Editing Wright brothers (section)

==Later years==
===Wilbur===
[[File:Wilbur Wright, souriant.jpg|thumb|upright|Wilbur Wright, 1912]]

Both Wilbur and Orville were lifelong bachelors.<ref>{{cite web |last=[[Reeve Lindbergh]] |date=May 8, 2015 |title=David McCollough turns his attention to the Wright brothers |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/how-two-ohio-boys-taught-the-world-to-fly/2015/05/06/ef150572-d711-11e4-8103-fa84725dbf9d_story.html |access-date=January 2, 2021}}</ref> Wilbur once quipped that he "did not have time for both a wife and an airplane".<ref name=Crouch-2003/>{{rp|at=118}} The 1909 short silent film ''[[Wilbur Wright und seine Flugmaschine]]'' (which translates to ''Wilbur Wright and his Flying Machine'') is considered to be the first use of motion picture [[aerial photography]] as filmed from a heavier-than-air aircraft. Following a brief training flight he gave to a German pilot in Berlin in June&nbsp;1911, Wilbur never flew again. He gradually became occupied with business matters for the Wright Company and dealing with different lawsuits. Upon dealing with the patent lawsuits, which had put great strain on both brothers, Wilbur had written in a letter to a French friend:<ref>McCullough, 2015, "The Wright Brothers", p. 255.</ref>
{{Blockquote|text=When we think what we might have accomplished if we had been able to devote this time to experiments, we feel very sad, but it is always easier to deal with things than with men, and no one can direct his life entirely as he would choose.}}

Wilbur spent the next year before his death traveling, where he spent a full six months in Europe attending to various business and legal matters. Wilbur urged American cities to emulate the European – particularly Parisian – philosophy of apportioning generous public space near every important public building.<ref>{{cite AV media | last=McCullough | first=David | author-link=David McCullough | date=July 9, 2016 | time=41:53 | title=Bastille Day in France; The Only Street in Paris; Americans in Paris | number=450 | medium=Radio broadcast | publisher=[[Rick Steves]]' Europe | quote= ...&nbsp;Wilbur Wright ... was looking at how they laid out their spaces [in Paris], and he said:  Every important public building has open space in front of it, so you could enjoy it. Why haven't we done that in New York? Why don't we do that in our city? | url=https://www.ricksteves.com/watch-read-listen/audio/radio/programs/program-450}}</ref> He was also constantly back and forth between New York, Washington, and Dayton. All of the stresses were taking a toll on Wilbur physically. Orville would remark that he would "come home white".<ref name="McCollough 2015, p. 256">McCollough, 2015, "The Wright Brothers", p. 256.</ref>

It was decided by the family that a new and far grander house would be built, using the money that the Wrights had earned through their inventions and business. Called affectionately [[Hawthorn Hill]], building had begun in the Dayton suburb of [[Oakwood, Montgomery County, Ohio|Oakwood, Ohio]], while Wilbur was in Europe. Katharine and Orville oversaw the project in his absence. Wilbur's one known expression upon the design of the house was that he have a room and bathroom of his own.<ref name="McCollough 2015, p. 256"/> The brothers hired [[Schenck and Williams]], an architectural firm, to design the house, along with input from both Wilbur and Orville. Wilbur did not live to see its completion in 1914.

