Editing Angola (section)

==Demographics==
{{Main|Demographics of Angola}}
[[File:Angola Ethnic map 1970.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.2|Historical ethnic divisions of Angola]]
Angola has a population of 24,383,301 inhabitants according to the preliminary results of its 2014 census, the first one conducted or carried out since 15 December 1970.<ref name="INE Angola">{{Citation |title=Resultados Definitivos do Recenseamento Geral da População e da Habitação de Angola 2014 |date=March 2016 |url=http://aiangola.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Publica%C3%A7%C3%A3o-Resultados-Definitivos-Censo-Geral-2014_Vers%C3%A3o-22032016_DEFINITIVA-18H17.pdf |trans-title=Final Results of the General Census of Population and Housing of Angola 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506013702/http://aiangola.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Publica%C3%A7%C3%A3o-Resultados-Definitivos-Censo-Geral-2014_Vers%C3%A3o-22032016_DEFINITIVA-18H17.pdf |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estatística |language=pt |archive-date=6 May 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> It is composed of [[Ovimbundu]] (language [[Umbundu]]) 37%, [[Northern Mbundu people|Ambundu]] (language [[Kimbundu]]) 23%, [[Bakongo]] 13%, and 32% other ethnic groups (including the [[Chokwe people|Chokwe]], the [[Ovambo people|Ovambo]], the [[Ganguela people|Ganguela]] and the [[Xindonga]]) as well as about 2% ''[[mulatto]]s'' (mixed European and African), 1.6% Chinese and 1% European.<ref name=CIA/> The Ambundu and Ovimbundu ethnic groups combined form a majority of the population, at 62%.<ref>As no reliable census data exist at this stage (2011), all these numbers are rough estimates only, subject to adjustments and updates.</ref><ref>[http://www.prb.org/DataFinder/Topic/Rankings.aspx?ind=1&loc=294 2050 Population as a Multiple of 2014] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402101305/http://www.prb.org/DataFinder/Topic/Rankings.aspx?ind=1&loc=294|date=2 April 2015 }}. PRB 2014 World Population Data Sheet</ref> However, on 23 March 2016, official data revealed by Angola's National Statistic Institute – Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), states that Angola has a population of 25,789,024 inhabitants.

It is estimated that Angola was host to 12,100 refugees and 2,900 asylum seekers by the end of 2007. 11,400 of those refugees were originally from the Democratic Republic of Congo, who arrived in the 1970s.<ref>U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110126130051/http://www.refugees.org/countryreports.aspx?id=2117 "World Refugee Survey 2008"]. p. 37</ref> {{As of|2008}} there were an estimated 400,000 [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] migrant workers,<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,USCRI,,COD,456d621e2,485f50c0c,0.html World Refugee Survey 2008 – Angola] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510005710/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country%2C%2CUSCRI%2C%2CCOD%2C456d621e2%2C485f50c0c%2C0.html|date=10 May 2011}}, United Nations High Commission for Refugees. NB: This figure is highly doubtful, as it makes no clear distinction between migrant workers, refugees and immigrants.</ref> at least 220,000 [[Portuguese Angolans|Portuguese]],<ref name="Observatório da Emigração">{{cite web |title=José Eduardo dos Santos diz que trabalhadores portugueses são bem-vindos em Angola |trans-title=José Eduardo dos Santos says Portuguese workers are welcome in Angola |url=http://www.observatorioemigracao.secomunidades.pt/np4/3607.html|publisher=Observatório da Emigração|access-date=22 July 2013|quote=…presença de cerca de 200 mil trabalhadores portugueses no país…|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130920100459/http://www.observatorioemigracao.secomunidades.pt/np4/3607.html|archive-date=20 September 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> and about 259,000 [[Chinese people in Angola|Chinese living in Angola]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://visao.sapo.pt/angola-cerca-de-259000-chineses-vivem-atualmente-no-pais=f660830 |title=Angola: Cerca de 259.000 chineses vivem atualmente no país |trans-title=Angola: Around 259,000 Chinese currently live in the country |work=Visão|date=25 April 2012|access-date=13 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509165420/http://visao.sapo.pt/angola-cerca-de-259000-chineses-vivem-atualmente-no-pais=f660830|archive-date=9 May 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> 1 million Angolans are [[mixed race]] (black and white). Also, 40,000 [[Vietnamese people|Vietnamese]] live in the country.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />

