Editing Spaghetti Western (section)

==Legacy==
[[File:Ennio Morricone Cannes 2007.jpg|thumb|[[Ennio Morricone]]'s (pictured) composition "[[The Ecstasy of Gold]]" from ''[[The Good, the Bad and the Ugly]]'' by [[Sergio Leone]] is used by American metal band [[Metallica]] to open several of their concerts.]]
Spaghetti Westerns have left their mark on popular culture, strongly influencing numerous works produced in and outside of Italy. In later years, there were the "return-of stories" films ''[[Django Strikes Again]]'' with [[Franco Nero]] and ''[[Troublemakers (1994 film)|Troublemakers]]'' with [[Terence Hill]] and [[Bud Spencer]]. Clint Eastwood's first American Western film, ''[[Hang 'Em High]]'', incorporates elements of spaghetti Westerns.

American director [[Quentin Tarantino]] has utilized elements of spaghetti Westerns in his films ''[[Kill Bill]]'' (combined with [[kung fu]] movies),<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://exclaim.ca/Reviews/Film/kill_bill_vol_2-quentin_tarantino |title=Kill Bill Vol. 2 |magazine=[[Exclaim!]] }}</ref> ''[[Inglourious Basterds]]'' (set in Nazi-occupied France),<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.filmquarterly.org/2009/12/talking-point-debating-inglorious-bastards/|title=DEBATING INGLOURIOUS BASTERDS|newspaper=Film Quarterly |date=2 December 2009 |publisher=filmquarterly.org|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605053555/http://www.filmquarterly.org/2009/12/talking-point-debating-inglorious-bastards/|archive-date=5 June 2014}}</ref> ''[[Django Unchained]]'' (set in the American South during the time of slavery),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vulture.com/2013/01/django-unchained-history-of-spaghetti-westerns.html|title=Why Django Unchained's Slavery Tale Had to Be a Spaghetti Western|date=2 January 2013 |work=vulture.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605053347/http://www.vulture.com/2013/01/django-unchained-history-of-spaghetti-westerns.html|archive-date=5 June 2014}}</ref> ''[[The Hateful Eight]]'' (set in Wyoming post-US Civil War), and ''[[Once Upon a Time in Hollywood]]'' (about fictional American actor [[Rick Dalton]] sometimes working in spaghetti Westerns).

The ''[[Back to the Future (franchise)|Back to the Future]]'' trilogy pays homage to spaghetti Westerns (especially Sergio Leone's Dollars Trilogy) on a variety of occasions, most notably in [[Back to the Future Part III|the third film]]. The American animated film ''[[Rango (2011 film)|Rango]]'' incorporates elements of spaghetti Westerns, including a character (the mystical "Spirit of the West", regarded as a sort of [[deity]] among the characters) appearing to the protagonist as an elderly Man with No Name. The 1985 Japanese film ''[[Tampopo]]'' was promoted as a "[[ramen]] Western". Japanese director [[Takashi Miike]] paid tribute to the genre with ''[[Sukiyaki Western Django]]'', a Western set in Japan that derives influence from both ''Django'' and the Dollars Trilogy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2007/09/14/culture/sukiyaki-western-django/|title=Spaghetti Western served up in Japan|date=14 September 2007 |publisher=japantimes.co.jp|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605075108/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2007/09/14/culture/sukiyaki-western-django/|archive-date=5 June 2014}}</ref>

