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===Etymology=== The name ''cerebellum'' is a diminutive of ''cerebrum'' (brain);<ref>{{cite book| vauthors=Lewis CT, Short C |year=1879 |title=A Latin dictionary founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary |location=Oxford |publisher=Clarendon Press}}</ref> it can be translated literally as ''little brain''. The Latin name is a direct translation of the Ancient Greek παρεγκεφαλίς (''parenkephalis''), which was used in the works of Aristotle, the first known writer to describe the structure.<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=Marshall LH, Magoun HW |year=1998 |title=Discoveries in the human brain. Neuroscience prehistory, brain structure, and function |location=Totowa |publisher=Humana Press}}</ref> No other name is used in the English-language literature, but historically a variety of Greek or Latin-derived names have been used, including ''cerebrum parvum'',<ref name="Foster1891">{{cite book | vauthors= Foster FD |year=1891 |title=An illustrated medical dictionary |location=New York |publisher=D. Appleton and Company}}</ref> ''encephalion'',<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Kraus LA |year=1844 |title=Kritisch-etymologisches medicinisches Lexikon'' (Dritte Auflage)'' |location=Göttingen |publisher=Verlag der Deuerlich- und Dieterichschen Buchhandlung}}</ref> ''encranion'',<ref name=Foster1891/> ''cerebrum posterius'',<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Schreger CH |year=1805 |title=Synonymia anatomica. Synonymik der anatomischen Nomenclatur |location=Fürth}}</ref> and ''parencephalis''.<ref name=Foster1891/>
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