Since 2003, more than 400,000 [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congolese]] migrants have been expelled from Angola.<ref>"[http://www.ipsnews.net/2012/05/calls-for-angola-to-investigate-abuse-of-congolese-migrants/ Calls for Angola to Investigate Abuse of Congolese Migrants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525172019/http://www.ipsnews.net/2012/05/calls-for-angola-to-investigate-abuse-of-congolese-migrants/ |date=25 May 2013 }}". [[Inter Press Service]]. 21 May 2012</ref> Prior to independence in 1975, Angola had a community of approximately 350,000 Portuguese,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bender |first1= Gerald|last2=Yoder |first2= Stanley|title=Whites in Angola on the Eve of Independence. The Politics of Numbers|journal=Africa Today|volume=21|issue=4|year=1974|pages=23–27|jstor=4185453}}</ref><ref>"[http://www.economist.com/world/mideast-africa/displayStory.cfm?story_id=12079340 Flight from Angola] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723131954/http://www.economist.com/node/12079340?story_id=12079340 |date=23 July 2013 }}", ''The Economist '', 16 August 1975, puts the number at 500,000, but this is an estimate lacking appropriate sources. {{Cite news |url=http://www.economist.com/node/12079340?story_id=12079340 |title=Archived copy |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |access-date=16 April 2019 |archive-date=27 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130227074203/http://www.economist.com/node/12079340?story_id=12079340 |url-status=bot: unknown }}.</ref> but the vast majority left after independence and the ensuing civil war. However, Angola has recovered its Portuguese minority in recent years; currently, there are about 200,000 registered with the consulates, and increasing due to the debt crisis in Portugal and the relative prosperity in Angola.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.publico.pt/economia/noticia/jose-eduardo-dos-santos-diz-que-trabalhadores-portugueses-sao-bem-vindos-em-angola-1596693 |location=Lisbon|work=Público|first1=Rita|last1=Siza |title=José Eduardo dos Santos diz que trabalhadores portugueses são bem-vindos em Angola |trans-title=José Eduardo dos Santos says Portuguese workers are welcome in Angola |date=6 June 2013|access-date=17 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130612002917/http://www.publico.pt/economia/noticia/jose-eduardo-dos-santos-diz-que-trabalhadores-portugueses-sao-bem-vindos-em-angola-1596693|archive-date=12 June 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Chinese population stands at 258,920, mostly composed of temporary migrants.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Phillips |first=Tom |date=26 August 2012 |title=Chinese 'gangsters' repatriated from Angola |work=The Daily Telegraph|location=London |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/9500517/Chinese-gangsters-repatriated-from-Angola.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422011123/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/9500517/Chinese-gangsters-repatriated-from-Angola.html |archive-date=22 April 2018}}</ref> Also, there is a small [[Brazil]]ian community of about 5,000 people.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://globalvoices.org/2008/08/17/angola-brazil-a-culture-shock-divide/|title=Angola, Brazil: A culture shock divide · Global Voices|date=17 August 2008|access-date=14 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316042333/https://globalvoices.org/2008/08/17/angola-brazil-a-culture-shock-divide/|archive-date=16 March 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Romani people|Roma]] were deported to Angola from Portugal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.romaninet.com/ROMANINET_Cultural_report.pdf|title=Romaninet- a multimedia Romani course for promoting linguistic diversity and improving social dialogue: report on Roma people|website=romaninet|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141114041156/http://www.romaninet.com/ROMANINET_Cultural_report.pdf|archive-date=14 November 2014|access-date=19 June 2022|url-status=live}}</ref>

{{As of|2007}}, the [[total fertility rate]] of Angola is 5.54 children born per woman (2012 estimates), the 11th highest in the world.<ref name=CIA/>

