Editing Pacifism (section)

=====Great Britain=====
[[Bertrand Russell]] argued that the necessity of defeating [[Adolf Hitler]] and the [[Nazis]] was a unique circumstance in which war was not the worst of the possible evils; he called his position ''relative pacifism''. Shortly before the outbreak of war, British writers such as [[E. M. Forster]], [[Leonard Woolf]], [[David Garnett]] and [[Storm Jameson]] all rejected their earlier pacifism and endorsed military action against Nazism.<ref>Ian Patterson, "Pacifists and Conscientious Objectors", in Adam Piette and Mark Rawlinson, ''The Edinburgh Companion to Twentieth-Century British and American War Literature'', Edinburgh University Press, 2012. {{ISBN|0748638741}}  (p. 311).</ref> Similarly, [[Albert Einstein]] wrote: "I loathe all armies and any kind of violence; yet I'm firmly convinced that at present these hateful weapons offer the only effective protection."<ref>Quoted on [http://www.ppu.org.uk/learn/infodocs/people/pp-einstein2.html Albert Einstein] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009142749/http://www.ppu.org.uk//learn/infodocs/people/pp-einstein2.html |date=9 October 2007 }} at Peace Pledge Union, and but also discussed in detail in articles in Einstein, Albert (1954), ''Ideas and Opinions'', New York: Random House, {{ISBN|0517003937}}</ref> The British pacifists [[Reginald Sorensen, Baron Sorensen|Reginald Sorensen]] and [[Cecil John Cadoux|C. J. Cadoux]], while bitterly disappointed by the outbreak of war, nevertheless urged their fellow pacifists "not to obstruct the war effort."<ref>Martin Ceadel, ''Pacifism in Britain, 1914–1945 : The Defining of a Faith''. Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1980. {{ISBN|0198218826}} (pp.&nbsp;298–299).</ref>

Pacifists across Great Britain further struggled to uphold their anti-military values during the [[The Blitz|Blitz]], a coordinated, long-term attack by the ''[[Luftwaffe]]'' on Great Britain. As the country was ravaged nightly by German bombing raids, pacifists had to seriously weigh the importance of their political and moral values against the desire to protect their nation.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Overy |first=R. |date=1 May 2013 |title=Pacifism and the Blitz, 1940–1941 |journal=Past & Present |issue=219 |pages=201–236 |doi=10.1093/pastj/gtt005}}</ref>