He became ill on a business trip to Boston in April 1912.<ref>{{cite book | last = Maurer | first = Richard | year = 2003 | title = The Wright Sister: Katharine Wright and her famous brothers | pages = 88–89 | publisher = Macmillan | isbn = 978-0761315469 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eSCpF3fIHesC | access-date = January 3, 2013}}</ref> The illness is sometimes attributed to eating bad shellfish at a banquet. After returning to Dayton in early May&nbsp;1912, worn down in mind and body, he fell ill again and was diagnosed with typhoid fever.<ref>McCollough, 2015, "The Wright Brothers", p. 256</ref> He lingered on, his symptoms relapsing and remitting for many days. Wilbur died, at age&nbsp;45, at the Wright family home on May&nbsp;30.<ref name=NYTWilbur>{{cite news |title=Wilbur Wright dies of typhoid fever. Ill more than three weeks, the end came at 3:15&nbsp;o'clock Thursday morning |date=May 30, 1912 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1912/05/31/104897247.pdf |access-date=February 25, 2015 |quote=[[Dayton, Ohio|Dayton]], Ohio. Following a sinking spell that developed soon after midnight, Wilbur Wright, aviator and aeroplane builder, died of typhoid fever at 3:15&nbsp;am to-day. Wright had been lingering for many days and though his condition from time to time gave some hopes to members of his family, the attending physicians, Drs. D.B. Conklin and Levi Spitler, maintained throughout the latter part of his sickness that he could not recover.}}</ref> His father wrote about Wilbur in his diary: "A short life, full of consequences. An unfailing intellect, imperturbable temper, great self-reliance and as great modesty, seeing the right clearly, pursuing it steadfastly, he lived and died."<ref name=Crouch-2003/>{{rp|page=449}}

===Orville===
[[File:Orville Wright-1928.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Orville Wright, 1928]]
Orville succeeded to the presidency of the Wright Company upon Wilbur's death. He won the prestigious [[Collier Trophy]] in 1914 for development of his automatic stabilizer on the brothers' [[Wright Model E]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Orville Wright receives the Collier trophy for stabilizer |newspaper=The Dayton Herald |location=Dayton, Ohio |date=February 6, 1914 |page=14 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/36620294/the_dayton_herald/ |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Sharing Wilbur's distaste for business but not his brother's executive skills, Orville sold the company in 1915. The Wright Company then became part of [[Wright-Martin]] in 1916.

After 42&nbsp;years living at their residence on 7&nbsp;Hawthorn Street, Orville, Katharine, and their father, Milton, moved to Hawthorn Hill in spring&nbsp;1914. Milton died in his sleep on April 3, 1917, at age&nbsp;88. Up until his death, Milton had been very active, preoccupied with reading, writing articles for religious publications and enjoying his morning walks. He had also marched in a Dayton Woman's Suffrage Parade, along with Orville and Katharine.<ref>McCullough, 2015, "The Wright Brothers", p. 257.</ref>

Orville made his last flight as a pilot on May 13, 1918 in a 1911 Model&nbsp;B. This event was filmed with the motion picture camera and Orville was accompanied in the air by Wright Company instructor Howard Rinehart flying the first US built DH-4.<ref>[http://earlyaviators.com/erinehar.htm EarlyAviators.com] Howard Max Rinehart]</ref><ref>[http://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/de-havilland-dh-4/nasm_A19190051000  Original first production DH-4 in the National Air & Space Museum] This machine was flown by Howard Rinehart on May 13, 1918 at Orville's final flight as a pilot</ref>  He retired from business and became an elder statesman of aviation, serving on various official boards and committees, including the [[National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics]] (NACA),{{efn|The [[National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics]] (NACA) was the predecessor agency to the [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] (NASA).}} and Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce (ACCA).{{efn|The Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce (ACCA) was the predecessor to the [[Aerospace Industries Association]] (AIA).}}

Katharine married Henry Haskell of Kansas City, a former Oberlin classmate, in 1926. Orville was furious and inconsolable, feeling he had been betrayed by his sister Katharine.<ref>McCullough, 2015, "The Wright Brothers", Epilogue p. 258</ref> He refused to attend the wedding or even communicate with her. He finally agreed to see her, apparently at Lorin's insistence, just before she died of pneumonia on March 3, 1929.