=== Urbanization ===
{{Largest cities
| country = Angola
| stat_ref = According to the 2014 Census<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://citypopulation.de/en/angola/cities/|title=Angola: Provinces, Major Cities, Urban Localities & Urban Agglomerations – Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information|access-date=7 December 2021|archive-date=22 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210822084153/https://www.citypopulation.de/en/angola/cities/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| div_name = Province

| city_1 = Luanda
| div_1 = Luanda Province{{!}}Luanda
| pop_1 = 6,759,313
| img_1 = Luanda Bay 5 - panoramio (cropped) (cropped).jpg

| city_2 = Lubango
|div_2 = Huíla Province{{!}}Huíla
| pop_2 = 600,751
| img_2 = Lubango sight (cropped).jpg

| city_3 = Huambo
| div_3 = Huambo Province{{!}}Huambo
| pop_3 = 595,304
| img_3 = Huambo Jardim da Cultura (cropped).jpg

| city_4 = Benguela
| div_4 = Benguela Province{{!}}Benguela
| pop_4 = 555,124
| img_4 = Praia de Benguela (cropped).jpg

| city_5 = Cabinda (city){{!}}Cabinda
| div_5 = Cabinda Province{{!}}Cabinda
| pop_5 = 550,000

| city_6 = Malanje
| div_6 = Malanje Province{{!}}Malanje
| pop_6 = 455,000

| city_7 = Saurimo
| div_7 = Lunda Sul Province{{!}}Lunda Sul
| pop_7 = 393,000

| city_8 = Lobito
| div_8 = Benguela Province{{!}}Benguela
| pop_8 = 357,950

| city_9 = Cuíto
| div_9 = Bié Province{{!}}Bié
| pop_9 = 355,423

| city_10 = Uíge
| div_10 = Uíge Province{{!}}Uíge
| pop_10 = 322,531

}}

=== Languages ===
{{Main|Languages of Angola}}
{{bar box
|title=Languages in Angola (2014 Census)<ref name="INE Angola" />
|titlebar=#ddd
|left1=Languages
|right1=percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]|darkgreen|71.1}}
{{bar percent|[[Umbundu language|Umbundu]]|purple|23.0}}
{{bar percent|[[Kikongo language|Kikongo]]|red|8.2}}
{{bar percent|[[Kimbundu]]|black|7.8}}
{{bar percent|[[Chokwe language|Chokwe]]|orange|6.5}}
{{bar percent|[[Nyaneka language|Nyaneka]]|green|3.4}}
{{bar percent|[[Ngangela language|Ngangela]]|darkblue|3.1}}
{{bar percent|[[Fiote language|Fiote]]|black|2.4}}
{{bar percent|[[Kwanyama language|Kwanyama]]|darkred|2.3}}
{{bar percent|[[Muhumbi language|Muhumbi]]|gray|2.1}}
{{bar percent|[[Luvale language|Luvale]]|tan|1.0}}
{{bar percent|[[Languages of Angola|Other]]|lime|4.1}}
}}
[[File:AngolaLanguageMap.png|thumb|Situation of Portuguese in each province of Angola: {{legend|#045a8d|Official majority language}}
{{legend|#9bbae1|Official language but not majority native language}}]]
The languages in Angola are those originally spoken by the different ethnic groups and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], introduced during the Portuguese colonial era. The most widely spoken indigenous languages are [[Umbundu]], [[Kimbundu]] and [[Kikongo]], in that order. Portuguese is the official language of the country.

