Editing Potassium (section)

===Biochemical function===
Potassium levels influence multiple physiological processes, including<ref>{{cite book|vauthors=Weiner ID, Linus S, Wingo CS|chapter= Disorders of potassium metabolism|veditors= Freehally J, Johnson RJ, Floege J|title= Comprehensive clinical nephrology|edition= 5th |place=St. Louis|publisher= Saunders|year= 2014|pages=118|isbn= 978-0-323-24287-5 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|vauthors=Malnic G, Giebisch G, Muto S, Wang W, Bailey MA, Satlin LM|chapter= Regulation of K+ excretion|veditors= Alpern RJ, Caplan MJ, Moe OW|title=Seldin and Giebisch's the kidney: physiology and pathophysiology|edition= 5th |place= London|publisher= Academic Press|year= 2013|pages=1659–1716|isbn=978-0-12-381463-0 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |vauthors=Mount DB, Zandi-Nejad K |chapter=Disorders of potassium balance |veditors= Taal MW, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Skorecki KL, Yu AS, Brenner BM |title=The kidney |edition= 9th |place= Philadelphia |publisher= Elsevier |year= 2011 |pages=640–688 |isbn=978-1-4557-2304-1 }}</ref>
*resting cellular-membrane potential and the propagation of action potentials in neuronal, muscular, and cardiac tissue. Due to the electrostatic and chemical properties, {{chem2|K+}} ions are larger than {{chem2|Na+}} ions, and ion channels and pumps in cell membranes can differentiate between the two ions, actively pumping or passively passing one of the two ions while blocking the other.<ref>{{cite journal|pmid=17472437|title=Structural and thermodynamic properties of selective ion binding in a K+ channel|last1=Lockless |first1 = S. W.| last2= Zhou|first2 =M.|last3= MacKinnon|first3 =R.|journal=PLOS Biol|year= 2007 |volume=5|issue=5|page=e121|doi=10.1371/journal.pbio.0050121|pmc=1858713 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
*hormone secretion and action
*vascular tone
*systemic blood pressure control
*gastrointestinal motility
*acid–base homeostasis
*glucose and insulin metabolism
*mineralocorticoid action
*renal concentrating ability
*fluid and electrolyte balance
*local cortical monoaminergic norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine levels, and through them, sleep/wake balance, and spontaneous activity.<ref name="Dietz Weikop Hauglund Andersen 2023 p.">{{cite journal |last1=Dietz |first1=Andrea Grostøl |last2=Weikop |first2=Pia |last3=Hauglund |first3=Natalie |last4=Andersen |first4=Mie |last5=Petersen |first5=Nicolas Caesar |last6=Rose |first6=Laura |last7=Hirase |first7=Hajime |last8=Nedergaard |first8=Maiken |date=2023 |title=Local extracellular K <sup>+</sup> in cortex regulates norepinephrine levels, network state, and behavioral output |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=120 |issue=40 |page=e2305071120 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2305071120 |issn=0027-8424|doi-access=free |pmid=37774097 |pmc=10556678 |bibcode=2023PNAS..12005071D }}</ref>