Editing Continuation War (section)

===Finland and Germany===
{{See also|Finlandization|Paasikivi–Kekkonen doctrine|Karelian question|History of Germany (1945–90)}}
[[File:Finnish areas ceded in 1944.png|thumb|Areas ceded by Finland to the Soviet Union following the [[Moscow Armistice]] displayed in red.]]
According to Finnish historians, the casualties of the Finnish Defence Forces amounted to 63,204 dead or missing and around 158,000 wounded.{{Sfn|Kinnunen|Kivimäki|2011|p=172}}{{Sfn|Nenye|Munter|Wirtanen|Birks|2016|p=320}}{{refn|A detailed list of Finnish dead is as follows:{{sfn|Leskinen|Juutilainen|2005|pp=1150–1162}}
* Dead, buried: 33,565;
* Wounded, died of wounds: 12,820;
* Dead, not buried, declared as dead: 4,251;
* Missing, declared as dead: 3,552;
* Died as prisoners-of-war: 473;
* Other reasons (diseases, accidents, suicides): 7,932;
* Unknown: 611.|group="lower-alpha"}} Officially, the Soviets captured 2,377 [[Finnish prisoners of war in the Soviet Union|Finnish prisoners-of-war]], but Finnish researchers estimated the number to be around 3,500 prisoners.{{sfn|Leskinen|Juutilainen|2005|pp=1022–1032}} A total of 939 Finnish civilians died in air raids and 190 civilians were killed by Soviet partisans.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />{{sfn|Leskinen|Juutilainen|2005|pp=1150–1162}}{{Sfn|Nenye|Munter|Wirtanen|Birks|2016|p=320}} Germany suffered approximately 84,000 casualties in the Finnish front: 16,400 killed, 60,400 wounded and 6,800 missing.{{Sfn|Nenye|Munter|Wirtanen|Birks|2016|p=320}} In addition to the original peace terms of restoring the 1940 border, Finland was required to [[Finnish war reparations to the Soviet Union|pay war reparations to the USSR]], conduct [[war-responsibility trials in Finland|domestic war-responsibility trials]], cede the municipality of Petsamo and lease the [[Porkkalanniemi|Porkkala Peninsula]] to the Soviets, as well as ban [[fascist]] elements and allow left-wing groups, such as the [[Communist Party of Finland]].{{sfn|Vehviläinen|2002|pp=147–149}} A Soviet-led [[Allied Control Commission]] was installed to enforce and monitor the peace agreement in Finland.{{sfn|Mouritzen|1997|p=35}} The requirement to disarm or expel any German troops left on Finnish soil by 15 September 1944 eventually escalated into the [[Lapland War]] between Finland and Germany and the evacuation of the 200,000-strong 20th Mountain Army to Norway.{{Sfn|Nenye|Munter|Wirtanen|Birks|2016|pp=279–280, 320–321}}

The Soviet demand for $600 million in war indemnities was reduced to $300 million (equivalent to ${{#expr:({{Inflation|US|300|1938|r=-2}}/1000)}} billion in {{Inflation-year|US}}), most likely because of pressure from the US and the UK. After the ceasefire, the Soviets insisted for the payments to be based on 1938 prices, which doubled the de facto amount.{{sfn|Ziemke|2002|p=390}}{{sfn|Vehviläinen|2002|pp=147–149}} The temporary Moscow Armistice was finalised without changes later in the [[1947 Paris Peace Treaties]].{{sfn|Vehviläinen|2002|p=162}} Henrik Lunde noted that Finland survived the war without losing its independence, unlike many of Germany's allies.{{sfn|Lunde|2011|p=379}} Likewise, Helsinki, along with Moscow, was the only capital of a combatant nation that was not occupied in Continental Europe.{{Sfn|Nenye|Munter|Wirtanen|Birks|2016|p=320}} In the longer term, Peter Provis analysed that by following self-censorship and limited appeasement policies as well as by fulfilling the Soviet demands, Finland avoided the fate of other nations that were annexed by the Soviets.<ref name="Provis1999">{{cite journal|url=http://diemperdidi.info/nordicnotes/vol03/articles/provis.html|last=Provis|first=Peter|title=Finnish achievement in the Continuation War and after|issn=1442-5165|year=1999|publisher=Flinders University|journal=Nordic Notes|volume=3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103202028/http://diemperdidi.info/nordicnotes/vol03/articles/provis.html|archive-date=3 November 2013}}</ref>
Because of Soviet pressure, Finland decided not to accept economic aid from the [[Marshall Plan]].{{sfn|Kirby|2006|p=240}} On 6 April 1948, Finland and the Soviet Union agreed to sign the Finno-Soviet Treaty of 1948, which was introduced since Finland wanted more political independence from the USSR and the Soviets sought to prevent Finland from being used by Western powers to invade the USSR.{{sfn|Jakobson|1969|p=41}} On 19 September 1955, Finland and the Soviet Union agreed to extend the Finno-Soviet Treaty of 1948 and the Soviets also agreed to return the Porkkala Peninsula to Finland. In January 1956, twelve years after the beginning of the lease in 1944, the Soviets withdrew from [[Porkkala Naval Base|their naval base on Porkkala]] and the peninsula was returned to Finnish sovereignty.{{sfn|Jakobson|1969|pp=45–47}}

Many civilians who had been displaced after the Winter War had moved back into Karelia during the Continuation War and so had to be [[evacuation of Finnish Karelia|evacuated from Karelia again]]. Of the 260,000 civilians who had returned to Karelia, only 19 chose to remain and become Soviet citizens.{{sfn|Hietanen|1992|pp=130–139}} Most of the Ingrian Finns, together with [[Votians|Votes]] and [[Izhorians]] living in German-occupied Ingria, had been evacuated to Finland in 1943–1944. After the armistice, Finland was forced to return the evacuees.{{Sfn|Taagepera|2013|p=144}} Soviet authorities did not allow the 55,733 returnees to resettle in Ingria and [[deportations of the Ingrian Finns|deported the Ingrian Finns]] to central regions of the Soviet Union.{{Sfn|Taagepera|2013|p=144}}{{Sfn|Scott|Liikanen|2013|pp=59–60}}