Although the exact numbers of those fluent in Portuguese or who speak Portuguese as a first language are unknown, a 2012 study mentions that Portuguese is the first language of 39% of the population.<ref>Silva, José António Maria da Conceição (2004) [http://poing.me/layar/Colombia/brochuranoCrop.pdf Angola] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170721190428/http://poing.me/layar/Colombia/brochuranoCrop.pdf |date=21 July 2017 }}. 7th World Urban Forum</ref> In 2014, a census carried out by the Instituto Nacional de Estatística in Angola mentions that 71.15% of the nearly 25.8 million inhabitants of Angola (meaning around 18.3 million people) use Portuguese as a first or second language.<ref name="Angola: português é falado por 71,15% de angolanos">{{cite web |title=Angola: português é falado por 71,15% de angolanos |trans-title=Angola: Portuguese is spoken by 71.15% of Angolans |url=http://aiangola.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Publica%C3%A7%C3%A3o-Resultados-Definitivos-Censo-Geral-2014_Vers%C3%A3o-22032016_DEFINITIVA-18H17.pdf |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226100353/http://aiangola.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Publica%C3%A7%C3%A3o-Resultados-Definitivos-Censo-Geral-2014_Vers%C3%A3o-22032016_DEFINITIVA-18H17.pdf|archive-date=26 December 2016}}</ref>

According to the 2014 census, [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] is spoken by 71.1% of Angolans, [[Umbundu language|Umbundu]] by 23%, [[Kikongo language|Kikongo]] by 8.2%, [[Kimbundu]] by 7.8%, [[Chokwe language|Chokwe]] by 6.5%, [[Nyaneka language|Nyaneka]] by 3.4%, [[Ngangela language|Ngangela]] by 3.1%, [[Fiote language|Fiote]] by 2.4%, [[Kwanyama language|Kwanyama]] by 2.3%, [[Muhumbi language|Muhumbi]] by 2.1%, [[Luvale language|Luvale]] by 1%, and [[Languages of Angola|other languages]] by 4.1%.<ref name =Censo2014>{{cite web |url=https://www.ine.gov.ao/images/Populacao_Sociedade/Estudos_tematicos/PUBLICACAO_RESULTADOS_DEFINITIVOS_DO_CENSO_2014.pdf |title=Resultados Definitivos Recenseamento Geral da População e Habitação – 2014 |trans-title=Definitive Results General Population and Housing Census – 2014 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=Instituto Nacional de Estatística, República de Angola |archive-date=14 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214215245/https://www.ine.gov.ao/images/Populacao_Sociedade/Estudos_tematicos/PUBLICACAO_RESULTADOS_DEFINITIVOS_DO_CENSO_2014.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Religion ===
[[File:Igreja Matriz - panoramio - Rogério Melo (2).jpg|left|thumb|Catholic church of [[Uaco Cungo]]]]
There are about 1,000 religious communities, mostly [[Christian]], in Angola.<ref>Viegas, Fátima (2008) ''Panorâmica das Religiões em Angola Independente (1975–2008)'', Ministério da Cultura/Instituto Nacional para os Assuntos Religiosos, Luanda</ref> While reliable statistics are nonexistent, estimates have it that more than half of the population are Catholics, while about a quarter adhere to the Protestant churches introduced during the colonial period: the [[Congregationalist]]s mainly among the [[Ovimbundu]] of the Central Highlands and the coastal region to its west, the [[Methodists]] concentrating on the [[Kimbundu]] speaking strip from Luanda to Malanje, the [[Baptists]] almost exclusively among the [[Bakongo]] of the north-west (now present in Luanda as well) and dispersed [[Adventists]], [[Reformed tradition|Reformed]], and [[Lutheranism|Lutherans]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schubert |first=Benedict |title=Der Krieg und die Kirchen: Angola 1961–1991 |trans-title=The War and the Churches: Angola 1961–1991 |publisher=Exodus |year=1997 |location=Luzern, Switzerland}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Henderson |first=Lawrence W. |title=The Church in Angola: A river of many currents |date=1989 |publisher=Pilgrim Press |location=Cleveland}}</ref>
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = [[Religion in Angola]] <small>(2015)</small><ref>{{cite web| title=Angola| website=Association of Religion Data Archives| date=16 November 2012| url=https://www.thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_7_1.asp| access-date=11 October 2020| archive-date=30 October 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030191322/https://thearda.com/internationalData/Countries/Country_7_1.asp| url-status=live}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Roman Catholicism]]
|value1 = 56.4
|color1 = purple
|label2 = [[Protestantism]]
|value2 = 23.4
|color2 = blue
|label3 = Other [[Christianity|Christian]]
|value3 = 13.6
|color3 = skyblue
|label4 = [[Traditional African religions|Traditional faiths]]
|value4 = 4.5
|color4 = black
|label5 = [[Irreligion]]
|value5 = 1
|color5 = gray
|label6 = Others
|value6 = 1.1
|color6 = green
}}
In Luanda and region there subsists a nucleus of the "[[syncretic]]" [[Tocoists]] and in the north-west a sprinkling of [[Kimbanguism]] can be found, spreading from the Congo/Zaïre. Since independence, hundreds of [[Pentecostal]] and similar communities have sprung up in the cities, whereby now about 50% of the population is living; several of these communities/churches are of Brazilian origin.

