Editing German diaspora (section)

===South America===
{{see| German Brazilians|German Argentines|German Chileans|German Uruguayans|Germans in Paraguay|German Bolivians|German Peruvians|German Venezuelans}}

[[File:Oktoberfest VGBelgrano.jpg|thumb|right|[[German Argentine]]s celebrate [[Oktoberfest]] in [[Villa General Belgrano]].]]
[[File:Maps of German colonies in southern Brazil.jpg|thumb|right|German population in Southern Brazil:
{{legend|#FFFEC3|Less than 1% of population ([[Uruguay]])}}
{{legend|#FFF92F|Between 1 – 5% of population ([[State of São Paulo]])}}
{{legend|#FE8E5E|Between 5 – 10% of population ([[State of Paraná]])}}
{{legend|#D0B0B1|Between 10 – 25% of population (State of [[Rio Grande do Sul]])}}
{{legend|#DDA13F|Around 35% of population (State of [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]])}}
]]
[[File:San Ignacio.jpg|thumb|right|Mennonites in [[San Ignacio, Paraguay|San Ignacio]], Paraguay]]

* Argentina: Those of German ancestry constitute about 8% of the Argentine population&nbsp;— over 3 million&nbsp;— most of them [[Volga Germans]] alone&nbsp;— about 2 million.<ref name="cacw.com.ar">{{cite web|url=http://cacw.com.ar/sitio/notas_detalle.php?id=NTk=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207114850/http://cacw.com.ar/sitio/notas_detalle.php?id=NTk%3D|title=CACW – Centro Argentino Cultural "WOLGADEUTSCHE"|archive-date=7 February 2009|access-date=5 March 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> There are more than 400,000 of other German ancestries including [[Mennonites]] and [[German-speaking Switzerland|German Swiss]]. These two groups are more common in Southern Argentina, and also in Santa Fe, Entre Rios and Cordoba provinces. A notable example is the town of [[Villa General Belgrano]], founded by Germans in the 1930s. In the 1960s it became the site of the Fiesta Nacional de la Cerveza, or Oktoberfest, which has become a major attraction in Argentina.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.elsitiodelavilla.com/oktoberfest/historia.htm |title=Fiesta de La Cerveza – Oktoberfest Argentina – Vill |publisher=Elsitiodelavilla.com |access-date=2012-08-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702124049/https://www.elsitiodelavilla.com/oktoberfest/historia.htm |archive-date=2 July 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> By 1940, there were 250,000 people of German descent living in the country.<ref name=Schoonover/> The German embassy in Argentina estimates that 660,000 Argentines, or 1.5% of the total population, are descendants of Germans who emigrated directly from Germany (It means that it doesn't includes other ethnic Germans who emigrated from Austria, Switzerland, Russia/USSR, etc.).<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web|url=http://www.embajada-alemana.org.ar/culturas/becas1.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100213071340/http://www.embajada-alemana.org.ar/culturas/becas1.htm |archive-date=13 February 2010 |title=FUNCIONES DEL DEPARTAMENTO CULTURAL|date=13 February 2010 |access-date=2012-08-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/areas/secretaria_gral/colectividades/?col=1 |title=Obsevatorio de Colectividades – Comunidad Alemana |publisher=Buenosaires.gob.ar |access-date=28 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128203016/http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/areas/secretaria_gral/colectividades/?col=1 |archive-date=28 November 2011 }}</ref> 50,000 German citizens live in Argentina.<ref name=GermanArgentine/>

:Nazi Minister [[Walther Darré]] was born in Argentina. After the Second World War, almost a thousand prominent Nazi leaders and politicians fled to Argentina. [[Adolf Eichmann]] and [[Josef Mengele]] were among them. [[Kurt Tank]], who developed some of the greatest World War II aircraft fighters, also entered Argentina in the late 1940s.<ref>{{cite news|author=NATHANIEL C. NASH|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/14/world/argentine-files-show-huge-effort-to-harbor-nazis.html |title=Argentine Files Show Huge Effort to Harbor Nazis |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=14 December 1993 |access-date=2012-08-25}}</ref>

:There are about 500,000 German-speakers in Argentina,<ref name="Handwörterbuch">[http://www.bpb.de/wissen/08937231579775312662617270950640,1,0,Auslandsdeutsche.html#art1 Handwörterbuch des politischen Systems der Bundesrepublik] (in German). Source lists "German expatriate citizens" only for Namibia and South Africa!</ref> slightly over 1% of population.

:Furthermore, a wave of Ashkenazi immigrants came after the rise of Nazism in 1933, followed by as many as 19,000 German Jews. From 1939 until the end of World War II, immigration was put to a halt by anti-immigrant feelings in the country and restrictions on immigration from Germany.

