Editing History of Iceland (section)

===Financial crisis===
[[File:Johanna sigurdardottir official portrait.jpg|thumb|upright|Prime Minister [[Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir]], the world's first [[closeted|openly]] homosexual [[head of government]] of the [[modern era]].]]
{{Further|2008–2011 Icelandic financial crisis}}
In October 2008, the [[2008–2011 Icelandic financial crisis|Icelandic banking system collapsed]], prompting Iceland to seek large loans from the [[International Monetary Fund]] and friendly countries. Widespread protests in late 2008 and early 2009 resulted in the resignation of the Haarde government,<ref>{{cite news |last1=(www.dw.com) |first1=Deutsche Welle |title=Iceland's Government Collapses Over Financial Crisis {{!}} DW Learn German |url=https://learngerman.dw.com/en/icelands-government-collapses-over-financial-crisis/a-3976991 |work=DW Learn German |language=en}}</ref> which was replaced on 1 February 2009 by a coalition government led by the Social Democratic Alliance and the [[Left-Green Movement]]. Social Democrat minister [[Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir]] was appointed prime minister, becoming the world's first [[closeted|openly]] [[homosexual orientation|homosexual]] head of government of the modern era.<ref name="time">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1875032,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201032636/http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1875032,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 February 2009|title=Iceland Picks the World's First Openly Homosexual PM|first=Jonas|last=Moody|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=30 January 2009|access-date=31 January 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7863923.stm|title = First gay PM for Iceland cabinet|work = BBC News|date = 1 February 2009|access-date = 1 February 2009}}</ref> Elections took place in April 2009, and a continuing coalition government consisting of the Social Democrats and the Left-Green Movement was established in May 2009.

The financial crisis gave rise to the [[Icesave dispute]], where Iceland on the one hand and the United Kingdom and Netherlands on the other disputed whether Iceland was obligated to repay British and Dutch depositors who lost their savings when Icesave collapsed.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bergmann|first=Eirikur|title=The Icesave dispute: A Case Study into the Crisis of Diplomacy during the Credit Crunch|url=https://www.academia.edu/31930977|journal=Nordicum-Medierraneum|year=2017 |volume=12|issue=1|language=en}}</ref>

The crisis resulted in the greatest migration from Iceland since 1887, with a net exodus of 5,000 people in 2009.<ref name="nordregio.se">{{cite web |url=http://www.nordregio.se/Global/JoN/JoN%202010/Jon%201%202010/JoN%201_2010.pdf |title=Iceland lost almost 5000 people in 2009 |access-date=8 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315212525/http://www.nordregio.se/Global/JoN/JoN%202010/Jon%201%202010/JoN%201_2010.pdf |archive-date=15 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==== 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull ====

In 2010, a [[2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull|series of volcanic events at Eyjafjallajökull]] in Iceland caused enormous disruption to air travel across Western Europe. The eruption was relatively small, but its impact was massive, leading to an air travel chaos for almost one month, because of a plume of volcanic ash over nine kilometers into the sky.<ref>{{cite web |title=Eyjafjallajökull 2010: How an Icelandic volcano eruption closed European skies |url=https://ncas.ac.uk/eyjafjallajokull-2010-how-an-icelandic-volcano-eruption-closed-european-skies/ |website=NCAS |date=19 June 2020}}</ref>