{{As of|2008}} the [[U.S. Department of State]] estimates the Muslim population at 80,000–90,000, less than 1% of the population,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2008/108352.htm|title=Angola|publisher=State.gov|date=19 September 2008|access-date=13 July 2014|archive-date=3 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803234002/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2008/108352.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> while the [[Islam in Angola|Islamic Community of Angola]] puts the figure closer to 500,000.<ref>[http://www.opais.net/pt/opais/?id=1657&det=23057 Surgimento do Islão em Angola] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120401143743/http://www.opais.net/pt/opais/?id=1657&det=23057 |date=1 April 2012 }}. ''O Pais''. 2 September 2011. p. 18</ref> Muslims consist largely of migrants from West Africa and the Middle East (especially [[Lebanon]]), although some are local converts.<ref name="customs">Oyebade, Adebayo O. ''Culture And Customs of Angola'', 2006. pp. 45–46.</ref> The Angolan government does not [[Islam in Angola#Legal status|legally recognize]] any Muslim organizations and often shuts down mosques or prevents their construction.<ref name="IRFR2012">{{Citation |title=Angola 2012 International Religious Freedom Report |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/208328.pdf |publisher=United States Department of State |access-date=24 June 2017 |archive-date=28 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328162456/https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/208328.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

In a study assessing nations' levels of religious regulation and persecution with scores ranging from 0 to 10 where 0 represented low levels of regulation or persecution, Angola was scored 0.8 on Government Regulation of Religion, 4.0 on Social Regulation of Religion, 0 on Government Favoritism of Religion and 0 on Religious Persecution.<ref>[http://www.thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_7_3.asp Angola: Religious Freedom Profile at the Association of Religion Data Archives] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100411043322/http://www.thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_7_3.asp |date=11 April 2010 }} Brian J Grim and Roger Finke. "International Religion Indexes: Government Regulation, Government Favoritism and Social Regulation of Religion". Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion. 2 (2006) Article 1: religjournal.com.</ref>

Foreign [[Missionary|missionaries]] were very active prior to independence in 1975, although since the beginning of the anti-colonial fight in 1961 the Portuguese colonial authorities expelled a series of Protestant missionaries and closed mission stations based on the belief that the missionaries were inciting pro-independence sentiments. Missionaries have been able to return to the country since the early 1990s, although security conditions due to the civil war have prevented them until 2002 from restoring many of their former inland mission stations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2001/5511.htm|title=International Religious Freedom Report – Angola|publisher=U.S. Department of State|date=1 January 2004|access-date=27 June 2010|archive-date=31 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131002030/https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2001/5511.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

The Catholic Church and some major Protestant denominations mostly keep to themselves in contrast to the "New Churches" which actively proselytize. Catholics, as well as some major Protestant denominations, provide help for the poor in the form of crop seeds, farm animals, medical care and education.<ref name="books.google.com">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DeVqVy21g9sC&pg=PA40|title=Culture and customs of Angola|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Connecticut|isbn=978-0-313-33147-3|page=40|year=2007|access-date=11 May 2020|archive-date=26 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726053929/https://books.google.com/books?id=DeVqVy21g9sC&pg=PA40|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pcusa.org/hunger/downloads/2005intgrants.pdf|title=International Grants 2005|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081113131805/http://www.pcusa.org/hunger/downloads/2005intgrants.pdf|archive-date=13 November 2008}}</ref>

