Editing Vienna (section)

== Culture ==
=== Classical music, theater, and opera ===
{{See also|Music of Vienna|Music of Austria}}
[[File:Wien - Burgtheater.JPG|thumb|The [[Burgtheater]] on the Ring]]
Vienna has a long-standing tradition of art and culture, encompassing theater, opera, classical music, and fine arts. The [[Burgtheater]] is considered one of the premier theaters in the German-speaking world alongside its branch, the [[Akademietheater]]. The [[Volkstheater, Vienna|Volkstheater]] and the [[Theater in der Josefstadt]] also enjoy good reputations. There is also a multitude of smaller theaters, in many cases devoted to less mainstream forms of the performing arts, such as modern or experimental plays, as well as [[cabaret]].

The city is also home to a number of opera houses, including the [[Theater an der Wien]], the [[Vienna State Opera|Staatsoper]] and the [[Vienna Volksoper|Volksoper]], the latter being devoted to the typical Viennese [[operetta]].[[File:Vienna - Johann Strauss Monument in Stadt Park - 4572.jpg|thumb|A monument of [[Johann Strauss II]] in the [[Stadtpark, Vienna|Stadtpark]].]]Vienna has long been a hub for classical music, nurturing both native composers and musicians who moved there to work. Notable composers born in Vienna include [[Franz Schubert]], [[Arnold Schoenberg]], [[Alban Berg]], [[Anton Webern]], [[Joseph Lanner]], [[Johann Strauss I]], and [[Johann Strauss II]]. Violinist [[Fritz Kreisler]] and electronic music pioneer [[Louie Austen]] also hail from the city.

Many influential composers relocated to Vienna, including [[Joseph Haydn]], [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]], [[Ludwig van Beethoven]], [[Johannes Brahms]], [[Franz Liszt]], [[Gustav Mahler]], [[Anton Bruckner]], and [[Antonio Salieri]]. The city also hosted premieres of operas such as ''[[Fidelio]], [[Die Fledermaus]], [[The Gypsy Baron]], [[The Magic Flute]]'', and ''[[The Marriage of Figaro]]''.

Vienna continues to be a center for classical performances, with venues like the [[Musikverein|Wiener Musikverein]], home of the [[Vienna Philharmonic|Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra]], famous for its [[Vienna New Year's Concert|annual New Year's Concert]], and the [[Konzerthaus, Vienna|Wiener Konzerthaus]], headquarters of the [[Vienna Symphony|Vienna Symphony Orchestra]]. Many concerts cater to tourists, featuring music by Mozart and the Strauss family.

Up until 2005, the Theater an der Wien hosted premieres of musicals, but since 2006 (a year dedicated to the 250th anniversary of Mozart's birth), has devoted itself to opera again, becoming a stagione opera house offering one new production each month. Since 2012, Theater an der Wien has taken over the Wiener Kammeroper, a historical small theater in the first district of Vienna seating 300 spectators, turning it into its second venue for smaller-sized productions and chamber operas created by the young ensemble of Theater an der Wien (JET). Before 2005, the most successful musical was ''[[Elisabeth (musical)|Elisabeth]]'', which was later translated into several languages and performed around the world. The [[Wiener Taschenoper]] is dedicated to stage music of the 20th and 21st century. The [[Haus der Musik]] museum ("House of Music") opened in 2000.

Founded in 1963 and located in [[Josefstadt]], the [[Vienna's English Theatre|Vienna’s English Theatre]] (VET) is the oldest English-language theater in continental Europe
[[File:Wien - Mozartdenkmal (1).JPG|thumb|The [[Mozart Monument, Vienna|Mozart Monument]] in the Burggarten.]]

