Editing Banks Peninsula (section)

== Bays ==
<!-- Clockwise from the North -->
The inland valleys of the [[Port Hills]] known as McCormacks Bay and [[Moncks Bay]] are bays of the [[Avon Heathcote Estuary]], rather that coastal bays of Banks Peninsula. Working around the coast from north to south one encounters:

=== Sumner Bay ===
[[File:Sumner Head (left) with Rapanui Rock (right), Christchurch, New Zealand.jpg|thumb|400px|Sumner Bay from Rapanui to Scarborough]]

[[Sumner, New Zealand|Sumner Bay]] marks the coastal transition from the long sandy beach of [[Pegasus Bay]] and the lowlands of the [[Canterbury Plains]] to the rocky cliffs of Banks Peninsula. While Sumner is politically and socially considered a suburb of Christchurch, the high [[Clifton, Christchurch|Clifton]] cliffs and the post of volcanic rock on the beach, known locally as [[Rapanui Rock|Rapanui]], or Shag Rock, mark the place where the coastal plains meet the peninsula.

=== Taylors Mistake ===
[[File:Taylors Mistake 27.jpg|thumb|Taylors Mistake (2021)]]

[[Taylors Mistake]] is a Christchurch swimming beach with a number of holiday houses lining the bay. Originally, it was known as Vincent's Bay as a result of a Captain John Vincent wrecking his schooner in the bay. It became known as Taylors Mistake in 1853 after another ship wreck in the bay. This time, a Captain Samuel Taylor wrecked his cutter named ''Hawk'' at night time. Taylors Mistake is known as Te One-poto in Māori.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ogilvie|first=Gordon|title=Place Names of Banks Peninsula and the Port Hills|publisher=Canterbury University Press|year=2017|location=New Zealand|page=277}}</ref>

=== Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō ===
[[Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō]] is a harbour within Banks Peninsula. Within the harbour lies [[Ōtamahua / Quail Island]] and [[Ripapa Island]].[[File:Lyttelton Harbour 30.jpg|thumb|Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō and Ōtamahua / Quail Island (2016)]]

=== Port Levy ===
[[Port Levy]] is the most north facing of the bays on Banks Peninsula. It has been visited by Europeans since the 1820s and known as Koukourarata in Māori.<ref>{{Cite web|title='Heaven' in Koukourārata|url=https://ngaitahu.iwi.nz/our_stories/heaven-koukourarata/|access-date=21 December 2020|website=Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu|language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=27 February 2013|title=The Red Rocks Of Te Ngarara – Port Levy|url=https://www.peelingbackhistory.co.nz/red-rocks-of-te-ngarara-port-levy/|access-date=21 December 2020|website=Discover The Delights Of Peeling Back History|language=en-US}}</ref>[[File:Port Levy 27.jpg|thumb|Port Levy (December 2020)]]

=== Pigeon Bay ===
[[File:Pigeon Bay 27.jpg|thumb|Pigeon Bay (December 2020)]]

Pigeon Bay has a walking track which follows the eastern side of Pigeon bay out to the head of the bay. It takes about 4 or 5 hours to walk there and back. It has spectacular coastal views.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pigeon Bay Walkway|url=https://www.doc.govt.nz/parks-and-recreation/places-to-go/canterbury/places/banks-peninsula-area/things-to-do/pigeon-bay-walkway/|access-date=21 December 2020|website=www.doc.govt.nz|language=en-nz}}</ref> There are a number of holiday homes in Pigeon bay as well as a yacht club and a camping ground. Pigeon Bay most likely gained its name from early whalers seeing the large number of pigeons ([[kererū]]) in the forests of Pigeon Bay. The first reference to Pigeon Bay was in 1836.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Ogilvie|first=Gordon|title=Place Names of Banks Peninsula and the Port Hills|publisher=Canterbury University Press|year=2017|location=New Zealand|pages=206–207}}</ref>

Captain Langlois celebrated his "purchase" of Banks Peninsula on 9 August 1840 by raising the French flag and conducting a 101 gun salute at Pigeon Bay.<ref name=":2" />

HMS ''Britomart'' visited Pigeon Bay towards the end of August 1840 conducting the first hydrographic survey and reinforcing British sovereignty of Banks Peninsula.<ref name=":2" />

=== Little Akaloa ===
[[File:Little akaloa 27.jpg|thumb|The turnoff to Little Akaloa (December 2020)]]