=== Health ===
{{Main|Health in Angola}}
[[File:Maternidade Lucrécia Paím - panoramio - Rogério Melo (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Lucrécia Paím Maternity Hospital]]
Epidemics of [[cholera]], [[malaria]], [[rabies]] and African [[hemorrhagic]] fevers like [[Marburg virus|Marburg hemorrhagic fever]], are common diseases in several parts of the country. Many regions in this country have high incidence rates of [[tuberculosis]] and high [[HIV/AIDS in Africa|HIV prevalence]] rates. [[Dengue]], [[filariasis]], [[leishmaniasis]] and [[onchocerciasis]] (river blindness) are other diseases carried by insects that also occur in the region. Angola has one of the highest [[infant mortality rate]]s in the world and one of the world's lowest [[life expectancies]]. A 2007 survey concluded that low and deficient [[Niacin (nutrient)|niacin]] status was common in Angola.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Seal |first1=Andrew J. |last2=Creeke |first2=Paul I |last3=Dibari |first3=Filippo |last4=Cheung |first4=Edith |last5=Kyroussis |first5=Eustace |last6=Semedo |first6=Paulina |last7=van den Briel |first7=Tina |display-authors=3 |year=2007 |title=Low and deficient niacin status and pellagra are endemic in postwar Angola |journal=The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition |volume=85 |issue=1 |pages=218–224 |doi=10.1093/ajcn/85.1.218 |pmid=17209199 |hdl-access=free |hdl=10144/125625}}</ref> [[Demographic and Health Surveys]] is currently conducting several surveys in Angola on malaria, domestic violence and more.<ref name="Angola Surveys">[http://www.measuredhs.com/countries/metadata.cfm?surv_id=344&ctry_id=76&SrvyTp=ctry&cn=Angola Angola Surveys] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101127021228/http://measuredhs.com/countries/metadata.cfm?surv_id=344&ctry_id=76&SrvyTp=ctry&cn=Angola |date=27 November 2010 }}, measuredhs.com</ref>

In September 2014, the Angolan Institute for Cancer Control (IACC) was created by presidential decree, and it will integrate the National Health Service in Angola.<ref>[http://www.noticiasaominuto.com/mundo/273191/novo-instituto-oncologico-de-angola-quer-ser-referencia-em-africa Novo instituto oncológico de Angola quer ser referência em África] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318052307/http://www.noticiasaominuto.com/mundo/273191/novo-instituto-oncologico-de-angola-quer-ser-referencia-em-africa |date=18 March 2015 }}, Notícias ao Minuto (Source: Lusa Agency), 9 September 2014</ref> The purpose of this new centre is to ensure health and medical care in [[oncology]], policy implementation, programmes and plans for prevention and specialised treatment.<ref>[https://diariodigital.sapo.pt/news.asp?id_news=728577 Novo instituto oncológico de Angola quer ser referência em África] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221827/http://diariodigital.sapo.pt/news.asp?id_news=728577|date=3 March 2016 }}, Diário Digital (Source: Lusa Agency), 9 September 2014</ref> This cancer institute will be assumed as a reference institution in the central and southern regions of Africa.<ref>[http://www.verangola.net/Artigos/Novo-instituto-oncologico-angolano-quer-ser-instituicao-de-referencia-no-continente=004333 Novo instituto oncológico angolano quer ser instituição de referência no continente] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006134912/http://www.verangola.net/Artigos/Novo-instituto-oncologico-angolano-quer-ser-instituicao-de-referencia-no-continente=004333 |date=6 October 2014 }}, Ver Angola, 11 September 2014</ref>

