Editing West Pakistan (section)

===India===
{{Further|India–Pakistan relations|Indo-Pakistani War of 1947|Indo-Pakistani War of 1965}}
West Pakistan had hostile relations with India, primarily due to aftermath of the 1947 [[Partition of India|independence]] from the British Empire and the [[Kashmir conflict|issue of Kashmir.]]

In 1965, "[[Operation Gibraltar]]" had long-ranging negative effects, outside and inside the country. Foreign minister [[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]] and [[Defence Minister of Pakistan|Defence minister]] [[Vice-Admiral]] [[Afzal Rahman Khan]] approached President Ayub Khan for approval of a covert operation to infiltrate Indian-administered [[Kashmir]] using airborne troops from the [[Pakistan Army]] ([[Special Service Group]]) and [[Pakistan Air Force]] ([[Special Service Wing]]). During nights in August 1965, airborne troops parachuted into Indian Kashmir whilst ground assault began by Pakistan Army's troops. The airborne troops managed to occupy much of Indian-administered Kashmir and were only {{convert|10|km|0}} from [[Srinagar]], but this was the closest Pakistani troops ever got to capturing the city. In September 1965, India launched a counter-attack and the airborne troops were pushed back to what is today [[Azad Kashmir]]. Indian forces also crossed the ceasefire line into Azad Kashmir and  captured the Haji Pir pass. 

Subsequently, Pakistan launched [[Operation Grand Slam]], which gained significant momentum. Grand Slam was aborted after India launched an all out attack on West Pakistan, for which Pakistani troops had to be diverted. The [[Soviet Union]] intervened in the conflict in September 1965 (for fear of escalation), and the month–long war ended with no permanent territorial changes. West Pakistan and India signed the [[Tashkent Declaration]] in January 1966, but the ceasefire was criticised both in India and Pakistan, and public resentment against each other grew. In West Pakistan, Ayub Khan deposed Bhutto as his Foreign minister, and Vice-Admiral Khan blamed Bhutto for the operation's failure. As an aftermath, Bhutto tapped into an anti-Ayub Khan movement and kicked off a storm of civil disobedience. Protests and spontaneous demonstrations broke out around the country, and Ayub Khan lost the control. In 1967, another martial law was imposed by another Army Commander-in-Chief, General Yahya Khan, who designated himself as the Chief Martial Law Administrator.