* [[Bolivia]]: There are two different German groups: the descendants of those who emigrated from Germany and Brazil (estimated in about 160,000, 2% of Bolivian population)<ref name="Lizcano-CR"/> and the descendants of [[Mennonites]] that emigrated from Canada and Mexico (at least 85,000 of them live in agrarian communities).<ref name=NYT/><ref>[http://mexico.cnn.com/videos/2012/06/07/los-menonitas-en-bolivia Los Menonitas en Bolivia] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203073427/http://mexico.cnn.com/videos/2012/06/07/los-menonitas-en-bolivia |date=3 December 2013 }} '''CNN en Español'''</ref> Germans are 237,000 or 2,5% of Bolivian population.<ref name="237.000 alemanes en Bolivia">[https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/11871/BL German in Bolivia]. Joshua Project. Retrieved 27 July 2020.</ref>

:There are over 20,000 Standard German-speakers,<ref name="Lizcano-CR"/> plus 85,000 [[Plautdietsch language|Mennonite Low German]]-speakers.<ref name=NYT>[https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/21/world/americas/21bolivia.html?_r=1&oref=slogin Bolivian Reforms Raise Anxiety on Mennonite Frontier], New York Times{{Subscription required}}</ref>

* Brazil: Mostly living in [[Southern Brazil]]. Brazil received 250,000 Germans between the 19th and 20th centuries. According to Born and Dickgiesser (1989, p.&nbsp;55) the number of Brazilians of German descent in 1986 was 3.6&nbsp;million. According to a 1999 survey by [[Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics|IBGE]] researcher [[Simon Schwartzman]], in a representative sample of the Brazilian population 3,6% said they had German ancestry, a percentage that in a population of about 200 million amount to 7.2 million descendants.<ref name=Alemao>Many authors. Os Alemães no Sul do Brasil, Editora Ulbra, 2004 (2004).</ref> In 2004, [[Deutsche Welle]] cited the number of 5 million Brazilians of German descent.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/pt-br/as-diferentes-fases-da-imigra%C3%A7%C3%A3o-alem%C3%A3-no-brasil/a-1195367-0|title=As Diferentes Fases da Imigração Alemã no Brasil|website=[[Deutsche Welle]]|access-date=2021-01-21|archive-date=28 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128113857/https://www.dw.com/pt-br/as-diferentes-fases-da-imigra%C3%A7%C3%A3o-alem%C3%A3-no-brasil/a-1195367-0|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Hunsrückisch]] and [[East Pomeranian dialect|East Pomeranian]] are some of the most prominent groups.<ref name="Deutsche-Welle">{{cite web |url= http://www.passeiweb.com/na_ponta_lingua/sala_de_aula/geografia/geografia_do_brasil/demografia_imigracoes/brasil_imigracoes_alemanha |publisher= Deustche Welle |title= A Imigração Alemã no Brasil |language= pt |date= 25 July 2004 |access-date= 7 October 2012 |archive-date= 15 July 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110715050625/http://www.passeiweb.com/na_ponta_lingua/sala_de_aula/geografia/geografia_do_brasil/demografia_imigracoes/brasil_imigracoes_alemanha |url-status= dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lerncafe.de/aus-der-welt-1142/articles/pommern-in-brasilien.html|title=Pommern in Brasilien - LernCafe – Online-Journal zur allgemeinen Weiterbildung|website=www.lerncafe.de|access-date=7 November 2017|archive-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010211638/http://www.lerncafe.de/aus-der-welt-1142/articles/pommern-in-brasilien.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 
:By 1940, the German diaspora in Brazil amounted about a million.<ref name=Schoonover/>
:Around 14,000 German Citizens Registered in Brazil.
:There are 3 million German-speakers in Brazil,<ref name="Handwörterbuch" /> slightly over 1.5% of population.

