Editing Edward II of England (section)

===Burial and cult===
[[File:Gloucester Cathedral 20190210 143005 (33746070958).jpg|thumb|alt=photograph of Edward's tomb|Edward II's tomb at [[Gloucester Cathedral]]]]

Edward's body was [[embalmed]] at Berkeley Castle, where it was viewed by local leaders from Bristol and Gloucester.<ref>{{Harvnb|Burden|2004|p=16}}.</ref> It was then taken to [[Gloucester Abbey]] on 21 October, and on 20 December, Edward was buried by the [[high altar]], the funeral having probably been delayed to allow Edward&nbsp;III to attend in person.<ref>{{Harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=118}}; {{Harvnb|Burden|2004|pp=18–19}}.</ref>{{Efn|The historian Joel Burden notes that this delay in burial was not unusual for the period; the bodies of many other royalty, including Edward&nbsp;I and Isabella of France, remained unburied for a similar period.<ref>{{Harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=118}}.</ref>}} Gloucester was probably chosen because other abbeys had refused or been forbidden to take the king's body, and because it was close to Berkeley.<ref>{{Harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=118}}; {{Harvnb|Burden|2004|p=19}}; {{Harvnb|Haines|2003|pp=228–229}}.</ref>{{Efn|Although it was normal for Westminster Abbey to be used to bury English monarchs by the 14th century, the practice was not as formalised as it later became.<ref>{{Harvnb|Burden|2004|p=20}}.</ref>}} The funeral was a grand affair and cost £351 in total, complete with gilt lions, standards painted with [[gold leaf]] and oak barriers to manage the anticipated crowds.<ref>{{Harvnb|Burden|2004|pp=16–17, 25}}.</ref> Edward&nbsp;III's government probably hoped to put a veneer of normality over the recent political events, increasing the legitimacy of the young king's own reign.<ref>{{Harvnb|Burden|2004|pp=25–27}}.</ref>

A temporary wooden [[effigy]] with a copper crown was made for the funeral; this is the first known use of a funeral effigy in England, and was probably necessary because of the condition of the King's body, as he had been dead for three months.<ref>{{Harvnb|Duffy|2003|pp=106, 119}}; {{Harvnb|Burden|2004|p=21}}.</ref> Edward's heart was removed, placed in a silver container, and later buried with Isabella at [[Christ Church Greyfriars|Newgate Church]] in London.<ref>{{Harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=119}}.</ref> His tomb includes a very early example of an English [[alabaster]] effigy, with a [[tomb chest]] and a canopy made of [[oolite]] and [[Purbeck stone]].<ref name="Duffy2003PP119GloucesterWebsite">{{Harvnb|Duffy|2003|pp=119, 122}}; {{Cite web |year=2014 |title=Edward II's Tomb |url=http://www.gloucestercathedral.org.uk/index.php?page=edward-ii-tomb |access-date=22 April 2014 |publisher=Gloucester Cathedral |mode=cs2 |archive-date=6 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140306120611/http://www.gloucestercathedral.org.uk/index.php?page=edward-ii-tomb |url-status=dead}}.</ref> Edward was buried in the shirt, [[coif]] and gloves from his coronation, and his effigy depicts him as king, holding a [[sceptre]] and [[Sovereign's Orb|orb]], and wearing a strawberry-leaf crown.<ref>{{Harvnb|Duffy|2003|pp=106, 119}}.</ref> The effigy features a pronounced lower lip, and may be a close likeness of Edward.<ref>{{Harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=121}}.</ref>{{Efn|Earlier scholarship had argued that the effigy on the tomb was an idealised carving, although more recent work has put more emphasis on its likely resemblance to Edward&nbsp;II.<ref>{{Harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=121}}; {{Harvnb|Haines|2003|p=229}}.</ref>}}

Edward II's tomb rapidly became a popular site for visitors, probably encouraged by the local monks, who lacked an existing pilgrimage attraction.<ref>{{Harvnb|Duffy|2003|pp=119, 122}}; {{Harvnb|Ormrod|2004|pp=177–178}}.</ref> Visitors donated extensively to the abbey, allowing the monks to rebuild much of the surrounding church in the 1330s.<ref name=Duffy2003PP119GloucesterWebsite/> Miracles reportedly took place at the tomb, and modifications had to be made to enable visitors to walk around it in larger numbers.<ref>{{Harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=122}}; {{Cite web |year=2014 |title=Edward II's Tomb |url=http://www.gloucestercathedral.org.uk/index.php?page=edward-ii-tomb |access-date=22 April 2014 |publisher=Gloucester Cathedral |mode=cs2 |archive-date=6 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140306120611/http://www.gloucestercathedral.org.uk/index.php?page=edward-ii-tomb |url-status=dead}}.</ref> The chronicler [[Geoffrey le Baker]] depicted Edward as a saintly, tortured [[martyr]], and [[Richard&nbsp;II]] gave royal support for an unsuccessful bid to have Edward [[canonised]] in 1395.<ref>{{Harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=122}}; {{Harvnb|Ormrod|2004|p=179}}.</ref> The tomb was opened by officials in 1855, uncovering a wooden coffin, still in good condition, and a sealed lead coffin inside it.<ref>{{Harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=123}}; {{Harvnb|Haines|2003|p=232}}.</ref> The tomb remains in what is now [[Gloucester Cathedral]], and was extensively restored in 2007 and 2008 at a cost of over £100,000.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2014 |title=Edward II's Tomb |url=http://www.the-tls.co.uk/tls/reviews/history/article750063.ece |access-date=22 April 2014 |publisher=Gloucester Cathedral |mode=cs2 |archive-date=25 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325201619/http://www.the-tls.co.uk/tls/reviews/history/article750063.ece |url-status=dead}}.</ref>

{{Anchor|Controversial death}}