Editing Dalai Lama (section)

==== 9th Dalai Lama ====
{{Main|9th Dalai Lama}}

Born in Kham in 1805–6 amidst the usual miraculous signs the [[9th Dalai Lama|Ninth Dalai Lama, Lungtok Gyatso]] was appointed by the [[7th Panchen Lama]]'s search team at the age of two and enthroned in the Potala in 1808 at an impressive ceremony attended by representatives from China, Mongolia, Nepal and Bhutan. Exemption from using [[Golden Urn]] was approved by the Emperor.<ref>Mullin 2001, pp. 346–8.</ref><ref>Shakabpa 1984, p. 172.</ref> Tibetan historian Nyima Gyaincain and Wang Jiawei point out that the 9th Dalai Lama was allowed to use the seal of authority given to the late 8th Dalai Lama by the Emperor of China<ref name="Wang尼玛坚赞1997_p71">{{cite book |first1 = Jiawei |last1 = Wang |author2 = 尼玛坚赞 |title = The Historical Status of China's Tibet |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ak3SQTVS7acC&pg=PA71 |year = 1997 |publisher=五洲传播出版社 |isbn = 978-7-80113-304-5 |pages=71– }}</ref>

His second Regent Demo Tulku was the biographer of the 8th and 9th Dalai Lamas and though the 9th died at the age of 9, his biography is as lengthy as those of many of the early Dalai Lamas.<ref>Mullin 2001, p. 348.</ref> In 1793 under Manchu pressure, Tibet had closed its borders to foreigners.<ref>Shakabpa 1984, p. 173.</ref><ref>Richardson 1984, p. 71.</ref> In 1811, a British Sinologist, [[Thomas Manning (sinologist)|Thomas Manning]] became the first Englishman to visit Lhasa. Considered to be 'the first Chinese scholar in Europe'<ref>{{acad|id=MNN790T|name=Manning, Thomas}}</ref> he stayed five months and gave enthusiastic accounts in his journal of his regular meetings with the Ninth Dalai Lama whom he found fascinating: "beautiful, elegant, refined, intelligent, and entirely self-possessed, even at the age of six".<ref>Mullin 2001, 349–351.</ref> Three years later in March 1815 the young Lungtok Gyatso caught a severe cold and, leaving the [[Potala Palace]] to preside over the [[Monlam Prayer Festival]], he contracted pneumonia from which he soon died.<ref>Shakabpa 1984, p. 174.</ref><ref>Mullin 2001, p. 352.</ref>