[[Little Akaloa]] is named "little" to distinguish it from Akaroa. The spelling difference reflecting earlier local Māori pronunciation of 'r' as 'l'. It was spelt Hakaroa until 1864.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Little Akaloa {{!}} NZHistory, New Zealand history online|url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/keyword/little-akaloa|access-date=21 December 2020|website=nzhistory.govt.nz}}</ref> Feral goats have been a problem in Little Akaloa but a successful cull of them in early 2019 is helping eradication efforts on Banks Peninsula.<ref>{{Cite web|date=25 October 2019|title=Wild goats on Canterbury's Banks Peninsula in the crosshairs|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/environment/116773404/wild-goats-on-canterburys-banks-peninsula-in-the-crosshairs|access-date=21 December 2020|website=Stuff|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tom |first1=MacTavish |title=2018 Little Akaloa feral goat removal operation: result report |url=https://roddonaldtrust.co.nz/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/R141668-Feral-Goat-Removal-operation-report-WEB.pdf |publisher=Department of Conservation |access-date=14 April 2025 |date=2018}}</ref>

A moonfish (150&nbsp;cm long) washed up on the beach at Little Akaloa in 2013. They are more commonly found further north.<ref>{{Cite web|date=28 January 2013|title='Huge' fish attracts attention in Little Akaloa|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/8232204/Huge-fish-attracts-attention-in-Little-Akaloa|access-date=21 December 2020|website=Stuff|language=en}}</ref>

Farming around Little Akaloa is a mainstay of the economy.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1 May 2015|title=Business and farming combine in environmental care|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/beef/68137524/business-and-farming-combine-in-environmental-care|access-date=21 December 2020|website=Stuff|language=en}}</ref> with accommodation providers being a second.<ref>{{Cite web|date=5 May 2019|title=Living large in a tiny home in Little Akaloa|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/travel/destinations/nz/112373284/southern-stays-living-large-in-a-tiny-home-in-little-akaloa|access-date=21 December 2020|website=Stuff|language=en}}</ref> Camping at the Little Akaloa Domain is popular in summer. The beach has a boat ramp.

=== Okains Bay ===
[[File:Okains bay plane.jpg|thumb|A light aircraft lands on the beach at Okains Bay]]

[[Okains Bay]] has a holiday camp ground and a large sandy beach.

=== Le Bons Bay ===
[[File:Le Bons Bay 960.jpg|thumb|Le Bons Bay (November 2018)]]

Le Bons Bay has a large often empty beach. There is a small settlement of holiday houses. It is surrounded by rolling hills. A river empties into the sea where [[Arctocephalus forsteri|New Zealand Fur Seals]] often frolic.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=13 December 2018|title=Christchurch's hidden beach gems, in time for summer|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/travel/destinations/nz/109328006/christchurchs-hidden-beach-gems-in-time-for-summer|access-date=21 December 2020|website=Stuff|language=en}}</ref> First known as Bones bay in 1845, it became known as Le Bons Bay. It is suggested that this was either that a French settler named Le Bon lived there, or that early French settlers called it "The good bay" or that it is a corruption of Bones bay.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last=Ogilvie|first=Gordon|title=Place Names of Banks Peninsula and the Port Hills|publisher=Canterbury University Press|year=2017|location=New Zealand|pages=134–135}}</ref>

[[John Cuff (politician)|John Cuff]] and William Cudden established a timber mill in Le Bons Bay in 1857. By 1878, the population of Le Bons Bay reached 237. At this stage, the timber had all been milled and the timber mill was moved to Hickory Bay until 1886.<ref name=":4" />

=== Hickory Bay ===
Hickory Bay is known as having a beach that provides good surfing.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hickory Bay {{!}} Surf Seeker {{!}} NZ Surf Guide|url=http://surfseeker.nz/surf_breaks/canterbury/hickory-bay|access-date=21 December 2020|website=surfseeker.nz}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Banks Peninsula – Hickory Bay Surf Forecast and Surf Reports (Canterbury, New Zealand)|url=https://www.surf-forecast.com/breaks/Hickory-Bay|access-date=21 December 2020|website=www.surf-forecast.com}}</ref> It is east facing. It is known in Māori as Waikerikikari, the Bay of Angry Waters, and was never permanently settled by Māori.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Waikerikikari — Hickory Bay|url=https://my.christchurchcitylibraries.com/ti-kouka-whenua/waikerikikari/|access-date=21 December 2020|website=my.christchurchcitylibraries.com|language=en-NZ}}</ref>

The Ellangowan Scenic Reserve walk is located just below the Summit road in Hickory Bay.

