Editing Shinkansen (section)

== Train types ==
Trains are up to sixteen cars long. With each car measuring {{convert|25|m|ft|abbr=on}} in length, the longest trains are 400&nbsp;m ({{fraction|4}}&nbsp;mile) end to end. Stations are similarly long to accommodate these trains. Some of Japan's high-speed maglev trains are considered Shinkansen,<ref>{{cite web |date=27 March 2009 |title=FY2009 Key Measures and Capital Investment – Central Japan Railway Company |url=http://english.jr-central.co.jp/news/n20090327/ |access-date=21 June 2009 |website=Central Japan Railway Company}}</ref> while other slower maglev trains (such as [[Linimo]], serving local communities in and nearby [[Nagoya]], [[Aichi Prefecture]]) are intended as alternatives to conventional urban [[rapid transit]] systems.

=== Passenger trains ===
==== Tōkaidō and San'yō Shinkansen ====
* [[0 Series Shinkansen|0 series]]: The first Shinkansen trains which entered service in 1964. Maximum operating speed was {{convert|220|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}. More than 3,200 cars were built. Withdrawn in December 2008.
* [[100 Series Shinkansen|100 series]]: Entered service in 1985, and featured [[bilevel cars]] with restaurant car and compartments. Maximum operating speed was {{convert|230|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}. Later used only on San'yō Shinkansen ''[[Kodama (train)|Kodama]]'' services. Withdrawn in March 2012.
* [[300 Series Shinkansen|300 series]]: Entered service in 1992, initially on ''[[Nozomi (train)|Nozomi]]'' services with maximum operating speed of {{convert|270|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}. Withdrawn in March 2012.
* [[500 Series Shinkansen|500 series]]: Introduced on ''Nozomi'' services in 1997, with an operating speed of {{convert|300|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}. Since 2008, sets have been shortened from 16 to 8 cars for use on San'yō Shinkansen ''Kodama'' services.
* [[700 Series Shinkansen|700 series]]: Introduced in 1999, with maximum operating speed of {{convert|285|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}. The JR Central owned units were withdrawn in March 2020, with the JR West owned units continuing to operate on the [[San'yō Shinkansen]] line between Shin-Osaka and Hakata.
* [[N700 Series Shinkansen|N700 series]]: In service since 2007, with a maximum operating speed of {{convert|300|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}.
* [[N700 Series Shinkansen|N700A series]]: An upgraded version of N700 series with improved acceleration & deceleration and quieter traction motors. All N700 series sets have been converted to N700A.
* [[N700S Series Shinkansen|N700S series]]: An evolution of the N700 series. First trainset was rolled out in 2019 with passenger services commencing on 1 July 2020.
<gallery class="center">
File:Shinkansen Series0 R67 JNRcolor.jpg|0 series
File:Shinkansen100.jpg|100 series
File:JR Central Shinkansen 300.jpg|300 series
File:Shinkansen 500 series W2 formation.jpg|500 series
File:JR Central Shinkansen 700.jpg|700 series
File:Shinkansen 700 Rail Star (8086223807).jpg|700 series (Hikari Rail Star)
File:Shinkansen N700 z15.jpg|N700 series
File:Series-N700A-F20.jpg|N700A series
File:Series-N700S-J2.jpg|N700S series
</gallery>

==== Kyushu and Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen ====
* [[800 Series Shinkansen|800 series]]: In service since 2004 on ''[[Tsubame (train)|Tsubame]]'' services, with a maximum speed of {{convert|260|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}.
* [[N700 Series Shinkansen#8-car S sets (N700-7000 series)|N700-7000/8000 series]] In service since March 2011 on ''[[Mizuho (train)|Mizuho]]'' and ''[[Sakura (train)|Sakura]]'' services with a maximum speed of {{convert|300|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}.
* [[N700S Series Shinkansen|N700S-8000 series]]: 6-car trains introduced in 2022<ref name="ReferenceB" /> on the ''[[Kamome/Relay Kamome|Kamome]]'' services with a maximum speed of {{convert|260|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}.
<gallery class="center">
File:JRK-800 U004 2020-10-12.jpg|800 series
File:Shinkansen N700-7000 S1 (49766090102).jpg|N700 series (Kyushu)
File:N700S-Y4 Kamome-29.jpg|N700S-8000 series (Nishi Kyushu)
</gallery>

