Editing Cornish language (section)

== Culture ==
[[File:AnGofPlaqueBlackheath.jpg|thumb|right|Commemorative plaque in Cornish and English for [[Michael An Gof|Michael Joseph the Smith]] ({{lang|kw-uccor|An Gof}}) mounted on the north side of [[Blackheath, London|Blackheath]] common, south east London, near the south entrance to Greenwich Park]]
The [[Celtic Congress]] and [[Celtic League (political organisation)|Celtic League]] are groups that advocate cooperation amongst the Celtic Nations in order to protect and promote Celtic languages and cultures, thus working in the interests of the Cornish language.

There have been films such as {{lang|kw-kkcor|[[Hwerow Hweg]]}}, some televised, made entirely, or significantly, in Cornish. Some businesses use Cornish names.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cornish (Kernewek/Kernowek/Kernuak/Curnoack) |url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/cornish.htm |website=[[Omniglot]] |access-date=4 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Business Use |url=http://www.magakernow.org.uk/default.aspx?page=17 |website=MagaKernow.org.uk |publisher=[[Cornish Language Partnership]] |access-date=4 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160917143538/http://www.magakernow.org.uk/default.aspx?page=17 |archive-date=17 September 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Cornish has significantly and durably affected Cornwall's place-names as well as [[Cornish surnames]] and knowledge of the language helps the understanding of these ancient meanings. Cornish names are adopted for children, pets, houses and boats.<ref>{{cite news |title=Helping promote the Cornish language |url=https://www.falmouthpacket.co.uk/news/10078889.helping-promote-the-cornish-language/ |access-date=19 September 2021 |work=The Falmouth Packet |date=29 November 2012}}</ref>

There is Cornish literature, including spoken poetry and song, as well as traditional Cornish chants historically performed in marketplaces during religious holidays and public festivals and gatherings.

There are periodicals solely in the language, such as the monthly {{lang|kw-kkcor|An Gannas}}, {{lang|kw-kkcor|An Gowsva}} and {{lang|kw|An Garrick}}. [[BBC Radio Cornwall]] has a news broadcast in Cornish and sometimes has other programmes and features for learners and enthusiasts. Local newspapers such as the ''[[Western Morning News]]'' have articles in Cornish, and newspapers such as ''The Packet'', ''The West Briton'', and ''The Cornishman'' have also been known to have Cornish features. There is an online radio and TV service in Cornish called {{lang|kw-kkcor|Radyo an Gernewegva}}, publishing a one-hour podcast each week, based on a magazine format. It includes music in Cornish as well as interviews and features.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aagan Towlennow / Our Programmes |url=https://anradyo.com/ |website=Radyo an Gernewegva |access-date=28 November 2019}}</ref>

The language has financial sponsorship from sources including the [[Millennium Commission]]. A number of language organisations exist in Cornwall: {{lang|kw-uccor|[[Agan Tavas]]}} (Our Language), the Cornish sub-group of the [[European Bureau for Lesser-Used Languages]], {{lang|kw|[[Gorsedh Kernow]]}}, {{lang|kw-kkcor|[[Kesva an Taves Kernewek]]}} (the Cornish Language Board) and {{lang|kw-kkcor|[[Kowethas an Yeth Kernewek]]}} (the Cornish Language Fellowship).<ref>{{cite conference |last=Mills |first=Jon |title=Linguistic Relativity and Linguistic Determinism: Idiom in 20th Century Cornish |conference=New Directions in Celtic Studies Conference |date=November 2000 |url=http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED540362.pdf |access-date=24 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Stoyle |first=Mark |date=October 1999 |title=The Dissidence of Despair: Rebellion and Identity in Early Modern Cornwall |journal=[[Journal of British Studies]] |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=423–444 |jstor=175946 |doi=10.1086/386202 |s2cid=162279176}}</ref>

There are ceremonies, some ancient, some modern, that use the language or are entirely in the language.

[[File:Truro Cathedral welcome cropped.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Welcome sign at [[Truro Cathedral]] in several languages, including Cornish]]

=== Cultural events ===

Cornwall has had cultural events associated with the language, including the international [[Celtic Media Festival]], hosted in [[St Ives, Cornwall|St Ives]] in 1997. The [[Old Cornwall Society]] has promoted the use of the language at events and meetings. Two examples of ceremonies that are performed in both the English and Cornish languages are [[Crying the Neck]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://newquay.oldcornwall.org.uk/articles/crying_the_neck.shtml |title=Crying the Neck in Cornwall |work=Newquay.oldcornwall.org.uk |access-date=11 November 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708232916/http://newquay.oldcornwall.org.uk/articles/crying_the_neck.shtml |archive-date=8 July 2012}}</ref> and the annual mid-summer bonfires.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.redrutholdcornwall.org/bonfire.htm |title=Bonfire |work=RedruthOldCornwall.org |publisher=Redruth Old Cornwall Society |date=26 May 2012 |access-date=11 November 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114202557/http://www.redrutholdcornwall.org/bonfire.htm |archive-date=14 November 2012}}</ref>