=== Popular music ===
Vienna has made significant contributions to [[pop music]], with pioneers of [[Austropop]] such as [[Georg Danzer]], [[Rainhard Fendrich]], [[Wolfgang Ambros]], and [[Peter Cornelius (singer-songwriter)|Peter Cornelius]]. [[Willi Resetarits]] lived in the city from the age of three. The internationally best-known Viennese artist was [[Falco (musician)|Falco]], whose song ”[[Rock Me Amadeus]]” is the only German-language song to reach [[Lists of Billboard number-one singles|number 1]] on the [[Billboard Hot 100|American Billboard Hot 100]], which it held for three weeks in [[List of Billboard Hot 100 number ones of 1986|1986]]. His other hits, such as “[[Der Kommissar (song)|Der Kommissar]]” and “[[Jeanny (song)|Jeanny]]” also charted internationally. The founder of the American [[jazz fusion]] band [[Weather Report]] and [[Miles Davis]] [[Bitches Brew|collaborator]], [[Joe Zawinul]], was born in Vienna and studied music at the [[University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna|Conservatory of Vienna]]. [[File:Vienna 2007-04-16 Stadthalle Georg Danzer und Freunde (A3).jpg|thumb|Rainhard Fendrich, Georg Danzer, and Wolfgang Ambros (L-R) performing in the [[Wiener Stadthalle|Stadthalle]] in 2007.]]Current artists include [[Rapping|Rapper]] [[RAF Camora]], who grew up in the district of [[Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus]] and often emphasizes his ties to his home in his lyrics, as well as [[Hip hop music|hip-hop-musician]] [[Yung Hurn]] and [[Independent music|indie pop band]] [[Wanda (band)|Wanda]].

Multiple popular songs have been written about Vienna, such as [[Vienna (Billy Joel song)|"Vienna" (1977)]] by [[Billy Joel]], [[Vienna (Ultravox song)|"Vienna" (1981)]] by [[Ultravox]], and "[[Vienna Calling]]" by [[Falco (musician)|Falco]].

The [[Wienerlied]] is a unique song genre from Vienna. They are sung in [[Viennese German|Viennese dialect]] and often center around the city. There are approximately 60,000 – 70,000 Wienerlieder.

Every year the Donauinsel stages the ''[[Donauinselfest]]'', the largest open-air music festival in the world, with approximately 3 million attendees over three days.<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 July 2018 |title=Music festivals: What's the world's biggest? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-44697302 |access-date=18 March 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=21 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921205721/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-44697302 |url-status=live }}</ref> The festival is organized by the [[SPÖ Vienna|SPÖ Wien]] and is free to enter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Willkommen |url=https://donauinselfest.at/willkommen/ |access-date=18 March 2024 |website=Donauinselfest 2023 vom 23. – 25. Juni 2023 |language=de |archive-date=30 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930055720/https://donauinselfest.at/willkommen/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Jazz Fest Wien|Vienna Jazz Festival]] has taken place almost every year since 1991 and has featured artists such as [[Nina Simone]], [[Miles Davis]], [[Dizzy Gillespie]], and [[Ravi Shankar]].

=== Cinema ===
[[File:Burg Kino Vienna.jpg|thumb|The entrance to the Burg Kino on the Ring.]]
Films set in Vienna include [[Amadeus (film)|''Amadeus'']], ''[[Before Sunrise]]'', ''[[The Third Man]]'', ''[[The Living Daylights]]'' and ''[[Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation]].''

Notable actors born in the city include [[Hedy Lamarr]], [[Christoph Waltz]], [[Christiane Hörbiger]], [[Eric Pohlmann]], [[Boris Kodjoe]], [[Christine Buchegger]], [[Senta Berger]], and [[Christine Ostermayer]]. Many filmmakers, such as [[Michael Haneke]] and [[Fritz Lang]], were born in Vienna. [[Billy Wilder]] and [[Otto Preminger]] also lived in the city, with Preminger studying and beginning his career there.

Vienna's cinemas include the Apollo Kino and ''[[Cineplexx Cinemas|Cineplexx Donauzentrum]]'' and many [[English (language)|English language]] cinemas, including the Haydn Kino, Artis International and the Burg Kino, which screens ''[[The Third Man]]'', a 1949 film set in Vienna, three times a week.

Every October since 1960 the city has staged the [[Vienna International Film Festival|Viennale]], an international film festival which screens several different [[Film genre|genres of films]] and many [[premiere]]s.

=== Literature ===
Notable writers from Vienna include [[Carl Julius Haidvogel]], [[Karl Leopold von Möller|Franz Grillparzer]], and [[Stefan Zweig]].

Writers who lived and worked in Vienna include [[Ingeborg Bachmann]], [[Thomas Bernhard]], [[Elias Canetti]], [[Ernst von Feuchtersleben]], [[Elfriede Jelinek]], [[Franz Kafka]], [[Robert Musil|Karl Kraus]], [[Robert Musil]], [[Arthur Schnitzler]], and [[Bertha von Suttner]].

