Editing Tsetse fly (section)

====Trapping====
[[Image:TsetseTrap.jpg|right|thumb|Tsetse trap]]
Tsetse populations can be monitored and effectively controlled using simple, inexpensive [[trapping|traps]]. These often use blue cloth, either in sheet or biconical form, since this color attracts the flies. The traps work by channeling the flies into a collection chamber, or by exposing the flies to [[insecticide]] sprayed on the cloth. Early traps mimicked the form of cattle, as tsetse are also attracted to large dark colors like the hides of [[cow]]s and [[Bubalina|buffaloes]]. Some scientists put forward the idea that [[zebra]] have stripes, not as a camouflage in long grass, but because the black and white bands tend to confuse tsetse and prevent attack.<ref>{{cite news|last=Doyle-Burr |first=Nora |title=Scientists unravel mystery of zebra stripes |newspaper=Christian Science Monitor |url=http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2012/0209/Scientists-unravel-mystery-of-zebra-stripes |access-date=May 15, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal| title=Polarotactic tabanids find striped patterns with brightness and/or polarization modulation least attractive: An advantage of zebra stripes| journal=Journal of Experimental Biology| volume=215| issue=5| pages=736–745| year=2012| last1=Egri| first1=A.| last2=Blaho| first2=M.| last3=Kriska| first3=G.| last4=Farkas| first4=R.| last5=Gyurkovszky| first5=M.| last6=Akesson| first6=S.| last7=Horvath| first7=G.| pmid=22323196| doi=10.1242/jeb.065540| doi-access=free}}</ref>

The use of chemicals as attractants to lure tsetse to the traps has been studied extensively in the late 20th century, but this has mostly been of interest to scientists rather than as an economically reasonable solution. Attractants studied have been those tsetse might use to find food, like [[carbon dioxide]], [[octenol]], and [[acetone]]&mdash;which are given off in animals' breath and distributed downwind in an ''odor plume.'' Synthetic versions of these chemicals can create artificial odor plumes. A cheaper approach is to place cattle [[urine]] in a half gourd near the trap. For large trapping efforts, additional traps are generally cheaper than expensive artificial attractants.

A special trapping method is applied in [[Ethiopia]], where the BioFarm Consortium ([[ICIPE]], BioVision Foundation, BEA, Helvetas, [[DLCO-EA]], Praxis Ethiopia) applies the traps in a [[sustainable agriculture]] and [[rural development]] context (SARD). The traps are just the entry point, followed by improved farming, human health and marketing inputs. This method is in the final stage of testing (as of 2006).