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=== Tertiary education === {{Main|Higher education in Hong Kong}} [[File:Main Building HKU 20100926 03.JPG|thumb|[[University of Hong Kong]] main building]] Hong Kong has twelve universities. The [[University of Hong Kong]] (HKU) was founded as the city's first institute of higher education during the early colonial period in 1911.<ref>{{harvnb|Carroll|2007|pp=84β86}}.</ref> The [[Chinese University of Hong Kong]] (CUHK) was established in 1963 to fill the need for a university that taught using Chinese as its primary language of instruction.<ref>{{harvnb|Fulton Commission|1963}}.</ref> Along with the [[Hong Kong University of Science and Technology]] (HKUST) established in 1991, these universities are consistently ranked among the top 50 or top 100 universities worldwide.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=4 October 2022 |title=World University Rankings |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2023/world-ranking |access-date=2 December 2022 |website=Times Higher Education (THE) |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=QS World University Rankings 2023: Top Global Universities |url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2023 |access-date=2 December 2022 |website=Top Universities |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=2022β2023 Best Global Universities Rankings |url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/rankings}}</ref> The [[Hong Kong Polytechnic University]] (PolyU)<ref>{{harvnb|The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Ordinance}}</ref> and [[City University of Hong Kong]] (CityU), both granted university status in 1994, are consistently ranked among the top 100 or top 200 universities worldwide.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> The [[Hong Kong Baptist University]] (HKBU) was granted university status in 1994<ref>{{harvnb|Hong Kong Baptist University Ordinance}}</ref> and is a liberal arts institution. [[Hong Kong Metropolitan University]] (formerly as Open University of Hong Kong prior to 2021) (attaining status in 1997),<ref>{{harvnb|The Open University of Hong Kong Ordinance}}</ref> [[Lingnan University]] (in 1999),<ref>{{harvnb|Lingnan University Ordinance}}.</ref> [[Hong Kong Shue Yan University]] (in 2006),{{sfn|LegCo Grant to Shue Yan University|2007}} [[Education University of Hong Kong]] (in 2016), [[Hang Seng University of Hong Kong]] (in 2018) and [[Saint Francis University (Hong Kong)|Saint Francis University]] (in 2024)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saint Francis University β Press Release β Caritas Institute of Higher Education granted the university title and renamed Saint Francis University 2024-01-9 |url=https://www.sfu.edu.hk/en/media/press-release/index_id_774.html |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=www.sfu.edu.hk}}</ref> all attained full university status in subsequent years.
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