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== References == {{refbegin|2}} *{{cite web |author=American Geophysical Union |url=http://about.agu.org/our-science/ |title=Our Science |work=About AGU |year=2011 |access-date=30 September 2011 |ref={{harvid|AGU|2011}} |author-link=American Geophysical Union }} *{{cite web |title=About IUGG |url=http://www.iugg.org/about/ |year=2011 |access-date=30 September 2011 |ref={{harvid|IUGG|2011}} }} *{{cite web |title = AGUs Cryosphere Focus Group |url = http://www.agu.org/focus_group/cryosphere/ |year = 2011 |access-date = 30 September 2011 |ref = {{harvid|CFG|2011}} |archive-date = 16 November 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111116035839/http://www.agu.org/focus_group/cryosphere/ |url-status = dead }} *{{cite book |last1=Bozorgnia |first1= Yousef |last2= Bertero |first2=Vitelmo V. |title= Earthquake Engineering: From Engineering Seismology to Performance-Based Engineering |publisher=[[CRC Press]] |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8493-1439-1 }} *{{cite book |last1 = Chemin |first1 = Jean-Yves |first2 = Benoit |last2 = Desjardins |first3 = Isabelle |last3 = Gallagher | author3-link = Isabelle Gallagher |first4 = Emmanuel |last4 = Grenier |title = Mathematical geophysics: an introduction to rotating fluids and the Navier-Stokes equations |publisher = [[Oxford University Press]] |series = Oxford lecture series in mathematics and its applications |year = 2006 |isbn = 0-19-857133-X }} *{{cite book |last=Davies |first = Geoffrey F. |title=Dynamic Earth: Plates, Plumes and Mantle Convection |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2001 |isbn=0-521-59067-1 }} *{{cite journal |last1=Dewey |first1=James |first2=Perry |last2=Byerly |title=The Early History of Seismometry (to 1900) |journal=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America |year=1969 |volume=59 |issue=1 |pages=183β227 |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/topics/seismology/history/history_seis.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111123090130/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/topics/seismology/history/history_seis.php |archive-date=23 November 2011 }} *{{cite tech report |author=Defense Mapping Agency |number=TR 80-003 |year=1984 |orig-year=1959 |title=Geodesy for the Layman |publisher=National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency |url=http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/PUBS_LIB/Geodesy4Layman/toc.htm |access-date=30 September 2011 }} *{{cite book |title = Eratosthenes' "Geography" |author=Eratosthenes |others=Fragments collected and translated, with commentary and additional material by Duane W. Roller |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-691-14267-8 }} *{{cite web |first = C.M.R. |last = Fowler |author-link = Mary Fowler (geologist) |title = The Solid Earth: An Introduction to Global Geophysics |url = https://www.cambridge.org/sj/titles/solid-earth-introduction-global-geophysics-2nd-edition |year = 2005 |edition = 2 |publisher = [[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn = 0-521-89307-0 }} *{{cite web |title = GRACE: Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment |work = [[University of Texas at Austin]] Center for Space Research |url = http://www.csr.utexas.edu/grace/ |year = 2011 |access-date = 30 September 2011 |ref = {{harvid|CSR|2011}} |archive-date = 1 December 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091201022216/http://www.csr.utexas.edu/grace/ |url-status = dead }} *{{cite web |last1=Hardy |first1=Shaun J. |last2=Goodman |first2=Roy E. |title=Web resources in the history of geophysics |url=http://history.agu.org/hgc_web_resources.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130427182807/http://history.agu.org/hgc_web_resources.htm |archive-date=27 April 2013 |publisher=[[American Geophysical Union]] |year=2005 |access-date=30 September 2011 }} *{{cite journal |last1 = Harrison |first1 = R. 