Editing Cimmerians (section)

=====Invasion of Phrygia=====
With Urartu incapable of stopping the Cimmerian advance,{{sfn|Adalı|2017|p=67}} some time around {{c.|675 BC}},{{sfn|Ivantchik|1993a|p=73-74}} under their king Dugdammî{{sfn|Phillips|1972|p=132}}{{sfn|Adalı|2017|p=63}}{{sfn|Cunliffe|2019|p=33}} (the Lygdamis of the Greek authors{{sfn|Adalı|2017|p=63}}{{sfn|Cunliffe|2019|p=33}}{{sfn|Adalı|2023|p=214}}), the western [[Cimmerian invasion of Phrygia|Cimmerians invaded and destroyed]] the empire of [[Phrygia]], whose king [[Midas]] committed suicide, and sacked its capital of [[Gordion]],<ref>{{Unbulleted list citebundle|{{harvnb|Grousset|1970|p=8}}|{{harvnb|Phillips|1972|p=132}}|{{harvnb|Vaggione|1973|p=526}}|{{harvnb|Cook|1982|p=196}}|{{harvnb|Diakonoff|1985|p=95}}|{{harvnb|Young|1988|p=20}}|{{harvnb|Mellink|1991|p=624}}|{{harvnb|Sulimirski|Taylor|1991|p=559}}|{{harvnb|Tokhtas’ev|1991}}|{{harvnb|Harmatta|1996|p=181}}|{{harvnb|Olbrycht|2000a|p=92}}|{{harvnb|Bouzek|2001|p=38}}|{{harvnb|de Boer|2006|p=44}}|{{harvnb|Ivantchik|2006|p=148}}|{{harvnb|Adalı|2017|p=67}}|{{harvnb|Cunliffe|2019|p=33}}|{{harvnb|Cunliffe|2019|p=106}}|{{harvnb|Kõiv|2022|pp=273–274}}|{{harvnb|Kõiv|2022|pp=288–289}}|{{harvnb|Adalı|2023|p=213}}}}</ref> although they appear to have neither settled within the city nor destroyed its fortifications.{{sfn|Mellink|1991|p=634}}

The western Cimmerians consequently settled in Phrygia{{sfn|Adalı|2017|p=63}} and subdued part of the [[Phrygians]]{{sfn|Ivantchik|1993a|p=74}}{{sfn|Kõiv|2022|p=263}} so that they controlled a large area consisting of Phrygia from its western limits which bordered on [[Lydia]] to its eastern boundaries neighbouring the Neo-Assyrian Empire,{{sfn|Ivantchik|1993a|p=69}} after which they made [[Cappadocia]] into their centre of operations.<ref>{{unbulleted list citebundle|{{harvnb|Grousset|1970|p=8}}|{{harvnb|Phillips|1972|p=136}}|{{harvnb|Sulimirski|Taylor|1991|p=559}}|{{harvnb|Tokhtas’ev|1991}}|{{harvnb|Adalı|2023|p=213}}}}</ref>

These western Cimmerians soon became sedentary, and by {{c.|670 BC}}, they had established their rule over native Anatolian settlements as well as formed their own settlements in Central Anatolia, with the city of Ḫarzallē or Ḫarṣallē being the capital city of the Cimmerian king Dugdammî. Each of these settlements had rulers referred to by Neo-Assyrian sources as {{lit|city-lords}} ({{langx|akk-x-neoassyr|{{cuneiform|11|𒇽𒂗𒌷𒈨𒌍}}|translit=bēl ālāni}}): these administrators consisted of both Cimmerians and members of other ethnic groups who lived within Dugdammî's kingdom.<ref>{{Unbulleted list citebundle|{{harvnb|Ivantchik|1993a|pp=103–104}}|{{harvnb|Adalı|2017|p=64}}|{{harvnb|Adalı|2023|p=214}}|{{harvnb|Adalı|2023|p=216}}|{{harvnb|Adalı|2023|pp=218–219}}}}</ref>

According to a tradition later recorded by [[Stephanus of Byzantium]], the Cimmerians found several tens of thousands of [[Medimnos|{{Transliteration|grc|medimnoi}}]] of wheat in the underground granaries of the Phrygian village of Syassos that they used as food for a long time.{{sfn|Ivantchik|1993a|p=69}}{{sfn|Adalı|2023|p=213}}