Editing Stimulant (section)

=== ''Catha edulis'' (Khat) ===
{{Main|Khat}}
[[File:Catha edulis.jpg|thumb|200px|right|alt=Photograph of the khat plant|''Catha edulis'']]

Khat is a [[flowering plant]] native to the [[Horn of Africa]] and the [[Arabian Peninsula]].<ref name="Tooea">{{cite book |last=Dickens |first=Charles |chapter=The Orsons of East Africa |title=Household Words: A Weekly Journal, Volume 14 |publisher=Bradbury & Evans |year=1856 |orig-date=Digitized 19 February 2010 |page=176 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EdUnAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA176 |access-date=7 January 2014 |archive-date=25 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240325205905/https://books.google.com/books?id=EdUnAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA176#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }} {{open access}} {{link note|note=Free eBook}}</ref><ref name="Kciy">{{cite news |url=https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/10/08-011008/en/ |title=Khat chewing in Yemen: turning over a new leaf – Khat chewing is on the rise in Yemen, raising concerns about the health and social consequences |last=Al-Mugahed |first=Leen |access-date=8 January 2014 |publisher=World Health Organization |date=October 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140108103026/http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/10/08-011008/en/ |archive-date=8 January 2014  }}</ref>

Khat contains a [[monoamine]] [[alkaloid]] called [[cathinone]], a "keto-amphetamine". This alkaloid causes excitement, [[Anorectic|loss of appetite]], and [[euphoria (emotion)|euphoria]]. In 1980, the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) classified it as a [[drug of abuse]] that can produce mild to moderate [[Substance dependence|psychological dependence]] (less than tobacco or [[alcohol (drug)|alcohol]]),<ref name="King">{{cite journal|vauthors=Nutt D, King LA, Blakemore C |title=Development of a rational scale to assess the harm of drugs of potential misuse |journal=Lancet |volume=369 |issue=9566 |pages=1047–53 |date=March 2007 |pmid=17382831 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60464-4|s2cid=5903121 }}</ref> although the WHO does not consider khat to be seriously addictive.<ref name="Kciy" /> It is banned in some countries, such as the United States, Canada, and Germany, while its production, sale, and consumption are legal in other countries, including [[Djibouti]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Somalia]], Kenya and [[Yemen]].<ref name="Hafmc">Haight-Ashbury Free Medical Clinic, ''Journal of psychoactive drugs'', Volume 41, (Haight-Ashbury Publications: 2009), p.3.</ref>