In 2014, Angola launched a national campaign of [[vaccination]] against [[measles]], extended to every child under ten years old and aiming to go to all 18 provinces in the country.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201410010149.html Angola: Over 30,000 Children Vaccinated Against Measles in Huila] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006085310/http://allafrica.com/stories/201410010149.html |date=6 October 2014 }}, All Africa, 30 September 2014</ref> The measure is part of the Strategic Plan for the Elimination of Measles 2014–2020 created by the Angolan Ministry of Health which includes strengthening routine immunisation, a proper dealing with measles cases, national campaigns, introducing a second dose of vaccination in the national routine vaccination calendar and active epidemiological surveillance for measles. This campaign took place together with the vaccination against [[polio]] and [[vitamin A]] supplementation.<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 September 2014 |title=Angola lança vacinação nacional contra sarampo |language=pt |trans-title=Angola launches national measles vaccination |work=Notícias ao Minuto |agency=Lusa |url=https://www.noticiasaominuto.com/mundo/277391/angola-lanca-vacinacao-nacional-contra-sarampo |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006103202/http://www.noticiasaominuto.com/mundo/277391/angola-lanca-vacinacao-nacional-contra-sarampo |archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref>

A [[2016 Angola and DR Congo yellow fever outbreak|yellow fever]] outbreak, the worst in the country in three decades<ref>{{Cite web |title=WHO: Yellow fever outbreak is 'serious and of great concern' |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2016/05/19/health/yellow-fever-who/index.html |last=Goldschmidt |first=Debra |date=19 May 2016 |publisher=CNN |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529102132/http://edition.cnn.com/2016/05/19/health/yellow-fever-who/index.html |archive-date=29 May 2016 |access-date=29 May 2016}}</ref> began in December 2015. By August 2016, when the outbreak began to subside, nearly 4,000 people were suspected of being infected. As many as 369 may have died. The outbreak began in the capital, Luanda, and spread to at least 16 of the 18 provinces. In the 2024 Global Hunger Index (GHI), Angola has a serious level of hunger and ranks 103rd out of 127 countries. Angola's GHI score is 26.6<ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Hunger Index Scores by 2024 GHI Rank |url=https://www.globalhungerindex.org/ranking.html |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=Global Hunger Index (GHI) - peer-reviewed annual publication designed to comprehensively measure and track hunger at the global, regional, and country levels |language=en |archive-date=25 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225183607/https://www.globalhungerindex.org/ranking.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Education ===
{{Main|Education in Angola}}
[[File:New campus (6177681401) (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|[[Agostinho Neto University]]]]
Although by law education in Angola is compulsory and free for eight years, the government reports that a percentage of pupils are not attending due to a lack of school buildings and teachers.<ref name=ilab>"Botswana". [https://web.archive.org/web/20140109071239/http://www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2005/tda2005.pdf ''2005 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor'']. [[Bureau of International Labor Affairs]], U.S. Department of Labor (2006). ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the [[public domain]].''</ref> Pupils are often responsible for paying additional school-related expenses, including fees for books and supplies.<ref name=ilab/>

In 1999, the gross primary enrollment rate was 74 per cent and in 1998, the most recent year for which data are available, the net primary enrollment rate was 61 per cent.<ref name=ilab/> Gross and net enrollment ratios are based on the number of pupils formally registered in primary school and therefore do not necessarily reflect actual school attendance.<ref name=ilab/> There continue to be significant disparities in enrollment between rural and urban areas. In 1995, 71.2 per cent of children ages 7 to 14 years were attending school.<ref name=ilab/> It is reported that higher percentages of boys attend school than girls.<ref name=ilab/> During the [[Angolan Civil War]] (1975–2002), nearly half of all schools were reportedly looted and destroyed, leading to current problems with overcrowding.<ref name=ilab/>
[[File:Waku Kungo, Angola - panoramio (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|A primary school in [[Cuanza Sul Province|Province of Cuanza Sul]]]]
The Ministry of Education recruited 20,000 new teachers in 2005 and continued to implement teacher training.<ref name=ilab/> Teachers tend to be underpaid, inadequately trained and overworked (sometimes teaching two or three shifts a day).<ref name=ilab/> Some teachers may reportedly demand payment or bribes directly from their pupils.<ref name=ilab/> Other factors, such as the presence of landmines, lack of resources and identity papers, and poor health prevent children from regularly attending school.<ref name=ilab/> Although budgetary allocations for education were increased in 2004, the education system in Angola continues to be extremely under-funded.<ref name=ilab/>

