly comes from the national power grid through substations at [[Holt, Australian Capital Territory|Holt]] and [[Fyshwick]] (via [[Queanbeyan]]).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.icrc.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/16792/issuespaperelecinfcontestabilityoctober03.pdf |title=Review of Contestable Electricity Infrastructure Workshop |author=Independent Competition and Regulatory Commission |date=October 2003 |page=13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420202136/http://www.icrc.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/16792/issuespaperelecinfcontestabilityoctober03.pdf |archive-date=20 April 2013 |access-date=10 May 2010}}</ref> Power was first supplied from a thermal plant built in 1913, near the Molonglo River, but this was finally closed in 1957.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15404837 |title=The Founding of Canberra |date=14 March 1913 |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140218035413/http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/15404837 |archive-date=18 February 2014 |url-status=live |page=5}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://client14.matrix01.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/148426/473.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://client14.matrix01.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/148426/473.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |title=20048. Kingston Powerhouse Historic Precinct (Entry to the ACT Heritage Register) |publisher=ACT Heritage Council |access-date=11 October 2014}}</ref> The ACT has four solar farms, which were opened between 2014 and 2017: [[Royalla Solar Farm|Royalla]] (rated output of 20 megawatts, 2014),<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.cmd.act.gov.au/open_government/inform/act_government_media_releases/corbell/2014/australias-largest-solar-farm-opens-in-the-act |title=Australia's largest solar farm opens in the ACT |publisher=[[ACT Government]] |date=3 September 2014 |access-date=11 October 2014 |archive-date=19 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019062424/http://www.cmd.act.gov.au/open_government/inform/act_government_media_releases/corbell/2014/australias-largest-solar-farm-opens-in-the-act |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Mount Majura Solar Farm|Mount Majura]] (2.3 MW, 2016),<ref name="Solar Choice" /> [[Mugga Lane Solar Park|Mugga Lane]] (13 MW, 2017)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/mugga-lane-solar-farm-opens-bringing-act-to-35-per-cent-renewable-energy-20170302-gup673.html |title=Mugga Lane solar farm opens, bringing ACT to 35 per cent renewable energy |date=2 March 2017 |newspaper=The Canberra Times |access-date=1 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302110650/http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/mugga-lane-solar-farm-opens-bringing-act-to-35-per-cent-renewable-energy-20170302-gup673.html |archive-date=2 March 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Williamsdale Solar Farm|Williamsdale]] (11 MW, 2017).<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/government-unveils-36000-new-solar-panels-at-williamsdale-20171004-gyu8z8.html |title=Government unveils 36,000 new solar panels at Williamsdale |date=5 October 2017 |newspaper=The Canberra Times |access-date=1 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129172410/http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/government-unveils-36000-new-solar-panels-at-williamsdale-20171004-gyu8z8.html |archive-date=29 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> In addition numerous houses in Canberra have photovoltaic panels or solar hot water systems. In 2015 and 2016, rooftop solar systems supported by the territory government's feed-in tariff had a capacity of 26.3 megawatts, producing 34,910 MWh. In the same year, retailer-supported schemes had a capacity of 25.2 megawatts and exported 28,815 MWh to the grid (power consumed locally was not recorded).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.environment.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/1021129/2016-15-Annual-FiT-Report-Access.pdf |title=2015–16 Annual Feed-in Tariff Report |publisher=ACT Government |page=7 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170309143807/https://www.environment.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/1021129/2016-15-Annual-FiT-Report-Access.pdf |archive-date=9 March 2017 |url-status=dead |access-date=8 December 2017}}</ref>

The territory has the highest rate with internet access at home (94&nbsp;per&nbsp;cent of households in 2014–15).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/8146.02014-15?OpenDocument |title=8146.0 – Household Use of Information Technology, Australia, 2014–15 |date=18 February 2016 |publisher=[[Australian Bureau of Statistics]] |access-date=4 January 2017}}</ref>