Since 1969, there have been three full performances of the ''[[Ordinalia]]'', originally written in the Cornish language, the most recent of which took place at the [[plen-an-gwary]] in [[St Just in Penwith|St Just]] in September 2021. While significantly adapted from the original, as well as using mostly English-speaking actors, the plays used sizable amounts of Cornish, including a character who spoke only in Cornish and another who spoke both English and Cornish. The event drew thousands over two weeks, also serving as a celebration of [[Celts (modern)|Celtic culture]]. The next production, scheduled for 2024, could, in theory, be entirely in Cornish, without English, if assisted by a professional linguist.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Centuries-old Plays Helping to Revitalize a Once-lost Language |url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/ordinalia-play-revitalize-cornish |website=[[Atlas Obscura]] |date=18 November 2021 |access-date=30 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Cornwall to stage rare performance of 14th-century Ordinalia cycle |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/feb/04/cornwall-st-just-to-stage-rare-performance-of-14th-century-ordinalia-cycle |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=4 February 2021 |access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title='The Passion': review of the second play in St Just Ordinalia trilogy |url=https://www.cornwalllive.com/news/cornwall-news/the-passion-review-second-play-5932131 |first=Sam |last=Beamish |date=17 September 2021 |work=[[The Cornishman (newspaper)|CornwallLive]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ordinalia Trilogy UK's oldest plays to be performed in St Just |url=https://www.falmouthpacket.co.uk/news/19523879.ordinalia-trilogy-uks-oldest-plays-performed-st-just/ |work=The Falmouth Packet |date=19 August 2021 |access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref>

Outside of Cornwall, efforts to revive the Cornish language and culture through community events are occurring in Australia. A biennial festival, Kernewek Lowender, takes place in South Australia, where both cultural displays and language lessons are offered.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lowender |first=Kernewek |date=9 May 2023 |title=Home: Kernewek Lowender |url=https://www.kernewek.org/ |access-date=9 May 2023 |website=Kernewek Lowender Copper Coast Cornish Festival}}</ref>

=== Study and teaching ===
Cornish is taught in some schools; it was previously taught at degree level at the [[University of Wales]], though the only existing course in the language at university level is as part of a course in Cornish studies at the [[University of Exeter]].<ref>{{cite web |title=About the Institute |url=http://humanities.exeter.ac.uk/history/research/centres/ics/about/ |website=Humanities.Exeter.ac.uk |publisher=[[Institute of Cornish Studies]], [[University of Exeter]]}}</ref> In March 2008 a course in the language was started as part of the Celtic Studies curriculum at the [[University of Vienna]], Austria.
The [[University of Cambridge]] offers courses in Cornish through its John Trim Resources Centre, which is part of the university's Language Centre.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.langcen.cam.ac.uk/lc/index.html |title=The Language Centre |website=LangCen.Cam.ac.uk |publisher=[[University of Cambridge]]}}</ref> In addition, the [[Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic, University of Cambridge|Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic]] (which is part of the Faculty of English) also carries out research into the Cornish language.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.asnc.cam.ac.uk |title=The Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse & Celtic |website=ASNC.Cam.ac.uk |publisher=[[University of Cambridge]]}}</ref>

In 2015 a university-level course aiming at encouraging and supporting practitioners working with young children to introduce the Cornish language into their settings was launched. The ''Cornish Language Practice Project (Early Years)'' is a [[Qualifications and Credit Framework|level 4]] course approved by [[Plymouth University]] and run at [[Cornwall College (England)|Cornwall College]]. The course is not a Cornish-language course but students will be assessed on their ability to use the Cornish language constructively in their work with young children. The course will cover such topics as ''Understanding Bilingualism'', ''Creating Resources'' and ''Integrating Language and Play'', but the focus of the language provision will be on Cornish. A non-accredited specialist Cornish-language course has been developed to run alongside the level 4 course for those who prefer tutor support to learn the language or develop their skills for use with young children.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kevren |url=http://www.magakernow.org.uk/pdf/2014_12_Kevren_misKevardhu.pdf |access-date=24 January 2015 |website=MagaKernow.org.uk |publisher=[[Cornish Language Partnership]] |date=December 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128112341/http://www.magakernow.org.uk/pdf/2014_12_Kevren_misKevardhu.pdf |archive-date=28 January 2015}}</ref>