According to estimates by the [[UNESCO Institute for Statistics]], the adult literacy rate in 2011 was 70.4%.<ref name=unescolit>{{cite web|title=National adult literacy rates (15+), youth literacy rates (15–24) and elderly literacy rates (65+)|url=http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=210|publisher=UNESCO Institute for Statistics|access-date=27 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029183908/http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=210|archive-date=29 October 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> By 2015, this had increased to 71.1%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://data.uis.unesco.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=EDULIT_DS&popupcustomise=true&lang=en#|title=Education|last=UIS|publisher=UNESCO|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905185501/http://data.uis.unesco.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=EDULIT_DS&popupcustomise=true&lang=en|archive-date=5 September 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> 82.9% of men and 54.2% of women are literate as of 2001.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/angola_statistics.html|title=Angola – Statistics|website=[[UNICEF]]|access-date=27 June 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613004722/http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/angola_statistics.html|archive-date=13 June 2010|url-status=live}}</ref> Since independence from Portugal in 1975, a number of Angolan students continued to be admitted every year at high schools, [[politechnic|polytechnical]] institutes and universities in [[Portugal]] and [[Brazil]] through bilateral agreements; in general, these students belong to the elites.
[[File:Lyceum Salvador Correia in Luanda, Angola (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|[[:pt:Magistério Mutu-ya-Kevela|Mutu-ya Kevela Prep. School]]]]
In September 2014, the Angolan Ministry of Education announced an investment of 16 million [[Euro]]s in the computerisation of over 300 classrooms across the country. The project also includes training teachers at a national level, "as a way to introduce and use new information technologies in primary schools, thus reflecting an improvement in the quality of teaching".<ref>[http://www.ionline.pt/artigos/mundo/angola-investe-16-milhoes-na-informatizacao-300-salas-aula-todo-pais Angola investe 16 milhões na informatização de 300 salas de aula em todo o país] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007000209/http://www.ionline.pt/artigos/mundo/angola-investe-16-milhoes-na-informatizacao-300-salas-aula-todo-pais |date=7 October 2014 }}, jornal i (28 September 2014)</ref>

In 2010, the Angolan government started building the Angolan Media Libraries Network, distributed throughout several provinces in the country to facilitate the people's access to information and knowledge. Each site has a bibliographic archive, multimedia resources and computers with Internet access, as well as areas for reading, researching and socialising.<ref>{{Citation |title=Sumário Executivo do Plano Director da ReMA |date=May 2013 |url=http://mediatecas.ao/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Plano_Director_Maio_2013.pdf |trans-title=Executive Summary of the ReMA Master Plan |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161212180948/http://mediatecas.ao/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Plano_Director_Maio_2013.pdf |publisher=Rede de Mediatecas de Angola |language=pt |archive-date=12 December 2016}}</ref> The plan envisages the establishment of one media library in each Angolan province by 2017. The project also includes the implementation of several media libraries, in order to provide the several contents available in the fixed media libraries to the most isolated populations in the country.<ref>[http://www.portalangop.co.ao/angola/en_us/noticias/educacao/2015/0/2/Government-open-digital-libraries-every-province,744c2f6f-7d66-49cf-8e56-85c0d6969725.html Government to open digital libraries in every province] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318222038/http://www.portalangop.co.ao/angola/en_us/noticias/educacao/2015/0/2/Government-open-digital-libraries-every-province,744c2f6f-7d66-49cf-8e56-85c0d6969725.html |date=18 March 2015 }} Angola Press Agency, 8 January 2015</ref> At this time, the mobile media libraries are already operating in the provinces of Luanda, Malanje, Uíge, Cabinda and Lunda South. As for REMA, the provinces of Luanda, Benguela, Lubango and Soyo have currently working media libraries.<ref>[http://jornaldeangola.sapo.ao/regioes/malanje/mediateca_movel_aberta_ao_publico Mediateca móvel aberta ao público] {{webarchive|url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20150209181727/http%3A//m.ja.sapo.ao/regioes/malanje/mediateca_movel_aberta_ao_publico|date=9 February 2015}} Jornal de Angola, 9 January 2015</ref>