Editing Thrombosis (section)

== Prevention ==
{{Main|Thrombosis prevention}}
The use of [[heparin]] following surgery is common if there are no issues with bleeding. Generally, a risk-benefit analysis is required, as all anticoagulants lead to an increased risk of bleeding.<ref>{{NICE|92|Venous thromboembolism: reducing the risk for patients in hospital|January 2010}}</ref> In people admitted to hospital, thrombosis is a major cause for complications and occasionally death. In the UK, for instance, the Parliamentary [[Health Select Committee]] heard in 2005 that the annual rate of death due to thrombosis was 25,000, with at least 50% of these being hospital-acquired.<ref name="Hunt">{{cite journal |author=Hunt BJ |title=Awareness and politics of venous thromboembolism in the United kingdom |journal=Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=398–9 |date=March 2008 |pmid=18296598 |doi=10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.162586 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Hence ''thromboprophylaxis'' (prevention of thrombosis) is increasingly emphasized. In patients admitted for surgery, graded [[compression stockings]] are widely used, and in severe illness, prolonged immobility and in all [[orthopedic surgery]], [[clinical practice guideline|professional guidelines]] recommend [[low molecular weight heparin]] (LMWH) administration, mechanical calf compression or (if all else is contraindicated and the patient has recently developed deep vein thrombosis) the insertion of a [[Inferior vena cava filter|vena cava filter]].<ref>{{NICE|46|Venous thromboembolism (surgical)|April 2007}}</ref><ref name="ACCP">{{cite journal |vauthors=Geerts WH, Pineo GF, Heit JA, etal |title=Prevention of venous thromboembolism: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy |journal=Chest |volume=126 |issue=3 Suppl |pages=338S–400S |date=September 2004 |pmid=15383478 |doi=10.1378/chest.126.3_suppl.338S |url=http://www.chestjournal.org/cgi/content/full/126/3_suppl/338S |archive-url=https://archive.today/20041011003734/http://www.chestjournal.org/cgi/content/full/126/3_suppl/338S |url-status = dead|archive-date=October 11, 2004 }}</ref> In patients with medical rather than surgical illness, LMWH too is known to prevent thrombosis,<ref name=ACCP /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Dentali F, Douketis JD, Gianni M, Lim W, Crowther MA |title=Meta-analysis: anticoagulant prophylaxis to prevent symptomatic venous thromboembolism in hospitalized medical patients |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=146 |issue=4 |pages=278–88 |date=February 2007 |pmid=17310052 |doi=10.7326/0003-4819-146-4-200702200-00007|citeseerx=10.1.1.694.4563 |s2cid=27605124 }}</ref> and in the United Kingdom the [[Chief Medical Officer (United Kingdom)|Chief Medical Officer]] has issued guidance to the effect that preventative measures should be used in medical patients, in anticipation of formal guidelines.<ref name=Hunt />