=== Science ===
[[File:Sigmund-Freud-Denkmal, MedUni Wien.jpg|thumb|A monument to Sigmund Freud at the Medical University of Vienna.]]
Scientists and intellectuals who were born, lived or worked in Vienna include:

* [[Biology]]: [[Konrad Lorenz]], [[Karl von Frisch]], [[Max Perutz]]
* [[Computer science|Computer Science]]: [[Heinz Zemanek]]
* [[Chemistry]]: [[Karl Kordesch]], [[Walter Kohn]], [[Carl Ferdinand Cori|Carl]] and [[Gerty Cori|Gerti Cori]], [[Richard Kuhn]]
* Economics [[Austrian school of economics|(Austrian School of Economics]]): [[Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk|Eugen Böhm von Bawerk]], [[Ludwig von Mises]], [[Friedrich Hayek]], [[Rudolf Hilferding]]
* Engineering: [[Viktor Kaplan]], [[Robert Adler]], [[Paul Eisler]], [[Siegfried Marcus]]
* [[Jurisprudence]]: [[Hans Kelsen]], [[Karl Renner]]
* Mathematics: [[Kurt Gödel]]
* Medicine: [[Ignaz Semmelweis]], [[Ferdinand Ritter von Hebra|Ferdinand von Hebra]], [[Karl Landsteiner]], [[Hans Asperger]], [[Carl von Rokitansky]], [[Julius Wagner-Jauregg]], [[Robert Bárány]], [[Theodor Billroth]], [[Karl Koller (ophthalmologist)|Karl Koller]]
* Philosophy: [[Karl Popper]], [[Ludwig Wittgenstein]], [[Paul Feyerabend]], [[Moritz Schlick]]
* [[Physics]]: [[Lise Meitner]], [[Erwin Schrödinger]], [[Wolfgang Pauli]], [[Ludwig Boltzmann]], [[Victor Francis Hess|Victor Franz Hess]], [[Ernst Mach]], [[Christian Doppler]], [[Josef Stefan]], [[Anton Zeilinger]]
* [[Psychology]]: [[Sigmund Freud]], [[Alfred Adler]], [[Viktor Frankl]]
* Sociology: [[Karl Polanyi]], [[Otto Bauer]], [[Max Adler (Marxist)|Max Adler]]

=== Museums ===
[[File:Imperial Crown Orb and Sceptre of Austria (Imperial Treasury).jpg|thumb|The Imperial Crown, Orb, and Sceptre of Austria in the Imperial Treasury.]]
The majority of [[museum]]s in Vienna are located in an area on the border of Innere Stadt and Neubau in the center of the city, from the museums inside the [[Hofburg]] to the [[MuseumsQuartier]], with the twin [[Natural History Museum, Vienna|Naturhistorisches Museum]] and [[Kunsthistorisches Museum]] in between. This area is home to many museums such as:
* In and around the [[Hofburg]]:
** [[Imperial Treasury, Vienna|Imperial Treasury]]: A collection of European treasures, including the [[Imperial Regalia]] of the [[Holy Roman Emperor]] and the [[Imperial Crown of Austria]]
** Sisi Museum: Dedicated to [[Empress Elisabeth of Austria]], allowing visitors to view the imperial apartments.
** [[Weltmuseum Wien]]: An [[Anthropology|anthropological]] museum housing many [[Ethnography|ethnographic]] objects from Africa, America, Asia and Oceania, such as [[Moctezuma's headdress]].
** House of Austrian History
** [[Globe Museum]]
** [[Esperanto Museum and Collection of Planned Languages]]
** [[Austrian National Library]]
** [[Ephesos Museum]]
** [[Albertina]]: An art museum featuring approximately 65,000 [[drawing]]s and one million [[old master print]]s, with works by [[Leonardo da Vinci]], [[Claude Monet]] and [[Albrecht Dürer]]. ''[[Young Hare]]'' by Dürer is perhaps the most well-known painting in the museum.

[[File:Vienna - View of Maria Theresien-Platz and the Kunsthistorisches Museum - 6291.jpg|thumb|[[Kunsthistorisches Museum]] on Maria-Theresien-Platz.]]

