Editing Solvent (section)

===Chronic exposure===
{{main|Chronic solvent-induced encephalopathy}}
Chronic solvent exposures are often caused by the inhalation of solvent vapors, or the ingestion of diluted solvents, repeated over the course of an extended period.

Some solvents can damage internal organs like the [[liver]], the [[kidney]]s, the [[nervous system]], or the [[Human brain|brain]]. The cumulative brain effects of long-term or repeated exposure to some solvents is called [[chronic solvent-induced encephalopathy]] (CSE).<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=van der Laan |first1=Gert |last2=Sainio |first2=Markku |date=2012-08-01 |title=Chronic Solvent induced Encephalopathy: A step forward |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0161813X12000885 |journal=NeuroToxicology |series=Neurotoxicity and Neurodegeneration: Local Effect and Global Impact |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=897–901 |doi=10.1016/j.neuro.2012.04.012 |pmid=22560998 |bibcode=2012NeuTx..33..897V |issn=0161-813X}}</ref>

Chronic exposure to organic solvents in the work environment can produce a range of adverse neuropsychiatric effects. For example, occupational exposure to organic solvents has been associated with higher numbers of painters suffering from [[alcoholism]].<ref name="pmid1606027">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lundberg I, Gustavsson A, Högberg M, Nise G | title = Diagnoses of alcohol abuse and other neuropsychiatric disorders among house painters compared with house carpenters | journal = British Journal of Industrial Medicine | volume = 49 | issue = 6 | pages = 409–15 | date = June 1992 | pmid = 1606027 | pmc = 1012122 | doi = 10.1136/oem.49.6.409 }}</ref> Ethanol has a [[synergy|synergistic]] effect when taken in combination with many solvents; for instance, a combination of [[toluene]]/[[benzene]] and ethanol causes greater [[nausea]]/[[vomiting]] than either substance alone.

Some organic solvents are known or suspected to be cataractogenic. A mixture of [[aromatic hydrocarbons]], [[aliphatic hydrocarbons]], [[Alcohol (chemistry)|alcohols]], [[Ester|esters]], [[Ketone|ketones]], and [[Terpene|terpenes]] were found to greatly increase the risk of developing [[cataract]]s in the lens of the eye.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Raitta C, Husman K, Tossavainen A | title = Lens changes in car painters exposed to a mixture of organic solvents | journal = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv für Klinische und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie. Albrecht von Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology | volume = 200 | issue = 2 | pages = 149–56 | date = August 1976 | pmid = 1086605 | doi = 10.1007/bf00414364 | s2cid = 31344706 }}</ref>