=== Goughs Bay ===
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Goughs Bay was home to a pā in the 1820s with around 100 people living there. The residents were fugitives from the Kai Huānga feud.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title=Ōkururu / Ōkaruru — Goughs Bay|url=https://my.christchurchcitylibraries.com/ti-kouka-whenua/okururu-okaruru/|access-date=9 July 2021|website=my.christchurchcitylibraries.com|language=en-NZ}}</ref> In 1830 the pā was attacked by [[Te Maiharanui]] and again in 1832 by [[Te Rauparaha]]’s raiding parties.<ref name=":6" />

Goughs Bay is most likely named after a whaler, Walter Gough, who was put ashore at the bay in 1836 after an attempted mutiny on the whaling barque ''Australian.'' He lived there in the Māori community for many years. Goughs Bay was first referenced in 1858 when Elie Bauriaud, who originally arrived on the ''Comte de Paris'', purchased land there.<ref name=":5" />

Goughs Bay is a surfing location with an exposed beach break that provides consistent surf throughout the year.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banks Peninsula – Gough Bay Surf Forecast and Surf Reports (Canterbury, New Zealand)|url=https://www.surf-forecast.com/breaks/Gough-Bay|access-date=9 July 2021|website=www.surf-forecast.com}}</ref>

In 2021, funding was put aside to protect and fence the upper Goughs Bay stream catchment. The aims were to exclude stock, allow native bush to regenerate and improve the water quality. [[Matai (tree)|Mataī]] and [[tōtara]] trees will be protected as well as a range of native animals.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Goughs Bay fantastic for conservation|url=https://www.ecan.govt.nz/get-involved/news-and-events/zone-news/banks-peninsula/goughs-bay-fantastic-for-conservation/|access-date=9 July 2021|website=Environment Canterbury|date=5 January 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref>

A significant rain storm in December 2021 caused damage to the access road to Goughs Bay, with a number of slips making the road impassable.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Walton |first=Jonathan Guildford, Lee Kenny, Hanna McCallum and Steven |date=15 December 2021 |title=Evacuations, slips and roads closed despite less rain than feared for Canterbury |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/127284974/things-are-really-grim-evacuations-slips-as-extreme-rain-event-hits-canterbury |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=16 December 2021 |title=Canterbury Bays cut off as torrential rain causes flooding damage |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/458086/canterbury-bays-cut-off-as-torrential-rain-causes-flooding-damage |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=[[RNZ]] |language=en-nz}}</ref> Five weeks later, the road was still closed because of the 34 slips blocking the access road.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2022 |title=Frustration as Goughs Bay still cut off after slips |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/checkpoint/audio/2018827859/frustration-as-goughs-bay-still-cut-off-after-slips |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=[[RNZ]] |language=en-nz}}</ref> A report into the Christchurch City Council response to the damage caused by the storm highlighted areas for improvement in how the Christchurch City Council responds to emergencies.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2022 |title='We're still battling this': Goughs Bay community feel let down by council |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/470411/we-re-still-battling-this-goughs-bay-community-feel-let-down-by-council |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=[[RNZ]] |language=en-nz}}</ref>

=== Ōtanerito Bay ===
Home to a [[Kāti Māmoe|Ngāti Māmoe]] pā (known as Parakākāriki) and an ancient Māori burial ground, Ōtanerito Bay possibly means "the place of Tane, the fertile one". Home to the [[Hinewai Reserve|Hinewai reserve]] since 1987. Ōtanerito Bay also formed part of the [[Banks Track]] until 2017.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ōtanerito Bay (Parakākāriki)|url=https://my.christchurchcitylibraries.com/ti-kouka-whenua/otanerito-bay/|access-date=9 July 2021|website=my.christchurchcitylibraries.com|language=en-NZ}}</ref>