* [[Chile]]: The German-Chilean Chamber of Commerce estimated at 500,000 the descendants of Germans, about 3% of the total population of Chile estimated at 16 million (in the same source).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dw.de/alemanes-en-chile-entre-el-pasado-colono-y-el-presente-empresarial/a-14958983-1| publisher=Deustche-Welle|date=31 March 2011|access-date=11 November 2012 |author=Luna Bolivar Manaut |title=Alemanes en Chile: entre el pasado colono y el presente empresarial |language=es}}</ref> There are 40,000 Standard German-speakers.<ref name=autogenerated2>[http://www.bpb.de/nachschlagen/lexika/handwoerterbuch-politisches-system/40236/auslandsdeutsche?p=1 Handwörterbuch des politischen Systems der Bundesrepublik] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130405003410/http://www.bpb.de/nachschlagen/lexika/handwoerterbuch-politisches-system/40236/auslandsdeutsche?p=1 |date=5 April 2013 }} (in German).</ref>
* [[Ecuador]]: Ecuador has only few people of German descent. Notable is a small German population on the Island of [[Floreana]] ([[Galapagos]]): Between 1929 and circa 1950, roughly half a dozen [[Simple living|''Aussteiger'']]s were living on the Island. In 1934 three of them died under unclear circumstances, these events caused international media attention called ''Galapagos-affair''. Today, the descendants of the Floreana-Germans have been assimilated into the local Ecuadorian population or re-immigrated to Germany.<ref>[https://www.faz.net/aktuell/gesellschaft/kriminalitaet/mord-auf-den-galapagos-hoelle-paradies-13018689.html Mord auf den Galápagos: Hölle Paradies - Kriminalität - FAZ]</ref><ref>[http://calnative.com/stories/n_ghosts.htm Galapagos Tours: Ghosts of the Galapagos]</ref>
* [[Paraguay]] : 166,000 Standard German-speakers (including 18,000 Mennonites, who don't speak ''Plattdeutsch'' or ''Mennonite Low German''), most Germans in Paraguay are of Brazilian descent and Portuguese speakers;<ref name="Lizcano-CR">{{cite web|url=http://convergencia.uaemex.mx/rev38/38pdf/LIZCANO.pdf |title=Composición Étnica de las Tres Áreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI |language=es |page=188 |access-date=12 June 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130626010236/http://convergencia.uaemex.mx/rev38/38pdf/LIZCANO.pdf |archive-date=26 June 2013}}</ref> plus 20,000 [[Plautdietsch language|Mennonite Low German]], spoken by Mennonites who live in [[Chaco Department|Chaco]] and Eastern Paraguay<ref name="Lizcano-CR"/> The [[Mennonites in Paraguay|Mennonites emigrated to Paraguay]] from [[Chihuahua State]] (in Mexico), the [[Soviet Union]], Canada, and Bolivia.<ref name=Mennonite>{{cite web|url=http://www.hshs.mb.ca/mennonite_old_colony_vision.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040716070837/http://www.hshs.mb.ca/mennonite_old_colony_vision.pdf|archive-date=2004-07-16|title=The Mennonite Old Colony Vision: ''Under siege in Mexico and the Canadian Connection''|access-date=2007-05-30}}</ref><ref name=Kuxi>{{cite web|url=http://www.kuwi.europa-uni.de/de/lehrstuhl/sw/sw1/mitarbeiter/rosenberg/lateinam.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102170531/http://www.kuwi.europa-uni.de/de/lehrstuhl/sw/sw1/mitarbeiter/rosenberg/lateinam.pdf |archive-date=2 November 2012|title=Deutsche Minderheiten in Lateinamerika |first=Peter |last=Rosenberg |access-date=2012-11-11}}</ref> Non-Mennonites German emigrated to Paraguay mainly from Brazil, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the German Empire.<ref name=Kuxi/>

:Those of German ancestry are 290,000, or 4.4% of Paraguayan population.<ref name=WorldStatesMen-Py>{{cite web|title=Paraguay|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Paraguay.html|publisher=WorldStatesMen|access-date=16 June 2013|quote=Ethnic groups: mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian) 85.6%, white 9.3% (of which German 4.4%, Latin American 3.4%), Amerindian 1.8%, black 1%, other 2.3% (2000)}}</ref>

* [[Peru]]: The communities of [[Oxapampa]], [[Pozuzo District|Pozuzo]], and [[Villa Rica District|Villa Rica]] in the high jungles of the Peruvian Amazon basin were settled in the middle of the 19th century by Austrian and Prussian immigrants. Many of its present-day inhabitants speak German<ref>{{cite web|author=Erwin Dopf |url=http://www.espejodelperu.com.pe/ca/per-ale/index.htm |title=Peruano-alemán |publisher=Espejodelperu.com.pe |access-date=2012-08-25}}</ref> In the 18th century, German immigrants settled the areas of [[Tingo Maria]], [[Tarapoto]], [[Moyobamba]], and the [[Amazonas (Peruvian department)|Amazonas Department]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://riie.com.pe/?a=37129 |title=POZUZO. Historia – caractersiticas generales – Antecedentes Caminos y vias :: antecedentes historicos clima flora y fauna posuso pozuso posuzo |publisher=Riie.com.pe |access-date=2012-08-25}}</ref> German immigrants largely settled in [[Lima]], and to a lesser extent [[Arequipa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090204024925/http://espejodelperu.com.pe/ca/per-ale/Huellas/Monumento.htm <!--Bot-generated title-->]</ref>
* [[Uruguay]]: By 1940, there were 50,000 Germans living in the country.<ref name=Schoonover/>
* [[Venezuela]]:

{{Main|Colonia Tovar}}