* On [[Maria-Theresien-Platz]]: Two almost identical buildings were completed in 1891 and opened by Emperor [[Franz Joseph I]].
** [[Kunsthistorisches Museum]]: an art museum featuring works from artists such as [[Pieter Bruegel the Elder]], [[Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio|Caravaggio]], [[Albrecht Dürer]], [[Raphael]], [[Rembrandt]], [[Titian]] and [[Johannes Vermeer|Vermeer]]. Notable works include ''[[The Tower of Babel (Bruegel)|The (Great) Tower of Babel]]'' and ''[[The Hunters in the Snow]]'' (both by [[Pieter Bruegel the Elder|Bruegel]])'','' 
** [[Naturhistorisches Museum]]: A natural history museum with 30 million objects in its collection, of which 100,000 are on display. A notable exhibit is the [[Venus of Willendorf]], a 25,000-year-old statue found in Austria.
[[File:Museumsquartier courtyard.jpg|thumb|The [[MuseumsQuartier]]. ]]

* In the [[MuseumsQuartier]]: The former imperial stalls were converted to a group of museums in the late 1990s and opened in 2001.
** [[Mumok|MUMOK]] (Museum of [[Modern art|Modern Art]]): A modern and [[contemporary art]] museum housing works from artists such as [[Andy Warhol]], [[Roy Lichtenstein]] and [[Pablo Picasso]].
** [[Leopold Museum]]: A collection of modern [[Culture of Austria#Visual art|Austrian art]] featuring works by [[Egon Schiele]], [[Gustav Klimt]], as well as pieces from [[Vienna Secession]], [[Wiener Moderne|Viennese Modernism]] and Austrian Expressionism.
** [[Kunsthalle Wien]]
** ''ZOOM Kindermuseum''
** [[Architekturzentrum Wien]]

The [[Österreichische Galerie Belvedere]] at the [[Belvedere, Vienna|Belvedere]] presents art from Austria from the [[Middle Ages]] through the [[Baroque]] to the early 20th century, including [[The Kiss (Klimt)|''The Kiss'']], Gustav Klimt's most famous work. It also houses the Baroque Museum with [[Franz Xaver Messerschmidt]]'s famous character heads. In 2011, Belvedere 21 (formerly 21er Haus) was reopened in its immediate vicinity as a branch of contemporary art.

[[File:The Kiss - Gustav Klimt - Google Cultural Institute.jpg|thumb|''[[The Kiss (Klimt)|The Kiss]]'' in the [[Belvedere, Vienna|Belvedere]].]]

The [[Vienna Museum]] documents the history of Vienna with a permanent presentation and temporary exhibitions and presents the memorials to Ludwig van Beethoven, Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Franz Schubert and Johann Strauss. Other branches of the museum include the [[Hermesvilla]] in the [[Lainzer Tiergarten]], the Vienna Clock Museum, the Roman Museum and the Prater Museum.

The former imperial summer residence at [[Schönbrunn Palace]], Vienna's most visited attraction, is set up as a museum with the palace's showrooms and the [[Imperial Carriage Museum]].

The [[Museum of Military History, Vienna|Museum of Military History]] in the [[Vienna Arsenal|Arsenal]] is the leading museum of the [[Austrian Armed Forces]] and documents the history of the [[Military history of Austria|Austrian military]] with exhibits including [[weapon]]s, [[armour]], [[tank]]s, aircraft, [[Military uniform|uniforms]], [[War flag|battle flags]], [[Military art|paintings]], [[Orders, decorations, and medals of Austria-Hungary|medals and decorations]], photographs, [[List of ships of Austria-Hungary|battleship models]] and documents.
[[File:Arsenal Heeresgeschichtliches Museum-DSC 7920w.jpg|thumb|The Museum of Military History in the Arsenal.]]