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Committee on Geodesy |year = 1985 |title = Geodesy: a look to the future |publisher = [[National Academies]] |url = https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19860002190.pdf }} *{{cite book |first1=Isaac |last1=Newton |title=The Principia, Mathematical principles of natural philosophy |others= A new translation by I Bernard Cohen and Anne Whitman, preceded by "A Guide to Newton's Principia" by I Bernard Cohen |publisher= [[University of California Press]] |year= 1999 |isbn= 978-0-520-08816-0 }} *{{cite book |last1=Opdyke |first1=Neil D. |last2=Channell |first2=James T. |title=Magnetic Stratigraphy |publisher = [[Academic Press]] |year=1996 |isbn=0-12-527470-X }} *{{cite book |last = Pedlosky |first = Joseph |title = Geophysical Fluid Dynamics |url = https://archive.org/details/geophysicalfluid00jose |url-access = registration |edition = Second |publisher = [[Springer-Verlag]] |year = 1987 |isbn = 0-387-96387-1 }} *{{cite book |last = Poirier |first = Jean-Paul |title = Introduction to the Physics of the Earth's Interior |series = Cambridge Topics in Mineral Physics & Chemistry |publisher = [[Cambridge University Press]] |year = 2000 |isbn = 0-521-66313-X }} *{{cite journal |last1=Pollack |first1=Henry N. |first2=Suzanne J. |last2=Hurter |first3=Jeffrey R. |last3=Johnson |title=Heat flow from the Earth's interior: Analysis of the global data set |journal=[[Reviews of Geophysics]] |volume= 31 |year=1993 |pages=267β280 |doi=10.1029/93RG01249 |issue=3 |bibcode = 1993RvGeo..31..267P }} *{{cite journal |last1=Renne |first1=P.R. |last2=Ludwig |first2=K.R. |last3=Karner |first3=D.B. |year=2000 |title=Progress and challenges in geochronology |journal=Science Progress |volume=83 |pages=107β121 |pmid=10800377 }} *{{cite book |last1=Reynolds |first1=John M. |title=An Introduction to Applied and Environmental Geophysics |year=2011 |publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]] |isbn=978-0-471-48535-3 }} *{{cite journal | last1=Richards |first1= M. A. |last2=Duncan |first2= R. A. |last3=Courtillot |first3=V. E. | title=Flood Basalts and Hot-Spot Tracks: Plume Heads and Tails | journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] | year=1989 | volume=246 | issue=4926 | pages=103β107 | doi=10.1126/science.246.4926.103 | bibcode=1989Sci...246..103R | pmid=17837768 |s2cid= 9147772 }} *{{cite book |last = Ross |first = D.A. |title = Introduction to Oceanography |year = 1995 |publisher = [[HarperCollins]] |isbn = 0-13-491408-2 |url-access = registration |url = https://archive.org/details/introductiontooc0000ross }} *{{cite book |first1=David |last1=Sadava |first2=H. Craig |last2=Heller |first3=David M. |last3=Hillis |first4=May |last4=Berenbaum |title=Life: The Science of Biology |publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-4292-1962-4 }} *{{cite news | first=Robert | last=Sanders | title=Radioactive potassium may be major heat source in Earth's core | publisher=UC Berkeley News | date=10 December 2003 | url=http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2003/12/10_heat.shtml | access-date=28 February 2007 }} *{{cite web |first1=Paul |last1=Sirvatka |year=2003 |url=http://weather.cod.edu/sirvatka/bergeron.html |title=Cloud Physics: Collision/Coalescence; The Bergeron Process |publisher=[[College of DuPage]] |access-date=31 August 2011 }} *{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Sheriff |first1=Robert E. |title=Geophysics |encyclopedia=Encyclopedic Dictionary of Exploration Geophysics |edition=3rd |year=1991 |publisher=Society of Exploration |isbn=978-1-56080-018-7 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopedicdict0000unse_h0w6 }} *{{cite book |last1 =Stein |first1 = Seth |last2 = Wysession |first2 = Michael |title = An introduction to seismology, earthquakes, and earth structure |year= 2003 |publisher = [[Wiley-Blackwell]] |isbn =0-86542-078-5 }} *{{cite book |last1=Telford |first1=William Murray |last2=Geldart |first2=L. 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