The [[Bollywood]] film ''[[Sholay]]'' was often referred to as a "[[Curry]] Western".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/689776/weekly-classics-bollywoods-ultimate-curry-western|title=Weekly Classics: Bollywood's Curry Western|date=21 January 2012 |work=Dawn|location=Pakistan|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605053244/http://www.dawn.com/news/689776/weekly-classics-bollywoods-ultimate-curry-western|archive-date=5 June 2014}}</ref> A more accurate genre label for the film is the "[[Dacoit Western]]", as it combined the conventions of Indian [[dacoit film]]s, such as ''[[Mother India]]'' and ''[[Gunga Jumna]]'', with that of spaghetti Westerns. ''Sholay'' spawned its own genre of "Dacoit Western" films in Bollywood during the 1970s.<ref name="Teo">{{cite book|last=Teo|first=Stephen|title=Eastern Westerns: Film and Genre Outside and Inside Hollywood|date=2017|publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]]|isbn=9781317592266|page=122|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pi8lDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA122|access-date=27 November 2017|archive-date=30 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171130151204/https://books.google.com/books?id=pi8lDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA122|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the [[Soviet Union]], the spaghetti Western was adapted into the [[Ostern]] ("Eastern") genre of [[Soviet films]]. The [[Wild West]] setting was replaced by an Eastern setting in the [[steppes]] of the [[Caucasus]], while Western stock characters, such as "[[cowboy]]s and [[Native Americans in the United States|Indians]]", were replaced by [[Peoples of the Caucasus|Caucasian]] stock characters, such as [[bandits]] and [[harems]]. A famous example of the genre was ''[[White Sun of the Desert]]'', which was [[List of highest-grossing films in the Soviet Union|popular in the Soviet Union]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wright |first1=Esmee |title=Untold Stories: Bollywood and the Soviet Union |url=https://www.varsity.co.uk/film-and-tv/17664 |website=[[Varsity (Cambridge)|Varsity]] |access-date=31 May 2020 |date=19 June 2019 |archive-date=3 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200703015458/https://www.varsity.co.uk/film-and-tv/17664 |url-status=live }}</ref>

American heavy metal band [[Metallica]] has used a [[Ennio Morricone]]'s composition, "[[The Ecstasy of Gold]]", from ''The Good, the Bad and the Ugly'', to open several of their concerts. An Australian band, [[the Tango Saloon]], combined elements of [[tango music]] with influences from spaghetti Western scores. The band [[Ghoultown]] also derives influence from spaghetti Westerns.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ghoultown.bandcamp.com/|title=Ghoultown: Music|access-date=11 November 2022}}</ref> The music video for the song "[[Knights of Cydonia]]", by the English rock band [[Muse (band)|Muse]], is influenced by spaghetti Westerns. The band [[Big Audio Dynamite]] used music samples from spaghetti Westerns when mixing their song "[[This Is Big Audio Dynamite|Medicine Show]]". Within the song, there are samples from spaghetti Western movies such as ''A Fistful of Dollars'', ''The Good, the Bad and the Ugly'', and ''[[Duck, You Sucker!]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.esmark.net/bad/bad-samples01.htm|title=This is Big Audio Dynamite|website=esmark.net|access-date=8 May 2018|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161109221829/http://www.esmark.net/bad/bad-samples01.htm|archive-date=9 November 2016}}</ref>

Video game studio [[Rockstar Games]] utilized aspects of the spaghetti Western, and paid homage to it in their ''[[Red Dead Redemption]]'' series, as well as in its predecessor, ''[[Red Dead Revolver]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.everyeye.it/articoli/speciale-red-dead-revolver-vecchio-west-rockstar-prima-red-dead-redemption-2-41049.html|title=Red Dead Revolver: il vecchio West di Rockstar prima di Red Dead Redemption 2|access-date=11 November 2022|language=it}}</ref>

===Retrospective of the Venice Film Festival===
[[File:Festival di Venezia 2018.jpg|thumb|The [[Venice Film Festival]], the world's oldest film festival and one of the "Big Five" international film festivals worldwide, which include the [[Film festival#Notable festivals|Big Three European Film Festivals]] alongside the [[Toronto Film Festival]] in Canada and the [[Sundance Film Festival]] in the United States<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/venice-film-festival-unveils-lineup-720770|title=Venice: David Gordon Green's 'Manglehorn,' Abel Ferrara's 'Pasolini' in Competition Lineup|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|last=Anderson|first=Ariston|date=24 July 2014 | access-date = 9 September 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IMujCwAAQBAJ&q=Big+three+film+festivals&pg=PA54|title = Film Festivals: History, Theory, Method, Practice|isbn = 9781317267218|last1 = Valck|first1 = Marijke de|last2 = Kredell|first2 = Brendan|last3 = Loist|first3 = Skadi|date = 26 February 2016| publisher=Routledge }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url= https://time.com/3291348/addio-lido-last-postcards-from-the-venice-film-festival/|title=Addio, Lido: Last Postcards from the Venice Film Festival|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]| access-date = 9 September 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=8 September 2007|title=50 unmissable film festivals|url=https://variety.com/2007/film/markets-festivals/50-unmissable-film-festivals-1117971644/|access-date=23 June 2020|website=Variety|language=en}}</ref>]]