Cornwall's first Cornish-language [[day care|crèche]], {{lang|kw|Skol dy'Sadorn Kernewek}}, was established in 2010 at Cornwall College, [[Camborne]]. The nursery teaches children aged between two and five years alongside their parents to ensure the language is also spoken in the home.<ref name="Walesonline creche" />

A number of dictionaries are available in the various orthographies, including ''A Learners' Cornish Dictionary in the Standard Written Form'' by Steve Harris (ed.), {{lang|kw-kkcor|An Gerlyver Meur}} by [[Ken George]],{{sfn|George|2009}} {{lang|kw-ucrcor|Gerlyver Sawsnek–Kernowek}} by Nicholas Williams and ''A Practical Dictionary of Modern Cornish'' by [[Richard Gendall]]. Course books include the three-part {{lang|kw|Skeul an Yeth}} series, {{lang|kw-ucrcor|Clappya Kernowek}}, {{lang|kw|Tavas a Ragadazow}} and {{lang|kw|Skeul an Tavas}}, as well as the more recent {{lang|kw|Bora Brav}} and {{lang|kw-kscor|Desky Kernowek}}. Several online dictionaries are now available, including one organised by An Akademi Kernewek in SWF.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cornishdictionary.org.uk/ |title=Gerlyver Kernewek}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://glosbe.com/en/kw |title=Dictionary: English – Cornish |work=Glosbe}}</ref>

Classes and conversation groups for adults are available at several locations in Cornwall as well as in [[London]], [[Cardiff]] and [[Bristol]].<ref name="Maga: class list and map">{{cite web |title=Find a Class |url=http://www.learncornishnow.com/find-a-class.html |website=Learn Cornish Now |publisher=[[Cornish Language Office]] |access-date=11 December 2017 |archive-date=17 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170917032404/http://www.learncornishnow.com/find-a-class.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic a number of conversation groups entitled {{lang|kw|Yeth an Werin Warlinen}} have been held online, advertised through Facebook and other media. A surge in interest, not just from people in Cornwall but from all over the world, has meant that extra classes have been organised.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.exeter.ac.uk/news/homepage/title_870214_en.html |title=Learn Cornish in your own home as part of an exciting new online course |website=[[University of Exeter]] |date=2 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cornwallheritage.com/news-blogs/ertach-kernow-blogs/ertach-kernow-keep-it-kernewek/ |title=Ertach Kernow – Keep it Kernewek |website=Cornwall Heritage |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405131404/https://www.cornwallheritage.com/news-blogs/ertach-kernow-blogs/ertach-kernow-keep-it-kernewek/ |archive-date=5 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cornwall-60302511 |title=Cornish language has new learners after pandemic moves courses online |work=[[BBC News]] |date=9 February 2022 |first=Martha |last=Dixon}}</ref>

=== Cornish studies ===
[[William Scawen]] produced a manuscript on the declining Cornish language that continually evolved until he died in 1689, aged 89. He was one of the first to realise the language was dying out and wrote detailed manuscripts which he started working on when he was 78. The only version that was ever published was a short first draft but the final version, which he worked on until his death, is a few hundred pages long.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Spriggs |first=Matthew |date=1 May 2005 |title=William Scawen (1600-1689) - A Neglected Cornish Patriot and Father of the Cornish Language Revival |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/10.1386/corn.13.1.98_1 |journal=Cornish Studies |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=98–125 |doi=10.1386/corn.13.1.98_1 |issn=1352-271X}}</ref> At the same time a group of scholars led by [[John Keigwin]] (nephew of William Scawen) of Mousehole tried to preserve and further the Cornish language and chose to write in Cornish. One of their number, [[Nicholas Boson]], tells how he had been discouraged from using Cornish to servants by his mother.<ref>{{cite ODNB|title=Boson family (per. c. 1675–1730), preservers of the Cornish language |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-74428 |access-date=20 September 2021 |date=2004 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/74428 |isbn=9780198614128}}</ref> This group left behind a large number of translations of parts of the Bible, proverbs and songs. They were contacted by the Welsh linguist [[Edward Lhuyd]], who came to Cornwall to study the language.<ref>{{cite book |last=Ellis |first=Peter Berresford |author-link=Peter Berresford Ellis |title=The Cornish Language and Its Literature |date=1974 |publisher=[[Routledge|Routledge & Kegan Paul]] |isbn=9780710079282 |pages=82–94, 100–108}}</ref>