Other museums in the city include:
* [[Haus der Musik|House of Music]], a music museum in the former palace of [[Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen|Archduke Charles]], where [[Otto Nicolai]], founder of the [[Vienna Philharmonic]], once lived.
* ''[[Haus des Meeres]]'', a public aquarium in a [[WWII]] [[flak tower]]. 
* [[Museum of Art Fakes]]
* ''[[KunstHausWien]]''
* [[Museum of Applied Arts, Vienna|Museum of Applied Arts]]
* [[Liechtenstein Museum]]
* [[Sigmund Freud Museum (Vienna)|Sigmund Freud Museum]], a museum about [[Sigmund Freud|Freud’s]] life at his old residence.
* [[Mozarthaus Vienna]]
* ''[[Third Man Museum|Dritte Mann Museum]]'', centered around the 1949 British film ''[[The Third Man]]'', set in post-World War II Vienna
* [[Liechtenstein Museum]]
* [[Jewish Museum Vienna]], founded in 1896, the oldest of its kind.
* Money Museum, owned by the [[Oesterreichische Nationalbank|Austrian National Bank]] 
* Museum of [[illusion]]s

=== Architecture ===
[[File:Otto Wagner Pavillon - Karlsplatz.jpg|thumb|[[Karlsplatz Stadtbahn Station]], designed in [[Art Nouveau]] style.]]
A variety of architectural styles have been preserved in Vienna, including [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] and [[Baroque architecture]]. The [[Vienna Secession]], an art movement closely related to [[Art Nouveau]], has left many architectural traces in Vienna. The [[Secession Building, Vienna|Secession building]], [[Karlsplatz Stadtbahn Station]], and the [[Kirche am Steinhof]] by [[Otto Wagner]] rank among the best-known examples of Art Nouveau in the world.

The [[Wiener Moderne]] shunned the use of extraneous adornment. Architect [[Adolf Loos]] is responsible for the [[Looshaus]] (1909), the Kärntner Bar (1908), and the [[Steiner House]] (1910).

The [[Hundertwasserhaus]] by [[Friedensreich Hundertwasser]], designed to counter the clinical look of modern architecture, is one of Vienna's most popular [[tourist attraction]]s. Hundertwasser also designed the [[KunstHausWien]] and the District Heating Plant in Alsergrund.

In the 1990s, a number of quarters were adapted and extensive building projects were implemented in the areas around [[Donaustadt]] and [[Wienerberg]]. Vienna has seen numerous architectural projects completed which combine modern architectural elements with old buildings, such as the remodeling and revitalization of the old [[Gasometer, Vienna|Gasometer]] in 2001.
[[File:Gasometer wien.jpg|thumb|Gasometer in Simmering.]]
The [[DC Towers]] are located on the northern bank of the Danube and were completed in 2013.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.skyscraperpicture.com/vienna.htm |title=Vienna's 10 tallest skyscrapers |publisher=Skyscraperpicture.com |date=13 May 2008 |access-date=13 June 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101130015638/http://skyscraperpicture.com/vienna.htm |archive-date=30 November 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=millenniumtower-vienna-austria |access-date=19 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070217064200/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=millenniumtower-vienna-austria |url-status=usurped |archive-date=17 February 2007 |title=Millennium Tower &#124; Buildings |location=Vienna |publisher=Emporis }}</ref>

=== Places of worship ===
[[File:Wien - Ruprechtskirche.JPG|thumb|St. Rupert's Church, the oldest in Vienna.]]
Due to the prevalence of Christianity in the city, most places of worship are churches and [[cathedral]]s. Most notable are:
* [[St. Rupert's Church, Vienna|St. Rupert's Church]] (ca. 800), considered the oldest church in the city.
* [[St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna|St. Stephen's Cathedral]] (1137), the [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] [[Mother Church#Cathedral|mother church]] of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vienna]], one of the city's most recognizable symbols. Located in the [[Stephansplatz, Vienna|Stephansplatz]] in the center of town, it is a popular tourist attraction.
* [[Schottenkirche, Vienna|Schottenkirche]] (12th century), founded by Irish [[Benedictines|Benedictine monks]] as the [[parish church]] of the [[Schottenstift]].
* [[Maria am Gestade]] (1414), one of Vienna's oldest churches and an example of Gothic architecture.
* [[Capuchin Church, Vienna|Capuchin Church]] (1632), home to the [[Imperial Crypt]], the burial site of many members of the [[House of Habsburg|Habsburg family]].
* [[Karlskirche]] (1737), a [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] church in the [[Karlsplatz]] and a popular tourist attraction.
* [[Peterskirche, Vienna|Peterskirche]] (early 18th century), located near the [[Graben, Vienna|Graben]] and a major tourist destination.
* [[Votivkirche, Vienna|Votivkirche]] (1879), built on the Ringstraße as an expression of gratitude after [[Franz Joseph I of Austria|Emperor Franz Joseph]] survived an assassination attempt in 1853. 
* [[St. Francis of Assisi Church, Vienna|St. Francis of Assisi Church]] (1910), a [[Basilica]]-style church on the bank of the Danube on the [[Mexikoplatz]], is administered by the [[Trinitarian Order|Order of the Holy Trinity]].