In 2007, a [[retrospective]] took place as part of the [[Venice International Film Festival]] to pay homage to the genre. The retrospective included 32 films:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://movieplayer.it/news/venezia-2007-la-retrospettiva-sul-western-all-italiana_4373/|title=Venezia 2007: la retrospettiva sul western all'italiana|access-date=12 November 2022|language=it}}</ref>

*''[[The Seven from Texas]]'' (1964) by [[Joaquin Luis Romero Marchent]]
*''[[100.000 dollari per Ringo]]'' (1965) by [[Alberto De Martino]]
*''[[The Return of Ringo]]'' (1965) by [[Duccio Tessari]]
*''[[Savage Gringo]]'' (1965) by [[Mario Bava]] and [[Antonio Román]]
*''[[Blood for a Silver Dollar]]'' (1965) by [[Giorgio Ferroni]]
*''[[Django (1966 film)|Django]]'' (1965) - Full version - by [[Sergio Corbucci]]
*''[[The Ugly Ones]]'' (1966) by [[Eugenio Martin]]
*''[[The Big Gundown]]'' (1966) by [[Sergio Sollima]]
*''[[Navajo Joe]]'' (1966) by [[Sergio Corbucci]]
*''[[Sugar Colt]]'' (1966) by [[Franco Giraldi]]
*''[[The Hills Run Red (1966 film)|The Hills Run Red]]'' (1966) by [[Carlo Lizzani]]
*''[[Yankee (film)|Yankee]]'' (1966) by [[Tinto Brass]]
*''[[Ten Thousand Dollars for a Massacre]]'' (1967) by [[Romolo Guerrieri]]
*''[[The Dirty Outlaws]]'' (1967) by [[Franco Rossetti]]
*''[[Il tempo degli avvoltoi]]'' (1967) by [[Nando Cicero]]
*''[[La morte non conta i dollari]]'' (1967) by [[Riccardo Freda]]
*''[[Django Kill... If You Live, Shoot!]]'' (1967) - Full version - by [[Giulio Questi]]
*''[[The Ruthless Four]]'' (1967) by [[Giorgio Capitani]]
*''[[Django, Prepare a Coffin]]'' (1967) by [[Ferdinando Baldi]]
*''[[Tepepa]]'' (1968) by [[Giulio Petroni]]
*''[[A Noose for Django]]'' (1968) by [[Sergio Garrone]]
*''[[And God Said to Cain]]'' (1969) by [[Antonio Margheriti]]
*''[[The Reward's Yours... The Man's Mine]]'' (1969) by [[Edoardo Mulargia]]
*''[[They Call Me Trinity]]'' (1970) by [[Enzo Barboni]]
*''[[Matalo!]]'' (1970) by [[Cesare Canevari]]
*''[[Compañeros (film)|Compañeros]]'' (1970) by [[Sergio Corbucci]]
*''[[Vengeance Is a Dish Served Cold]]'' (1971) by [[Pasquale Squitieri]]
*''[[The Grand Duel]]'' (1972) by [[Giancarlo Santi]]
*''[[The Fighting Fist of Shanghai Joe]]'' (1973) by [[Mario Caiano]]
*''[[A Reason to Live, a Reason to Die]]'' (1973) by [[Tonino Valerii]]
*''[[Four of the Apocalypse]]'' (1975) by [[Lucio Fulci]]
*''[[Keoma (film)|Keoma]]'' (1976) by [[Enzo Castellari]]