Editing Nicotine (section)

===Metabolism===
Nicotine decreases hunger and as a consequence food consumption, alongside increasing [[energy expenditure]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=Nicotine' actions on energy balance: Friend or foe? |journal=[[Pharmacology & Therapeutics]] |date=March 2021 |volume=219}}</ref><ref name=HuYang2018>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hu T, Yang Z, Li MD | title = Pharmacological Effects and Regulatory Mechanisms of Tobacco Smoking Effects on Food Intake and Weight Control | journal = Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology | volume = 13 | issue = 4 | pages = 453–466 | date = December 2018 | pmid = 30054897 | doi = 10.1007/s11481-018-9800-y | s2cid = 51727199 |quote=Nicotine's weight effects appear to result especially from the drug's stimulation of α3β4 nicotine acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are located on pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), leading to activation of the melanocortin circuit, which is associated with body weight. Further, α7- and α4β2-containing nAChRs have been implicated in weight control by nicotine.}}</ref> The majority of research shows that nicotine reduces body weight, but some researchers have found that nicotine may result in weight gain under specific types of eating habits in animal models.<ref name=HuYang2018 /> Nicotine effect on weight appears to result from nicotine's stimulation of α3β4 nAChR receptors located in the [[Proopiomelanocortin|POMC neurons]] in the arcuate nucleus and subsequently the [[central melanocortin system|melanocortin system]], especially the melanocortin-4 receptors on second-order neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, thus modulating feeding inhibition.<ref name="Picciotto2014" /><ref name=HuYang2018/> POMC neurons are a precursor of the melanocortin system, a critical regulator of body weight and peripheral tissue such as skin and hair.<ref name=HuYang2018/>