Early Modern Cornish was the subject of a study published by Lhuyd in 1707,<ref name="Lhuyd">{{cite book |last=Lhuyd |first=Edward |author-link=Edward Lhuyd |date=1707 |title=Archæologia Britannica: Giving some account additional to what has been hitherto publish'd, of the languages, histories and customs of the original inhabitants of Great Britain, from collections and observations in travels through Wales, Cornwall, Bas-Bretagne, Ireland, and Scotland; Vol. I. Glossography |location=Oxford |publisher=Edward Lhuyd and Mr. Bateman}}</ref> and differs from the medieval language in having a considerably simpler structure and grammar. Such differences included sound changes and more frequent use of auxiliary verbs.{{sfn|Wmffre|1998|p=4}} The medieval language also possessed two additional tenses for expressing past events and an extended set of possessive suffixes.

[[John Whitaker (historian)|John Whitaker]], the Manchester-born rector of [[Ruan Lanihorne]], studied the decline of the Cornish language. In his 1804 work ''the Ancient Cathedral of Cornwall'' he concluded that: "[T]he English Liturgy, was not desired by the Cornish, but forced upon them by the tyranny of England, at a time when the English language was yet unknown in Cornwall. This act of tyranny was at once gross barbarity to the Cornish people, and a death blow to the Cornish language."<ref>{{cite book |last=Jago |first=Fred W. P. |author-link=Fred W. P. Jago |orig-year=1882 |title=The Ancient Language and the Dialect of Cornwall |location=New York |publisher=AMS Press |date=1983 |pages=4}} Originally published in Netherton and Worth, Truro.</ref>

Robert Williams published the first comprehensive Cornish dictionary in 1865, the {{lang|la|Lexicon Cornu-Britannicum}}. As a result of the discovery of additional ancient Cornish manuscripts, 2000 new words were added to the vocabulary by [[Whitley Stokes (scholar)|Whitley Stokes]] in ''A Cornish Glossary''. William C. Borlase published ''Proverbs and Rhymes in Cornish'' in 1866 while ''A Glossary of Cornish Names'' was produced by John Bannister in the same year. [[Fred W. P. Jago|Frederick Jago]] published his ''English–Cornish Dictionary'' in 1882.

In 2002, the Cornish language gained new recognition because of the European Charter for Regional and Minority Languages. Conversely, along with government provision was the governmental basis of "New Public Management", measuring quantifiable results as means of determining effectiveness. This put enormous pressure on finding a single orthography that could be used in unison. The revival of Cornish required extensive rebuilding. The Cornish orthographies that were reconstructed may be considered versions of Cornish because they are not traditional sociolinguistic variations. In the middle-to-late twentieth century, the debate over Cornish orthographies angered more people because several language groups received public funding. This caused other groups to sense favouritism as playing a role in the debate.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Sayers |first=Dave |date=2012 |title=Standardising Cornish: The Politics Of A New Minority Language |url=http://shura.shu.ac.uk/10586 |journal=[[Language Problems and Language Planning]] |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=99–119 |doi=10.1075/lplp.36.2.01say |s2cid=143909573 |access-date=24 April 2017}}</ref>

A governmental policymaking structure called New Public Management (NPM) has helped the Cornish language by managing public life of the Cornish language and people. In 2007, the [[Cornish Language Partnership|Cornish Language Partnership MAGA]] represents separate divisions of government and their purpose is to further enhance the Cornish Language Developmental Plan. MAGA established an Ad-Hoc Group, which resulted in three orthographies being presented. The relations for the Ad-Hoc Group were to obtain consensus among the three orthographies and then develop a "single written form". The result was creating a new form of Cornish, which had to be natural for both new learners and skilled speakers.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Review of ''Faction and Faith. Politics and Religion of the Cornish Gentry before the Civil War; Law, Order and Government in Caernarfonshire, 1558–1640'' by Anne Duffin; ''Law, Order and Government in Caernarfonshire, 1558–1640. Justices of the Peace and the Gentry'' by John Gwynfor Jones |last=Holmes |first=Clive |journal=The English Historical Review |date=1998 |volume=113 |issue=450 |pages=177–179 |jstor=576240 |doi=10.1093/ehr/CXIII.450.177}}</ref>

=== Literature ===
{{Main|Cornish literature}}

==== Recent Modern Cornish literature ====
In 1981, the [[Brittany|Breton]] library {{lang|br|Preder}} edited {{lang|kw|Passyon agan arluth}} (Passion of our lord), a 15th-century Cornish poem.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.preder.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1245:PASSYON-AGAN-ARLUTH&catid=34:levriou&Itemid=55&lang=en |title=Passyon Agan Arluth |work=Preder.net |date=22 October 2009 |access-date=11 November 2012}}</ref> The first complete [[Bible translations into Cornish|translation of the Bible into Cornish]], translated from English, was published in 2011. Another Bible translation project translating from original languages is underway. The [[New Testament]] and [[Psalms]] were made available online on [[YouVersion]] (Bible.com) and Bibles.org in July 2014 by the Bible Society.