=== Flea Bay / Pōhatu ===
[[Pōhatu / Flea Bay]] has large colonies of penguins and seals living there,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banks Track: Is this New Zealand's best-kept walking secret?|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/travel/banks-track-is-this-new-zealands-best-kept-walking-secret/UTKRMWKDIJJVQHY3GS55IGDSEM/|access-date=21 December 2020|website=[[New Zealand Herald]] |date=7 December 2020 |language=en-NZ}}</ref> It is home to the [[Pohatu Marine Reserve|Pōhatu Marine Reserve]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pohatu Marine Reserve|url=https://www.doc.govt.nz/parks-and-recreation/places-to-go/canterbury/places/banks-peninsula-area/pohatu-marine-reserve/|access-date=21 December 2020|website=www.doc.govt.nz|language=en-nz}}</ref> The marine reserve is habitat for many fish species including triplefins, lumpfish, moki, butterfish, spotties, banded wrasse, blue cod, leather jackets, lobsters, [[pāua]] and rockfish.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pohatu Marine Reserve {{!}} Christchurch – Canterbury, New Zealand|url=https://www.newzealand.com/nz/feature/pohatu-marine-reserve/|access-date=21 December 2020|website=www.newzealand.com|language=en-NZ}}</ref>

=== Akaroa Harbour ===
[[File:Akaroa Harbour 27.jpg|thumb|Akaroa Harbour (December 2020)]]

[[Akaroa Harbour]] is one of the two large harbours on Banks Peninsula. The other being [[Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō]].

=== Peraki Bay ===
[[Peraki]] Bay is one of the bigger bays on the south west coast of Banks Peninsula. Multiple spellings of Peraki have existed. It was home to a whaling station in the 1830s and 1840s.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Piraki (Peraki) Bay|url=https://my.christchurchcitylibraries.com/ti-kouka-whenua/piraki-bay/|access-date=27 June 2021|website=my.christchurchcitylibraries.com|language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Peraki Bay|url=https://www.peelingbackhistory.co.nz/tag/peraki-bay/|access-date=27 June 2021|website=Discover The Delights Of Peeling Back History|date=20 March 1837 |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Tumbledown Bay/Te Kāio  ===
Tumbledown Bay is considered one of the best beaches near Christchurch. Most people are put off by the drive to get there, hence it is usually very quiet.<ref name=":0" /> Tumbledown bay has supported a large Māori population in pre-European times. Numerous archaeological digs have uncovered artefacts including tool fragments, fish hooks, oven stones and seal, [[Kurī]] (dog), tuatara, penguin, kiwi, kererū and moa remains in the middens.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Ogilvie|first=Gordon|title=Place Names of Banks Peninsula and the Port Hills|publisher=Canterbury University Press|year=2017|location=New Zealand|pages=284}}</ref>

Tumbledown bay, was named as a result of the actions of Billy Simpson, who working on sailing boats in the area as early as 1836. He was instructed to collect a case of alcohol from a local whaling station. On his return, he sat down in the bay and had a drink or two. On getting up he succeeded in allowing all the bottles to tumble down the hillside and break hence the naming.<ref name=":3" /> The earliest reference to the name of Tumbledown bay occurred in 1842.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Anderssen|first=Johannes|title=Place Names of Banks Peninsula|year=1927|location=Christchurch, New Zealand|pages=222}}</ref>

There are two small islets at the entrance of the bay named Jachin and Boaz (after the pillars to the [[Solomon's Temple|Temple of Solomon]]). These were thought to have been named by Bishop George Selwyn.<ref name=":3" />

In 1911, the ''Bell Flower'' (a 98 ton schooner) was wrecked on the cliffs next to Tumbledown Bay.<ref name=":3" />[[File:Tumbledown bay 27.jpg|thumb|Tumbledown Bay]]

=== Te Oka Bay ===
[[File:Te Oka Bay and Tumbledown Bay.jpg|thumb|Te Oka Bay (left) and Tumbledown Bay (right)]]

=== Magnet Bay ===
[[File:Surf At Magnet Bay.jpeg|thumb|Surf at Magnet Bay]]

Magnet Bay is known as a spot to go surfing. It  has an exposed reef and point break. These provide reasonably consistent surf all year around.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Banks Peninsula – Magnet Bay Surf Forecast and Surf Reports (Canterbury, New Zealand)|url= https://www.surf-forecast.com/breaks/Magnet-Bay|access-date=21 December 2020|website=www.surf-forecast.com}}</ref> The bay is known in Māori as Makara and a pa existed in the bay at one stage. Magnet Bay is named after the ''Magnet'', a 148-ton barque that was shipwrecked in the bay on 3 September 1844. It was sailing under the charge of a Captain Lewis who was travelling from [[Wellington]] to [[Waikouaiti]]. One person lost their life in the shipwreck.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ogilvie|first=Gordon|title=Place Names of Banks Peninsula and the Port Hills|publisher=Canterbury University Press|year=2017|location=New Zealand|page=154}}</ref>