Editing Materials science (section)

==Emerging technologies==
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| Emerging technology
| Status
| Potentially marginalized technologies
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{|class="wikitable sortable"
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! Emerging technology
! Status
! Potentially marginalized technologies
! Potential applications
! Related articles
|-
| [[Aerogel]]
| Hypothetical, experiments, diffusion, 
early uses<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.constructiondigital.com/innovations/sto-ag-cabot-create-aerogel-insulation|title=Sto AG, Cabot Create Aerogel Insulation|access-date=18 November 2011|publisher=Construction Digital|date=15 November 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111231012849/http://www.constructiondigital.com/innovations/sto-ag-cabot-create-aerogel-insulation|archive-date=31 December 2011}}</ref>
| Traditional insulation, glass
| Improved insulation, insulative glass if it can be made clear, sleeves for oil pipelines, aerospace, high-heat & extreme cold applications
|
|-
| [[Amorphous metal]]
| Experiments
| [[Kevlar]]
| Armor
|
|-
| [[Conductive polymer]]s
| Research, experiments, prototypes
| Conductors
| Lighter and cheaper wires, antistatic materials, [[organic solar cell]]s
|
|-
| [[Femtotechnology]], [[picotechnology]]
| Hypothetical
| Present nuclear
| New materials; nuclear weapons, power
|
|-
| [[Fullerene]]
| Experiments, diffusion
| Synthetic diamond and carbon nanotubes (Buckypaper)
| [[Programmable matter]]
|
|-
| [[Graphene]]
| Hypothetical, experiments, diffusion, 
early uses<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/click_online/9491789.stm|title=Is graphene a miracle material?|access-date=18 November 2011|publisher=BBC Click|date=21 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2011/nov/13/graphene-research-novoselov-geim-manchester|title=Could graphene be the new silicon?|access-date=18 November 2011|newspaper=The Guardian|date=13 November 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130902031129/http://www.theguardian.com/science/2011/nov/13/graphene-research-novoselov-geim-manchester|archive-date=2 September 2013}}</ref>
| Silicon-based [[integrated circuit]]
| Components with higher strength to weight ratios, transistors that operate at higher frequency, lower cost of display screens in mobile devices, storing hydrogen for fuel cell powered cars, filtration systems, longer-lasting and faster-charging batteries, sensors to diagnose diseases<ref>{{cite web|title=Applications of Graphene under Development|url=http://www.understandingnano.com/graphene-applications.html|publisher=understandingnano.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921024004/http://www.understandingnano.com/graphene-applications.html|archive-date=2014-09-21}}</ref>
|[[Potential applications of graphene]]
|-
| [[High-temperature superconductivity]]
| Cryogenic receiver front-end (CRFE) [[RF and microwave filter]] systems for mobile phone base stations; prototypes in [[dry ice]]; Hypothetical and experiments for higher temperatures<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/6412057.stm|title=The 'new age' of super materials|access-date=27 April 2011|work=BBC News|date=5 March 2007}}</ref>
| Copper wire, semiconductor integral circuits
| No loss conductors, frictionless bearings, [[magnetic levitation]], lossless high-capacity [[Accumulator (energy)|accumulators]], [[electric car]]s, heat-free integral circuits and processors
|
|-
| [[LiTraCon]]
| Experiments, already used to make [[Europe Gate]]
| [[Glass]]
| Building skyscrapers, towers, and sculptures like Europe Gate
|
|-
| [[Metamaterial]]s
| Hypothetical, experiments, diffusion<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/09/science/09meta.html?_r=1|title=Strides in Materials, but No Invisibility Cloak|access-date=21 April 2011|newspaper=The New York Times|date=8 November 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701040901/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/09/science/09meta.html?_r=1|archive-date=1 July 2017}}</ref>
| Classical [[optics]]
| [[Microscope]]s, [[camera]]s, [[metamaterial cloaking]], [[cloaking device]]s
|
|-
| [[Metal foam]]
| Research, commercialization
| Hulls
| [[Space colonization|Space colonies]], floating cities
|
|-
| [[Multi-function structure|Multi function structure]]s<ref>[http://www.nae.edu/?ID=8683 NAE Website: Frontiers of Engineering] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728151020/http://www.nae.edu/?ID=8683 |date=2014-07-28 }}. Nae.edu. Retrieved 22 February 2011.</ref>
| Hypothetical, experiments, some prototypes, few commercial
| [[Composite material]]s
| Wide range, e.g., self-health monitoring, [[self-healing material]], morphing
|
|-
| [[Nanomaterials]]: [[carbon nanotube]]s
| Hypothetical, experiments, diffusion, 
early uses<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8471362.stm|title=Carbon nanotubes used to make batteries from fabrics|access-date=27 April 2011|work=BBC News|date=21 January 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailytech.com/Researchers+One+Step+Closer+to+Building+Synthetic+Brain/article21459c.htm|title=Researchers One Step Closer to Building Synthetic Brain|access-date=27 April 2011|publisher=Daily Tech|date=25 April 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429015558/http://www.dailytech.com/Researchers+One+Step+Closer+to+Building+Synthetic+Brain/article21459c.htm|archive-date=29 April 2011}}</ref>
| Structural [[steel]] and [[aluminium]]
| Stronger, lighter materials, [[space elevator|the space elevator]]
| [[Potential applications of carbon nanotubes]], [[carbon fiber]]
|-
| [[Programmable matter]]
| Hypothetical, experiments<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/pentagon-developing-shape-shifting-transformers-for-battlefield|title=Pentagon Developing Shape-Shifting 'Transformers' for Battlefield|access-date=26 April 2011|publisher=Fox News|date=10 June 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110205045019/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,525565,00.html|archive-date=5 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.zdnetasia.com/intel-programmable-matter-takes-shape-62045198.htm|title=Intel: Programmable matter takes shape|access-date=2 January 2012|publisher=ZD Net|date=22 August 2008}}</ref> 
| [[Coating]]s, [[catalyst]]s
| Wide range, e.g., [[claytronics]], [[synthetic biology]]
|
|-
| [[Quantum dot]]s
| Research, experiments, prototypes<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/8580372.stm|title='Quantum dots' to boost performance of mobile cameras|access-date=16 April 2011|work=BBC News|date=22 March 2010}}</ref>
| [[Liquid crystal display|LCD]], [[Light-emitting diode|LED]]
| [[Quantum dot laser]], future use as programmable matter in display technologies (TV, projection), optical data communications (high-speed data transmission), medicine (laser scalpel)
|
|-
| [[Silicene]]
| Hypothetical, research 
| Field-effect transistors
| 
|}