A few small publishers produce books in Cornish which are stocked in some local bookshops, as well as in Cornish branches of Waterstones and WH Smith, although publications are becoming increasingly available on the Internet.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cornish-language.org/Cornish-language-books.html |title=Kowethas an Yeth Kernewek Cornish Language Stock List}}</ref><ref>Examples of [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Kas-Dial-Cornish-Polin-Prys-ebook/dp/B00WQ3Y0WI Kas ha Dial] and [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Winnie-Pou-Cornish-Milne-ebook/dp/B00X69F6BU Winni-an-Pou] ebooks</ref> Printed copies of these may also be found from Amazon. The [[Truro]] Waterstones hosts the annual {{lang|kw|Holyer an Gof}} literary awards, established by {{lang|kw|[[Gorsedh Kernow]]}} to recognise publications relating to Cornwall or in the Cornish language.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.holyerangofawards.org.uk/ |title=Holyer an Gof Awards |access-date=21 January 2015}}</ref> In recent years, a number of Cornish translations of literature have been published, including ''[[Alice's Adventures in Wonderland]]'' (2009),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.evertype.com/books/alice-kw.html |title=Alys in Pow an Anethow |publisher=[[Michael Everson#Publishing at Evertype|Evertype]] |access-date=3 December 2014}}</ref> ''[[Around the World in Eighty Days]]'' (2009),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.evertype.com/books/adro-dhen-bys.html |title=Adro dhe'n Bÿs in Peswar Ugans Dëdh |publisher=[[Michael Everson#Publishing at Evertype|Evertype]] |access-date=3 December 2014}}</ref> ''[[Treasure Island]]'' (2010),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.evertype.com/books/treasure-island-kw.html |title=Enys Tresour |publisher=[[Michael Everson#Publishing at Evertype|Evertype]] |access-date=3 December 2014}}</ref> ''[[The Railway Children]]'' (2012),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.evertype.com/books/railway-children-kw.html |title=Flehes an Hens Horn |publisher=[[Michael Everson#Publishing at Evertype|Evertype]] |access-date=3 December 2014}}</ref> ''[[Hound of the Baskervilles]]'' (2012),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.evertype.com/books/hound-kw.html |title=Ky Teylu Baskerville |publisher=[[Michael Everson#Publishing at Evertype|Evertype]] |access-date=3 December 2014}}</ref> ''[[The War of the Worlds]]'' (2012),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.evertype.com/books/wotw-kw.html|title=Gwerryans an Planettys |publisher=[[Michael Everson#Publishing at Evertype|Evertype]] |access-date=3 December 2014}}</ref> ''[[The Wind in the Willows]]'' (2013),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.evertype.com/books/wind-in-the-willows-kw.html |title=An Gwyns i'n Helyk |publisher=[[Michael Everson#Publishing at Evertype|Evertype]] |access-date=3 December 2014}}</ref> ''[[Three Men in a Boat]]'' (2013),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.evertype.com/books/three-men-kw.html |title=Tredden in Scath (Heb Gwil Mencyon a'n Ky) |publisher=[[Michael Everson#Publishing at Evertype|Evertype]] |access-date=3 December 2014}}</ref> ''[[Alice's Adventures in Wonderland|Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass]]'' (2014),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kesva.org |title=Alys y'n Vro a Varthusyon ha Der an Gweder-Mires |publisher=[[Kesva an Taves Kernewek]]}}</ref> and ''[[A Christmas Carol]]''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cornish-language.org/Cornish-language-books.html |title=Karol Nadelik |publisher=[[Kowethas an Yeth Kernewek]]}}</ref> (which won the 2012 {{lang|kw|Holyer an Gof}} award for Cornish Language books), as well as original Cornish literature such as ''{{lang|kw|Jowal Lethesow}}''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.evertype.com/books/jowal.html |title=Jowal Lethesow |publisher=[[Michael Everson#Publishing at Evertype|Evertype]] |access-date=3 December 2014}}</ref> (''The [[Lyonesse]] Stone'') by [[Craig Weatherhill]]. Literature aimed at children is also available, such as {{lang|kw|Ple'ma Spot?}} (''Where's [[Spot the Dog|Spot]]?''), {{lang|kw|Best Goon Brèn}} (''The Beast of Bodmin Moor''), three ''[[Topsy and Tim]]'' titles,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cornish-language.org/Cornish-language-books.html |title=Topsy and Tim |publisher=[[Kowethas an Yeth Kernewek]]}}</ref> two ''[[The Adventures of Tintin|Tintin]]'' titles and {{lang|kw|Briallen ha'n Alyon}} (''Briallen and the Alien''), which won the 2015 {{lang|kw|Holyer an Gof}} award for Cornish Language books for children.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://sites.google.com/site/orssempel/publications/briallen-ha-n-alyon |title=Briallen ha'n Alyon |publisher=Ors Sempel}}</ref> In 2014 {{lang|kw-kscor|An Hobys}}, [[Nicholas Williams (poet)|Nicholas Williams]]'s translation of [[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s ''[[The Hobbit]]'', was published.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.evertype.com/books/hobys.html |title=An Hobys, pò An Fordh Dy ha Tre Arta |publisher=[[Michael Everson#Publishing at Evertype|Evertype]] |access-date=3 December 2014}}</ref>