Other notable churches include the [[Augustinian Church, Vienna|Augustinian Church]], the [[Dominican Church, Vienna|Church of St. Maria Rotunda]], the [[Kirche am Steinhof|Church of St. Leopold]], the [[Franciscan Church, Vienna|Franciscan Church]], the [[Jesuit Church, Vienna|Jesuit Church]] and the [[Minoritenkirche (Vienna)|Minoritenkirche]].

Vienna's biggest [[mosque]] is the [[Vienna Islamic Centre|Vienna Islamic Center]] in [[Kaisermühlen]], which is financed by the [[Muslim World League]]. The mosque features a 32-meter-high [[minaret]] and a [[Qubba|dome]] 16 meters high, with a 20-meter radius.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Islamic Center - Mosque |url=https://www.wien.info/en/see-do/sights-from-a-to-z/islamic-center-349172 |access-date=15 September 2024 |website=vienna.info |language=en |archive-date=15 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915211754/https://www.wien.info/en/see-do/sights-from-a-to-z/islamic-center-349172 |url-status=live }}</ref> In addition, there are over 100 further mosques in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LL |date=26 June 2024 |title=108 Moscheen in Wien – dieser Bezirk hat die meisten |url=https://www.heute.at/s/108-moscheen-in-wien-dieser-bezirk-hat-die-meisten-120044669 |access-date=15 September 2024 |website=Heute.at |language=de |archive-date=14 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240914110510/https://www.heute.at/s/108-moscheen-in-wien-dieser-bezirk-hat-die-meisten-120044669 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Before the [[Kristallnacht|November pogroms of 1938]], also known as the Kristallnacht, Vienna had 24 [[synagogue]]s and 78 prayer houses. Only one synagogue, the [[Stadttempel]], survived the destruction.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Die ehemaligen Synagogen Wiens |url=https://www.derstandard.at/consent/tcf/story/2000140603751/die-ehemaligen-synagogen-wiens |access-date=15 September 2024 |website=DER STANDARD |language=de-AT |archive-date=11 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211203631/https://www.derstandard.at/consent/tcf/story/2000140603751/die-ehemaligen-synagogen-wiens |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Ball dances ===
The first [[Ball (dance event)|balls]] in Vienna were held in the 18th century. The ball season takes place annually during [[Carnival]], running from 11 November to [[Shrove Tuesday]]. Many balls are held in the [[Hofburg]], [[Vienna City Hall|Rathaus]] and [[Musikverein]]. Guests adhere to a strict dress code, men are required to wear [[Black tie|black]] or [[white tie]], while women must wear [[ball gown]]s. Debutants of the ball wear white.<ref name="Vienna Tourist Board">{{cite web |url=http://b2b.wien.info/media/files-b2b/artikel-db-baelle-en.doc |title=Balls in Vienna |author=Vienna Tourist Board |access-date=21 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906093826/http://b2b.wien.info/media/files-b2b/artikel-db-baelle-en.doc |archive-date=6 September 2015 }}</ref>

The balls are opened with dances, traditionally including a Viennese waltz, at around 22:00, and close at about 05:00 the next morning. Food served at the balls includes sausages with bread, and [[goulash]].

Notable Viennese balls include the [[Vienna Opera Ball]], the [[Vienna Ball of Sciences]], the Wiener Akademikerball and the Hofburg Silvesterball.

