Editing Hawaii (section)

====Hawaiian Pidgin====
{{main|Hawaiian Pidgin}}
[[File:Hermann A. Widemann and family, ca. 1850s.jpg|thumb|Mixed Hawaiian/European-American family in Honolulu, 1850s]]'''Hawaiian Pidgin''', officially known as [[Hawaiian Pidgin|Hawaiʻi Creole English]] (HCE), is a creole language that emerged in [[Hawaii (island)|Hawaiʻi]] during the 19th century as a means of communication among diverse groups working on sugarcane plantations.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Hawaiian Pidgin History |url=https://www.dapidgin.com/history/ |access-date=2025-03-29 |website=www.dapidgin.com}}</ref> Its lexicon is primarily derived from [[English language|English]], with significant contributions from [[Hawaiian language|Hawaiian]], [[Chinese language|Chinese]], [[Japanese language|Japanese]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[Ilocano language|Ilocano]], and [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]].

The development of Hawaiian Pidgin began with [[Pidgin Hawaiian]], an earlier pidgin that formed in the 1790s during initial contact between [[Native Hawaiians]] and foreigners. As plantation laborers from various countries arrived, a new pidgin based on English evolved to facilitate communication among workers and supervisors.<ref>{{Cite web |title=APiCS Online - Survey chapter: Pidgin Hawaiian |url=https://apics-online.info/surveys/71 |access-date=2025-03-29 |website=apics-online.info}}</ref>

By the early 20th century, children of these plantation workers began acquiring '''Hawaiian Pidgin''' as their first language, leading to its creolization. This transition marked the emergence of HCE as a fully developed creole language.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hawai{{okina}}i Creole English |url=https://www.hawaii.edu/satocenter/langnet/definitions/hce.html |access-date=May 19, 2021 |website=www.hawaii.edu}}</ref><ref name=":7" />

HCE incorporates Hawaiian words, especially in place names and terms for local flora and fauna. For instance, the Hawaiian term for tuna, "ahi," is commonly used in HCE. Additionally, certain English words have adapted meanings; "aunty" and "uncle" are used to address any respected elder, regardless of familial relation.<ref name=":8">{{cite web |last=Sood |first=Suemedha |date=April 20, 2012 |title=Surfer lingo, explained |url=http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20120418-travelwise-surfer-lingo-explained |access-date=December 9, 2020 |publisher=BBC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-18 |title=Know Before You Go: Pidgin and Hawaiian Language Slang |url=https://www.suite-paradise.com/blog/local-scoop/common-hawaiian-and-pidgin-slang |access-date=2025-03-29 |website=Suite Paradise |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pidgin English in Hawaii {{!}} Hawaii Life Vacations |url=https://vacations.hawaiilife.com/blog/hawaii/eh-brah-hawaiian-pidgin-english |access-date=2025-03-29 |website=vacations.hawaiilife.com}}</ref>

Some expressions from HCE have permeated other communities, particularly through surfing culture. Terms like "brah" (brother) and "da kine" (a versatile placeholder term) have gained recognition beyond Hawaiʻi.<ref name=":8" />

In 2015, the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]] recognized Hawaiian Pidgin as an official language in Hawaiʻi, reflecting its widespread use among residents. Despite this recognition, debates continue about its role in education and its impact on learning [[Standard English]].<ref>{{Cite web |title= |url=https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/25a8f799-25da-4f99-985e-3e7ec71118cf/content |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240709083050/https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/25a8f799-25da-4f99-985e-3e7ec71118cf/content |archive-date=July 9, 2024 |access-date=2025-03-29 |website=scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu |url-status=live }}</ref>