Orville Wright served in the [[National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics|NACA]] for 28&nbsp;years. In 1930, he received the first Daniel Guggenheim Medal established in 1928 by the Daniel Guggenheim Fund for the Promotion of Aeronautics. In 1936, he was elected a member of the [[National Academy of Sciences]]. In 1939, President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]] issued a presidential proclamation which designated the anniversary of Orville's birthday as [[National Aviation Day]], a [[Holidays of the United States|national observation]] that celebrates the development of aviation.

On April 19, 1944, the second production [[Lockheed Constellation]], piloted by [[Howard Hughes]] and [[Trans World Airlines|TWA]] president [[Jack Frye]], flew from [[Burbank, California]], to Washington, D.C., in 6&nbsp;hours and 57&nbsp;minutes (2,300&nbsp;mi, 330.9&nbsp;mph). On the return trip, the airliner stopped at [[Wright-Patterson Air Force Base|Wright Field]] to give Orville Wright his last airplane flight, more than 40&nbsp;years after his historic first flight.<ref>{{cite book |last=Parker |first=Dana T. |year=2013 |title=Building Victory: Aircraft manufacturing in the Los Angeles area in World War&nbsp;II |page=66 |place=Cypress, California |isbn=978-0-9897906-0-4}}</ref> He may even have briefly handled the controls. He commented that the wingspan of the Constellation was longer than the distance of his first flight.<ref name=yenne>Yenne 1987, pp. 44–46.</ref>

[[File:Grave of the Wright brothers, Woodland Cemetery chapel, Dayton, Ohio.jpg|thumb|upright|200px|The Wright family plot at [[Woodland Cemetery and Arboretum]]]]
Orville's last major project was supervising the reclamation and preservation of the 1905 ''[[Wright Flyer III]]'', which historians describe as the first practical airplane.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wright Flyer III|url=https://www.asme.org/About-ASME/Engineering-History/Landmarks/224-Wright-Flyer-III|access-date=2021-12-17|website=www.asme.org|language=en}}</ref>

Orville expressed sadness in an interview years later about the death and destruction brought about by the bombers of World War&nbsp;II:<ref>McCullough, 2015, "The Wright Brothers", Epilogue pp. 260–261</ref>
{{Blockquote|text=We dared to hope we had invented something that would bring lasting peace to the earth. But we were wrong ... No, I don't have any regrets about my part in the invention of the airplane, though no one could deplore more than I do the destruction it has caused. I feel about the airplane much the same as I do in regard to fire. That is, I regret all the terrible damage caused by fire, but I think it is good for the human race that someone discovered how to start fires and that we have learned how to put fire to thousands of important uses.}}

Orville died at age&nbsp;76 on January 30, 1948, over 35&nbsp;years after his brother, following his second heart attack, having lived from the horse-and-buggy age to the dawn of [[supersonic]] flight.<ref>[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iIXmigN2LQw/VaMrGhxy2EI/AAAAAAAABIg/bEoVV9sTTwo/s1600/NCR%2BOrville0001.jpg "NCR Loses a Close Friend"] ''NCR Factory News''. February–March 1948, p. 3 (tribute by National Cash Register Company) Retrieved March 23, 2016</ref> Both brothers are buried in the family plot at [[Woodland Cemetery, Dayton, Ohio]].<ref name=NYTOrville>"Orville Wright, 76, is dead in Dayton; co-inventor with his brother, Wilbur, of the airplane was pilot in first flight"&nbsp;– ''[[The New York Times]]'' obituary. January 31, 1948. Retrieved July 21, 2007. "[[Dayton, Ohio]], October 30, 1948, Orville Wright, who with his brother, the late Wilbur Wright, invented the airplane, died here tonight at 10:40 in [[Miami Valley Hospital]]. He was 76&nbsp;years old."</ref> [[John T. Daniels]], the Coast Guardsman who took their famous first flight photo, died the day after Orville.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Hodgins |first=Eric |date=December 6, 1931 |title=Heavier than air |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1930/12/13/heavier-than-air |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |access-date=December 17, 2018}}</ref>