The Wiener Akademikerball in the Hofburg has attracted lots of controversy for being a gathering for [[Far-right politics|far-right politicians]] and groups. The ball is hosted by the [[Freedom Party of Austria|FPÖ]], the right-wing populist party of Austria and has attracted multiple right-wing and far-right personalities, such as [[Martin Sellner]] and [[Marine Le Pen]]. Since 2008, annual demonstrations organized by various groups have protested against the event. Former leader of the FPÖ [[Heinz-Christian Strache]] compared [[Anti-fascism|anti-fascist]] protesters to a [[Nazism|Nazi]] mob, alleging that the ball attendees were being treated as "[[The Holocaust|new Jews]]".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shields |first=Michael |date=6 February 2012 |title=Austria far-right leader hurt by "new Jews" comment |website=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE8150UF/ }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Shields |first=Michael |date=24 January 2014 |title=Protesters arrested at right-wing party's Vienna ball |website=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/vienna-ball-right/protesters-arrested-at-right-wing-partys-vienna-ball-idUKL5N0KY3E820140124/ }}</ref>

=== Language ===
Vienna is part of the [[Austro-Bavarian]] language area, in particular [[Central Bavarian]] (''Mittelbairisch'').<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wiesinger |first1=Peter |title=Strukturelle historische Dialektologie des Deutschen |date=2017 |publisher=Georg Olms Verlag |isbn=9783487421995 |page=50 }}</ref> The Viennese dialect takes many loanword from languages of the former Habsburg Monarchy, especially Czech. The dialect differs from the west of Austria in its pronunciation and grammar. Features typical of Viennese German include [[Monophthongization]], the transformation of a [[Diphthongs|diphthong]] into a [[monophthong]] (German ''heiß'' (hot) into Viennese ''haas'') and the lengthening of vowels (''Heeaasd, i bin do ned bleeed, wooos waaasn ii, wea des woooa'' (Standard German ''Hörst du, ich bin doch nicht blöd, was weiß denn ich, wer das war''): "Listen, I'm not stupid; what do I know, who that was?"). Speakers of the dialect tend to avoid the [[genitive case]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Phonetics and Phonology of the Viennese Dialect |url=https://www.oeaw.ac.at/isf/forschung/projekte/phonetik/abgeschlossene-projekte/phonetics-and-phonology-of-the-viennese-dialect |access-date=5 April 2024 |website=www.oeaw.ac.at |archive-date=5 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405224625/https://www.oeaw.ac.at/isf/forschung/projekte/phonetik/abgeschlossene-projekte/phonetics-and-phonology-of-the-viennese-dialect |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== LGBT ===
[[File:Viele Menschen mit Regenbogenfahnen bei der Vienna Pride 2021 (51263075454).jpg|thumb|Vienna Pride 2021]]
Vienna is regarded as the center of [[LGBTQ|LGBTQ+]] [[LGBT rights in Austria|life in Austria]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=For LGBT |url=https://www.wien.info/en/all-of-vienna/gay-lesbian |access-date=7 August 2022 |website=vienna.info |url-status=live |archive-date=13 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813190713/https://www.wien.info/en/all-of-vienna/gay-lesbian }}</ref> The city has implemented an action plan against [[Homophobia|homophobic discrimination]] and has maintained an anti-discrimination unit within its administration since 1998.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Viennese Antidiscrimination Unit for Lesbian, Gay and Transgender Issues |url=https://rm.coe.int/1680488fd3 |access-date=8 August 2022 |url-status=live |archive-date=7 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807161020/https://rm.coe.int/1680488fd3 }}</ref> The city has several cafés, bars, and clubs frequented by the [[LGBTQ|LGBTQ+]] community, including the [[Café Savoy]], a traditional coffee house established in 1896. In 2015, ahead of hosting the [[Eurovision Song Contest 2015|Eurovision Song Contest]], Vienna introduced traffic lights featuring same-sex couples, attracting international media attention.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Vienna's traffic lights are now gay-themed |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |issn=0190-8286 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/05/12/viennas-traffic-lights-are-now-gay-themed/ |access-date=7 August 2022 |url-status=live |archive-date=6 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306052500/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/05/12/viennas-traffic-lights-are-now-gay-themed/ }}</ref> Multiple [[rainbow crossing]]s are dotted around the city. [[Vienna Pride|Vienna's Pride Parade]] is held every [[Pride Month|June]]. In 2019, when the parade hosted [[Europride]], it attracted around 500,000 visitors.<ref>{{Cite web |last=red |first=wien ORF at/Agenturen |date=15 June 2019 |title=Halbe Million bei Regenbogenparade |url=https://wien.orf.at/stories/3000508/ |access-date=7 August 2022 |website=wien.ORF.at |language=de |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190926020137/https://wien.orf.at/stories/3000508/ |archive-date=26 September 2019 }}</ref>