==== Tohoku, Hokkaido, Joetsu, and Hokuriku Shinkansen ====
* [[200 Series Shinkansen|200 series]]: The first type introduced on the [[Tōhoku Shinkansen|Tohoku]] and [[Joetsu Shinkansen]] in 1982 and withdrawn in April 2013. Maximum speed was {{convert|240|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}. The final configuration was as 10-car sets. 12-car and 16-car sets also operated at earlier times. 
* [[E1 Series Shinkansen|E1 series]]: [[Bilevel car|Bilevel]] 12-car trains introduced in 1994 and withdrawn in September 2012. Maximum speed was {{convert|240|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}. 
* [[E2 Series Shinkansen|E2 series]]: 8/10-car sets in service since 1997 with a maximum speed of {{convert|275|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}.
* [[E4 Series Shinkansen|E4 series]]: [[Bilevel car|Bilevel]] 8-car trains introduced in 1997 and withdrawn in October 2021. Maximum speed was {{convert|240|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}.
* [[E5 and H5 Series Shinkansen|E5 series]]: 10-car sets in service since March 2011 with a maximum speed of {{convert|320|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}.
* [[E5 and H5 Series Shinkansen|H5 series]]: The cold weather derivative of the E5 series. 10-car sets entered service from March 2016 on the [[Hokkaido Shinkansen]] with a maximum speed of {{convert|320|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}.<ref name="jrhokkaido20140416">{{cite web|url= https://www.jrhokkaido.co.jp/press/2014/140416-1.pdf|script-title= ja:北海道新幹線用車両について|trans-title= Hokkaido Shinkansen Train Details|date=16 April 2014|work= News release|publisher= Hokkaido Railway Company|location= Japan|language= ja|access-date=16 April 2014|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140416081225/https://www.jrhokkaido.co.jp/press/2014/140416-1.pdf|archive-date=16 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="yomiuri20140416">{{cite web |url= http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/hokkaido/news/20140416-OYTNT50008.html|script-title=ja:北海道新幹線「Ｈ５系」、内装には雪の結晶も|trans-title= Hokkaido Shinkansen "H5 series" – Interiors to feature snowflake design|date=16 April 2014|work= Yomiuri Online|publisher= The Yomiuri Shimbun|location= Japan|language= ja|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140415234044/http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/hokkaido/news/20140416-OYTNT50008.html|archive-date=15 April 2014|access-date=16 April 2014}}</ref>
* [[E7 and W7 Series Shinkansen|E7 series]]: 12-car trains operated on the [[Hokuriku Shinkansen]] since March 2014, with a maximum speed of {{convert|260|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}.<ref name="jreast20120904">{{cite web |url= http://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2012/20120903.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221010/http://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2012/20120903.pdf |archive-date=10 October 2022 |url-status=live|script-title=ja:北陸新幹線用の新型車両について|trans-title= New trains for Hokuriku Shinkansen|date=4 September 2012|work= Press release|publisher= JR East & JR West|location= Japan|language= ja|access-date=4 September 2012}}</ref> In 2019, the E7 series began operating on the Joetsu Shinkansen.
* [[E7 and W7 Series Shinkansen|W7 series]]: 12-car trains operated on the Hokuriku Shinkansen since March 2015, with a maximum speed of {{convert|260|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}.<ref name="jreast20120904" />
<gallery class="center">
File:JR East Shinkansen 200(renewal).jpg|200 series
File:JReastE1 Omiya 20120918.jpg|E1 series
File:Series-E2-1000-J70.jpg|E2 series
File:Series-E4-P13.jpg|E4 series
File:JRE-TEC-E5 omiya.JPG|E5 series
File:H5kei hayabusa and E6kei komachi.JPG|H5 series
File:Series-E7-F19.jpg|E7 series
File:JRW-Series-W7 W3.jpg|W7 series
</gallery>

==== Yamagata and Akita Shinkansen ====
* [[400 Series Shinkansen|400 series]]: The first [[Mini-shinkansen]] type, introduced in 1992 on [[Yamagata Shinkansen]] ''[[Tsubasa (train)|Tsubasa]]'' services with a maximum speed of 240&nbsp;km/h. Withdrawn in April 2010.
* [[E3 Series Shinkansen|E3 series]]: Introduced in 1997 on [[Akita Shinkansen]] ''[[Komachi (train)|Komachi]]'' and [[Yamagata Shinkansen]] ''[[Tsubasa (train)|Tsubasa]]'' services with a maximum speed of 275&nbsp;km/h, later operated solely on the Yamagata Shinkansen.
* [[E6 Series Shinkansen|E6 series]]: Introduced in March 2013 on Akita Shinkansen ''Komachi'' services, with a maximum speed of {{convert|300|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}, raised to {{convert|320|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}} in March 2014.
* [[E8 Series Shinkansen|E8 series]]: Replacement of the E3 series for Tsubasa services introduced from 2024.
<gallery class="center">
File:400 L3 Tsubasa Yamagata 20020824.jpg|400 series
File:E3-Komachi-R20-131109.JPG|E3 series (Komachi)
File:E3-2000 L67 Akayu Tsubasa 128 20150905.jpg|E3 series (Tsubasa)
File:E6 series Z12 Komachi 20161013.jpg|E6 series
File:Shinkansen E8 series test.jpg|E8 series
</gallery>

