Editing Punjab (section)

===Languages===
{{See also|Punjab Province (British India)#1931_Language_Census|Punjabi dialects and languages|Punjab, Pakistan#language}}
[[File:Mother Tongue by Pakistani District - 2017 Census.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.6|
<div style="text-align: center">The dominant [[mother tongue]] in each [[District of Pakistan]], according to the [[2017 Pakistan Census]]</div>]]
The major language is [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], which is written in India with the [[Gurmukhi]] script, and in Pakistan using the [[Shahmukhi]] script.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.omniglot.com/writing/punjabi.htm|title=Punjabi language, alphabets and pronunciation|access-date=13 April 2020|archive-date=1 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181101213732/http://www.omniglot.com/writing/punjabi.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The Punjabi language has official status and is widely used in education and administration in Indian Punjab, whereas in Pakistani Punjab these roles are instead fulfilled by the [[Urdu]] language.

Several languages closely related to Punjabi are spoken in the various parts of the region. [[Dogri language|Dogri]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dogri |url=http://lisindia.ciil.org/Dogri/Dogri.html |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=lisindia.ciil.org |archive-date=26 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326023902/http://lisindia.ciil.org/Dogri/Dogri.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Kangri language|Kangri]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Language {{!}} District Kangra, Government of Himachal Pradesh {{!}} India |url=https://hpkangra.nic.in/language/ |access-date=2022-08-17 |language=en-US |archive-date=16 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816202002/https://hpkangra.nic.in/language/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and other [[western Pahari]] dialects are spoken in the north-central and northeastern parts of the region, while [[Bagri language|Bagri]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2013 |title=Bagri of Rajasthan, Punjab, and Haryana: A Sociolinguistic Survey |url=https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/43105 |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=SIL International |language=en |archive-date=6 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606040411/https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/43105 |url-status=live }}</ref> is spoken in south-central and southeastern sections. Meanwhile, [[Saraiki language|Saraiki]] is generally spoken across a wide belt covering the southwest, while in the northwest there are large pockets containing speakers of [[Hindko]] and [[Pothwari language|Pothwari]].{{sfn|Shackle|1979|p=198}}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Linguistic demographics of [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]]
! rowspan="2" |[[First language|Language]]
! colspan="1" |Percentage
|-
!1911<ref name="punjab1911" />{{rp|370}}
|-
! [[Punjabi dialects and languages|Punjabi]]{{efn|[[Standard Punjabi]]: 58.34%<br />[[Lahnda]]:{{efn|name=lahnda|Western Punjabi languages and dialects including [[Saraiki language|Saraiki]], [[Hindko]] and [[Pahari-Pothwari]], and other related languages or dialects}} 17.59%}}
| 75.93%
|-
! [[Western Hindi]]{{efn|name=westernhindi|Including [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]] ([[Hindi]] and [[Urdu]]), [[Braj Bhasha]], [[Haryanvi language|Haryanvi]], and other related languages or dialects}}
| 15.82%
|-
! [[Western Pahari]]
| 4.11%
|-
! [[Rajasthani languages|Rajasthani]]
| 3.0%
|-
! [[Balochi language|Balochi]]
| 0.29%
|-
! [[Pashto]]
| 0.28%
|-
! English
| 0.15%
|-
! Other
| 0.42%
|}