{{lang|kw|[[An Gannas]]}} is a monthly magazine published entirely in the Cornish language. Members contribute articles on various subjects. The magazine is produced by Graham Sandercock who has been its editor since 1976.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cornish-language.org/An-Gannas-Cornish-language-magazine.html |title=An Gannas – Cornish language magazine |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722104746/http://www.cornish-language.org/An-Gannas-Cornish-language-magazine.html |archive-date=22 July 2019}}</ref>

=== Media ===
In 1983 [[BBC Radio Cornwall]] started broadcasting around two minutes of Cornish every week. In 1987, however, they gave over 15 minutes of airtime on Sunday mornings for a programme called {{lang|kw|Kroeder Kroghen}} ('[[Holdall]]'), presented by John King, running until the early 1990s.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/25205141 |title=The Celtic languages |date=1993 |last=Ball |first=Martin |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=New York / London |isbn=0415010357 |pages=652 |oclc=25205141}}</ref> It was eventually replaced with a five-minute news bulletin called {{lang|kw|An Nowodhow}} ('The News'). The bulletin was presented every Sunday evening for many years by [[Rod Lyon]], then Elizabeth Stewart, and currently a team presents in rotation.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/cornwall/connected/stories/cornish_news.shtml |title=Cornwall – Connected – Hear the news read in Cornish |work=[[BBC]] |access-date=28 May 2013}}</ref> [[Pirate FM]] ran short bulletins on Saturday lunchtimes from 1998 to 1999. In 2006, Matthew Clarke who had presented the Pirate FM bulletin, launched a web-streamed news bulletin called {{lang|kw|Nowodhow an Seythen}} ('Weekly News'), which in 2008 was merged into a new weekly magazine podcast {{lang|kw|[[Radyo an Gernewegva]]}} (RanG).

Cornish television shows have included a 1982 series by [[Westward Television]] with each episode containing a three-minute lesson in Cornish.{{sfn|Ball|1993|p=652}} {{lang|kw|An Canker-Seth}}, an eight-episode series produced by [[Television South West]] and broadcast between June and July 1984, later on [[S4C]] from May to July 1985, and as a schools programme in 1986.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.broadcastforschools.co.uk/site/An_Canker-Seth |title=An Canker-Seth |work=BroadcastForSchools.co.uk |date=31 December 2011 |access-date=28 May 2013}}</ref> Also by Television South West were two bilingual programmes on Cornish Culture called {{lang|kw|Nosweyth Lowen}}.{{sfn|Ball|1993|p=652}}
In 2016 Kelly's Ice Cream of [[Bodmin]] introduced a light hearted television commercial in the Cornish language and this was repeated in 2017.<ref>{{cite news |date=20 May 2016 |title=First Cornish TV ad to air weeks after language funding is axed |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/may/20/first-cornish-tv-ad-to-air-weeks-after-language-funding-is-axed |access-date=18 September 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>

The first episode from the third season of the US television program ''[[Deadwood (TV series)|Deadwood]]'' features a conversation between miners, purportedly in the Cornish language, but really in [[Irish language|Irish]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The other American Celts - the Cornish |url=http://www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/other-american-celts-cornwall |access-date=18 September 2021 |website=IrishCentral.com |date=23 February 2020}}</ref> One of the miners is then shot by thugs working for businessman [[George Hearst]] who justify the murder by saying, "He come at me with his foreign gibberish."