=== Experimental trains ===
* [[Class 1000 Shinkansen|Class 1000]] – 1961
* [[Class 951 Shinkansen|Class 951]] – 1969
* [[Class 961 Shinkansen|Class 961]] – 1973
* [[Class 962 Shinkansen|Class 962]] – 1979
* [[WIN350|500-900 series "WIN350"]] – 1992
* [[STAR21|Class 952/953 "STAR21"]] – 1992
* [[300X|Class 955 "300X"]] – 1994 
* [[Gauge Change Train]] – 1998 to present
* [[Fastech 360#Class E954 Fastech 360S|Class E954 "Fastech 360S"]] – 2004
* [[Fastech 360#Class E955 Fastech 360Z|Class E955 "Fastech 360Z"]] – 2005
* [[ALFA-X#Class E956 ALFA-X|Class E956 "ALFA-X"]] – 2019
<gallery class="center">
Class 1000 Shinkansen Photograph.png|Class 1000
File:951-1 RTRI Kokubunji 199711.jpg|Class 951
File:JNR shinkansen 961 sendai.jpg|Class 961
File:925-10 S2 Takasaki 20020925.jpg|Class 962
File:WIN350 Maibara 19981011.jpg|WIN350
File:STAR21 952-1 Maibara 20060727.JPG|STAR21
File:Shinkansen955-1-2.jpg|300X
File:Gauge Changing Train 20120912.jpg|Gauge change train (2nd generation)
File:E954 S9 Sendai 20060421.jpg|Fastech 360S
File:E955 Sendai General Shinkansen Depot 20080726.jpg|Fastech 360Z
File:E956S13Sendai.jpg|ALFA-X
</gallery>

=== Maglev trains ===
''These trains were and are used only for experimental runs, though the L0 series could be a passenger train.''
* LSM200 – 1972
* ML100 – 1972
* ML100A – 1975
* ML-500 – 1977
* ML-500R – 1979
* MLU001 – 1981
* MLU002 – 1987 
* MLU002N – 1993
* MLX01 – 1996
* [[L0 series]] – 2012
<gallery class="center">
File:ML100 RTRI 20151010.JPG|ML100
File:ML500 RTRI 20151010.JPG|ML500
File:JR MLX01-1 001.jpg|MLX01
File:Series_L0.JPG|L0 series
</gallery>

=== Maintenance vehicles ===
* 911 Type diesel [[locomotive]]
* 912 Type diesel locomotive
* DD18 Type diesel locomotive
* DD19 Type diesel locomotive
* 941 Type (rescue train)
* 921 Type (track inspection car)
* 922 Type (''[[Doctor Yellow]]'' sets T1, T2, T3)
* 923 Type (''Doctor Yellow'' sets T4, T5)
* 925 Type (''Doctor Yellow'' sets S1, S2)
* E926 Type (''[[Doctor Yellow#For Tōhoku, Jōetsu, Hokuriku, Yamagata, and Akita Shinkansen|East i]]'')
<gallery class="center">
File:Class 922 Doctor Yellow set T2.jpg|Doctor Yellow Type 922
File:Type923-T4.jpg|Doctor Yellow Type 923
File:925-10 S2 Takasaki 20020925.jpg|Doctor Yellow Type 925
File:TypeE926.jpg|Type E926 East-i
File:911 dl.JPG|Type 911 locomotive
File:Tokaido Shinkansen Kyoto station railway track maintenancea line 02.jpg|Track maintenance vehicles stabled along sidings outside [[Kyoto station]]
File:Multiple Tie Tamper.jpg|[[Tamping machine]]
File:バラスト整理車.jpg|[[Ballast cleaner]]
File:延線車.jpg|Overhead line replacement vehicle
File:装柱車.jpg|Loading vehicle

</gallery>