Editing Astana (section)

==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Kazakhstan}}
Astana is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref name=twins>{{cite web|title=Международный авторитет Астаны повышают города-побратимы|url=https://www.inform.kz/ru/mezhdunarodnyy-avtoritet-astany-povyshayut-goroda-pobratimy_a2927628|website=inform.kz|publisher=KazInform|language=ru|date=6 July 2016|access-date=30 November 2020|archive-date=12 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212132913/https://www.inform.kz/ru/mezhdunarodnyy-avtoritet-astany-povyshayut-goroda-pobratimy_a2927628|url-status=live}}</ref>
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*{{flagicon|JOR}} [[Amman]], Jordan (2005)
*{{flagicon|TUR}} [[Ankara]], Turkey (2001)
*{{flagicon|TKM}} [[Ashgabat]], Turkmenistan (2017)<ref>{{cite web|title=State visit of President of Turkmenistan to the Republic of Kazakhstan|url=https://www.mfa.gov.tm/en/news/245|website=mfa.gov.tm|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan|date=18 April 2017|access-date=30 November 2020|archive-date=19 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119052524/https://www.mfa.gov.tm/en/news/245|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|THA}} [[Bangkok]], Thailand (2004)
*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Beijing]], China (2006)
*{{flagicon|KGZ}} [[Bishkek]], Kyrgyzstan (2011)
*{{flagicon|SYR}} [[Damascus]], Syria
*{{flagicon|POL}} [[Gdańsk]], Poland (1996)
*{{flagicon|VIE}} [[Hanoi]], Vietnam (2009)
*{{flagicon|PAK}} [[Islamabad]], Pakistan
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Kazan]], Russia (2004)
*{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Kyiv]], Ukraine (1998)
*{{flagicon|PHI}} [[Manila]], Philippines<ref name="About Manila: Sister Cities">{{Cite web |title=About Manila: Sister Cities |url=http://manila.gov.ph/government/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611173109/http://manila.gov.ph/government/ |archive-date=June 11, 2016 |access-date=November 24, 2016 |publisher=City of Manila}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Moscow]], Russia
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Nice]], France (2013)
*{{flagicon|IDN}} [[Nusantara (city)|Nusantara]], Indonesia (2023)<ref>{{cite web|title=30 Years of Indonesia - Kazakhstan Bilateral Relations: Astana and Nusantara Forge Sister City Cooperation in Historic First|url=https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en/read/4901/berita/30-years-of-indonesia-kazakhstan-bilateral-relations-astana-and-nusantara-forge-sister-city-cooperation-in-historic-first|website=kemlu.go.id|publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Indonesia)]]|date=4 July 2023|access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|FIN}} [[Oulu]], Finland (2013)
*{{flagicon|MYS}} [[Putrajaya]], Malaysia
*{{flagicon|LVA}} [[Riga]], Latvia (1998)
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Saint Petersburg]], Russia (1996)
*{{flagicon|KOR}} [[Seoul]], South Korea (2004)
*{{flagicon|UZB}} [[Tashkent]], Uzbekistan
*{{flagicon|GEO}} [[Tbilisi]], Georgia (1996)
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Ufa]], Russia (2010)
*{{flagicon|MNG}} [[Ulaanbaatar]], Mongolia (2019)<ref>{{cite web|title="Улаанбаатар олон улсын өдөрлөг-2019" арга хэмжээ эхэллээ|url=https://ulaanbaatar.mn/Home/newsdetail?dataID=44139|website=ulaanbaatar.mn|publisher=Ulaanbaatar|language=mn|date=21 October 2019|access-date=11 November 2020|archive-date=11 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111082639/https://ulaanbaatar.mn/Home/newsdetail?dataID=44139|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|TUR}} [[Uşak]], Turkey
*{{flagicon|LTU}} [[Vilnius]], Lithuania
*{{flagicon|POL}} [[Warsaw]], Poland (2002)
*{{flagicon|CRO}} [[Zagreb]], Croatia (2014)
<!--rest - not twinning-->
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===Friendly cities===
Astana also cooperates with:<ref name=twins/>
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*{{flagicon|AZE}} [[Baku]], Azerbaijan
*{{flagicon|SRB}} [[Belgrade]], Serbia
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Berlin]], Germany
*{{flagicon|ROU}} [[Bucharest]], Romania
*{{flagicon|HUN}} [[Budapest]], Hungary
*{{flagicon|EGY}} [[Cairo]], Egypt
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Chelyabinsk]], Russia
*{{flagicon|MDA}} [[Chișinău]], Moldova
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast|Kurgan]], Russia
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Kursk]], Russia
*{{flagicon|BLR}} [[Minsk]], Belarus
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Omsk]], Russia
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Penza]], Russia
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Saratov]], Russia
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Sverdlovsk Oblast]], Russia
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Tomsk]], Russia
*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Ürümqi]], China
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