A number of Cornish language films have been made, including ''[[Hwerow Hweg]]'', a 2002 drama film written and directed by Hungarian film-maker Antal Kovacs and ''[[Trengellick Rising]]'', a short film written and directed by [[Guy Potter]].

Screen Cornwall works with Cornwall Council to commission a short film in the Cornish language each year, with their FilmK competition. Their website states "FylmK is an annual contemporary Cornish language short film competition, producing an imaginative and engaging film, in any genre, from distinctive and exciting filmmakers".<ref>{{Cite web |title=FylmK |url=https://www.screencornwall.com/fylmk |access-date=21 April 2022 |website=Screen Cornwall}}</ref>

A monthly half-hour online TV show began in 2017 called {{lang|kw|An Mis}} (The Month). It contained news items about cultural events and more mainstream news stories all through Cornish. It also ran a cookery segment called "{{lang|kw|italic=unset|Kegin Esther}}" ('Esther's Kitchen').<ref>{{Cite web |title=FylmK |url=https://anradyo.com/ |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=Radyo an Gernewegva}}</ref>

=== Music ===
English composer [[Peter Warlock]] wrote a Christmas carol in Cornish (setting words by Henry Jenner).<ref>{{cite web |title=Peter Warlock: Works |url=http://www.peterwarlock.org/PWWORKS.HTM#songs |publisher=The Peter Warlock Society |access-date=2 December 2019 |archive-date=2 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181202104554/http://www.peterwarlock.org/PWWORKS.HTM#songs |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Cornish electronic musician [[Aphex Twin]] has used Cornish names for track titles, most notably on his ''[[Drukqs]]'' album.

Several traditional Cornish folk songs have been collected and can be sung to various tunes. These include "{{lang|kw|italic=unset|[[An Awhesyth]]}}", "{{lang|kw|italic=unset|[[Bro Goth agan Tasow]]}}", and "{{lang|kw|italic=unset|[[Delkiow Sivy]]}}".

In 2018, the singer [[Gwenno Saunders]] released an album in Cornish, entitled {{lang|kw|[[Le Kov]]}}, saying: "I speak Cornish with my son: if you're comfortable expressing yourself in a language, you want to share it."<ref name="Gwenno">{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20180412-the-rebirth-of-britains-lost-languages |first=Holly |last=Williams |work=[[BBC News]] |title=The rebirth of Britain's 'lost' languages |date=12 April 2018 |access-date=13 April 2018}}</ref>

=== Place-names and surnames ===
{{See also|Cornish surnames}}

[[File:CornwallKernowMappa.png|thumb|right|Place-names translated into [[Standard Written Form|SWF]]]]

The Cornish language features in the [[toponymy]] of Cornwall, with a significant contrast between English place-names prevalent in eastern Cornwall and Cornish place-names to the west of the Camel-Fowey river valleys, where English place-names are much less common.<ref>{{cite book |last=Pye |title=Cornish Place-names in the Landscape |publisher=[[University of Exeter]] |date=2019 |pages=393}}</ref> Hundreds of Cornish family names have an etymology in the Cornish language, the majority of which are derived from Cornish place-names.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/964412220 |title=The Oxford dictionary of family names in Britain and Ireland |date=2016 |first1=Patrick |last1=Hanks |first2=Richard A. |last2=Coates |first3=Peter |last3=McClure |isbn=9780192527479 |edition=1st |publisher=Oxford University Press|pages=xxxi |oclc=964412220}}</ref> Long before the agreement of the [[Standard Written Form|Standard Written Form of Cornish]] in the 21st century, Late Cornish orthography in the [[Early Modern]] period usually followed Welsh to English transliteration, phonetically rendering C for K, I for Y, U for W, and Z for S. This meant that place names were adopted into English with spellings such as 'Porthcurno' and 'Penzance'; they are written {{lang|kw|Porth Kernow}} and {{lang|kw|Pen Sans}} in the Standard Written Form of Cornish, agreed upon in 2008. Likewise words such as {{lang|kw|Enys}} ('island') can be found spelled as ''{{lang|en-cornu|Ince}}'' as at [[Ince Castle]]. These apparent mistransliterations can, however, reveal an insight into how names and places were actually pronounced, explaining, for example, how anglicised {{lang|en-cornu|[[Launceston, Cornwall|Launceston]]}} is still pronounced [ˈlansǝn] with emphasis on the first element,<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/20669792 |title=BBC pronouncing dictionary of British names |date=1990 |publisher=Oxford University Press |first=G. E. |last=Pointon |isbn=0192827456 |edition=2nd |pages=140 |oclc=20669792}}</ref> perhaps from Cornish {{lang|kw|Lann Stefan}}, though the ''Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names'' considers this unlikely.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ekwall |first=Eilert |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/400936 |title=The concise Oxford dictionary of English place-names |date=1960 |isbn=0198691033 |edition=4th |publisher=Claredon Press |location=Oxford |pages=289 |oclc=400936}}</ref>

