Editing Republic of Ireland (section)

===Literature===
{{Main|Irish literature}}
[[File:Jonathan Swift by Charles Jervas detail.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Jonathan Swift]] (1667–1745)]]
Ireland has made a significant contribution to world literature in both the English and Irish languages. Modern [[Irish fiction]] began with the publishing of the 1726 novel ''[[Gulliver's Travels]]'' by [[Jonathan Swift]]. Other writers of importance during the 18th century and their most notable works include [[Laurence Sterne]] with the publication of ''[[The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman]]'' and [[Oliver Goldsmith]]'s ''[[The Vicar of Wakefield]]''. Numerous [[List of Irish novelists|Irish novelists]] emerged during the 19th century, including [[Maria Edgeworth]], [[John Banim]], [[Gerald Griffin]], [[Charles Kickham]], [[William Carleton]], [[George A. Moore|George Moore]], and [[Somerville and Ross]]. [[Bram Stoker]] is best known as the author of the 1897 novel ''[[Dracula]]''.

[[James Joyce]] (1882–1941) published his most famous work ''[[Ulysses (novel)|Ulysses]]'' in 1922, which is an interpretation of the ''[[Odyssey]]'' set in Dublin. [[Edith Anna Somerville|Edith Somerville]] continued writing after the death of her partner [[Violet Florence Martin|Martin Ross]] in 1915. Dublin's [[Annie M. P. Smithson]] was one of several authors catering for fans of romantic fiction in the 1920s and 1930s. After the Second World War, popular novels were published by, among others, Brian O'Nolan, who published as [[Flann O'Brien]], [[Elizabeth Bowen]], and [[Kate O'Brien (novelist)|Kate O'Brien]]. During the final decades of the 20th century, [[Edna O'Brien]], [[John McGahern]], [[Maeve Binchy]], [[Joseph O'Connor]], [[Roddy Doyle]], [[Colm Tóibín]], and [[John Banville]] came to the fore as novelists.

[[File:Yeats Boughton.jpg|thumb|upright|[[W. B. Yeats]] (1865–1939)]]

[[Patricia Lynch]] was a prolific children's author in the 20th century, while [[Eoin Colfer]]'s works were [[New York Times Best Seller|NYT Best Sellers]] in this genre in the early 21st century.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/eoin-colfer-signs-artemis-fowl-spin-off-series-deal-1.3457107 | newspaper = The Irish Times | title = Eoin Colfer signs Artemis Fowl spin-off series deal | date = 11 April 2018 | access-date = 5 September 2018 | quote = Colfer is The New York Times best-selling author of eight books in the Artemis Fowl series, with sales in excess of 25&nbsp;million copies | archive-date = 9 November 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201109025541/https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/eoin-colfer-signs-artemis-fowl-spin-off-series-deal-1.3457107 | url-status = live }}</ref> In the genre of the short story, which is a form favoured by many Irish writers, the most prominent figures include [[Seán Ó Faoláin]], [[Frank O'Connor]] and [[William Trevor]]. Well known Irish poets include [[Patrick Kavanagh]], [[Thomas McCarthy (poet)|Thomas McCarthy]], [[Dermot Bolger]], and [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] laureates [[W. B. Yeats|William Butler Yeats]] and [[Seamus Heaney]] (born in Northern Ireland but resided in Dublin). Prominent writers in the Irish language are [[Pádraic Ó Conaire]], [[Máirtín Ó Cadhain]], [[Séamus Ó Grianna]], and [[Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill]].

The history of [[Irish theatre]] begins with the expansion of the English administration in Dublin during the early 17th century, and since then, Ireland has significantly contributed to English drama. In its early history, theatrical productions in Ireland tended to serve political purposes, but as more theatres opened and the popular audience grew, a more diverse range of entertainments were staged. Many Dublin-based theatres developed links with their London equivalents, and British productions frequently found their way to the Irish stage. However, most Irish playwrights went abroad to establish themselves. In the 18th century, [[Oliver Goldsmith]] and [[Richard Brinsley Sheridan]] were two of the most successful playwrights on the London stage at that time. At the beginning of the 20th century, theatre companies dedicated to the staging of Irish plays and the development of writers, directors and performers began to emerge, which allowed many Irish playwrights to learn their trade and establish their reputations in Ireland rather than in Britain or the United States. Following in the tradition of acclaimed practitioners, principally [[Oscar Wilde]], Literature Nobel Prize laureates [[George Bernard Shaw]] (1925) and [[Samuel Beckett]] (1969), playwrights such as [[Seán O'Casey]], [[Brian Friel]], [[Sebastian Barry]], [[Brendan Behan]], [[Conor McPherson]] and [[Billy Roche]] have gained popular success.<ref>{{cite book|last =Houston|first =Eugenie|title =Working and Living in Ireland|publisher =Working and Living Publications|year =2001|isbn =0-9536896-8-9|url-access =registration |url =https://archive.org/details/workinglivingini00euge |page=299}}</ref> Other Irish playwrights of the 20th century include [[Denis Johnston]], [[Thomas Kilroy]], [[Tom Murphy (playwright)|Tom Murphy]], [[Hugh Leonard]], [[Frank McGuinness]], and [[John B. Keane]].