The following tables present some examples of Cornish place names and surnames and their anglicised versions:

{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
{| class="wikitable"
! English (anglicised)<br />place-name || Cornish place-name ||Translation
|-
| [[Truro]] || {{lang|kw|Truru}}{{sfn|George|2009|p=647}} ||Three Roads
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Falmouth, Cornwall|Falmouth]]}} || {{lang|kw|Aberfal}}{{sfn|George|2009|p=44}} || Mouth [of] Fal
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Newquay, Cornwall|Newquay]]}} || {{lang|kw|Tewynn Pleustri}}{{sfn|George|2009|p=624}} || Dunes [of] Pleustri
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Penzance]]}} || {{lang|kw|Pennsans}}{{sfn|George|2009|p=514}} || Head Holy i.e. Holy Headland
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Redruth]]}} || {{lang|kw|Rysrudh}}{{sfn|George|2009|p=866}} || Ford Red
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Camborne]]}} || {{lang|kw|Kammbronn}}{{sfn|George|2009|p=717}} || Camm (crooked) Hill
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[St Austell]]}} || {{lang|kw|Sen Ostell}}{{sfn|George|2009|p=573}} || Saint Ostel
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Bodmin]]}} || {{lang|kw|Bosvenegh}}{{sfn|George|2009|p=102}} || Abode [of] Monks
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Liskeard]]}} || {{lang|kw|Lyskerrys}}{{sfn|George|2009|p=432}} || Court [of the] Crossroads
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Launceston, Cornwall|Launceston]]}} || {{lang|kw|Lannstefan}}{{sfn|George|2009|p=408}} || Land [of] [[St Stephen]]
|}
{{col-2}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! English (anglicised) surname || Cornish surname || Translation
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Angwin (disambiguation)|Angwin]]}} || {{lang|kw|An Gwynn}} || 'The White'
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|Angove}} || {{lang|kw|An Gov}} || 'The Smith'
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Ellery (surname)|Ellery]]}} || {{lang|kw|Elerghi}} || Either a dialectal variant of [[Hilary (name)|Hilary]] (from [[Latin]] {{lang|la|Hilarius}}),<ref>{{cite web |title=Ellery Family History |url=https://www.ancestry.co.uk/name-origin?surname=ellery |access-date=28 November 2018 |website=[[Ancestry.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Last Name: Ellery |url=http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Ellery |access-date=28 November 2018 |website=SurnameDB}}</ref><br />or from the parish of {{lang|kw|[[Veryan|Elerghi]]}}, meaning 'swan river'.
|-
|{{lang|en-cornu| [[Chenoweth]]}} || {{lang|kw|Chi Nowydh}} || 'New house'<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hanks |first1=Patrick |last2=Hodges |first2=Flavia |title=The Oxford Names Companion |date=2002 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=0198605617 |page=125}}</ref>
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Pascoe]]}} || {{lang|kw|Pask}} || 'Easter/Passion'
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|Curnow}} || {{lang|kw|Kernow}} || 'Cornwall'
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Teague (disambiguation)|Teague]]}} || {{lang|kw|Teg}} || 'Fair/Beautiful'
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Trevithick]]}} || {{lang|kw|Trevuthik}} || Possibly 'Homestead of the doctor'<ref>{{cite web |title=Trevithick Family History |url=https://www.ancestry.co.uk/name-origin?surname=trevithick |access-date=28 November 2018 |website=[[Ancestry.com]]}}</ref>
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Goldsworthy (name)|Goldsworthy]]}} || {{lang|kw|Golerewi}} || From {{lang|kw|gool-erewi}}, literally meaning 'feast-acre'.<ref>{{cite web |title=An English - Cornish Glossary in the Standard Written Form |url=http://www.kernewegva.com/PDFs/glossary_140810.pdf |first1=Albert |last1=Bock |first2=Benjamin |last2=Bruch |first3=Neil |last3=Kennedy |first4=Daniel |last4=Prohaska |first5=Laurence |last5=Rule |date=14 August 2010 |work=Kernewegva.com |access-date=19 August 2020}}</ref>
|-
| {{lang|en-cornu|[[Tremaine]]}} || {{lang|kw|Tremayn}} || 'Mean/Middle town'
|}
{{col-end}}