Editing Proverb (section)

===Paremiological minimum===
Grigorii Permjakov<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www2.arnes.si/~bridges/proverb_wisdom.htm|title=Photo and Web page about Permjakov}}</ref> developed the concept of the core set of proverbs that full members of society know, what he called the "paremiological minimum" (1979). For example, an adult American is expected to be familiar with "Birds of a feather flock together", part of the American paremiological minimum. However, an average adult American is not expected to know "Fair in the cradle, foul in the saddle", an old English proverb that is not part of the current American paremiological minimum. Thinking more widely than merely proverbs, Permjakov observed "every adult Russian language speaker (over 20 years of age) knows no fewer than 800 proverbs, proverbial expressions, popular literary quotations and other forms of cliches".<ref>p. 91 Grigorii L'vovich Permiakov. 1989. On the question of a Russian paremiological minimum. ''Proverbium'' 6:91–102.</ref> Studies of the paremiological minimum have been done for a limited number of languages, including Ukrainian,<ref>Vyshya, Natalia. 2008. Minimo paremiologioco ucraiano y peculiardades de traduccion. ''Paremia'' 17: 101–110.</ref> Russian,<ref>Grigorii L'vovich Permiakov. 1989. On the question of a Russian paremiological minimum. ''Proverbium'' 6:91–102.</ref> Hungarian,<ref>Katalin Vargha, Anna T. Litovkina. 2007. Proverb is as proverb does: A preliminary analysis of a survey on the use of Hungarian proverbs and anti-proverbs. ''Acta Ethnographica Hungarica'' 52.1: 135–155.</ref><ref>Forgács, Tomás. 2014. Über das Parömische minimum des Ungarischen. ''Proverbium'' 31:255–278.</ref> Czech,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://ucnk.ff.cuni.cz/doc/parmin.rtf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070609230916/http://ucnk.ff.cuni.cz/doc/parmin.rtf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2007-06-09 |title=Paremiological Minimum of Czech: The Corpus Evidence – 1. Introduction. Data for Proverb Research |publisher=Ucnk.ff.cuni.cz |access-date=2012-09-20}}</ref> Somali,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://kapchits.narod.ru/books.htm |title=Kapchits article on popularity of various Somali proverbs}}</ref> Chinese,<ref>Huang, Xiaofang, and Abdullah Mohd Nawi. "Establishment of a Chinese Paremiological Minimum Based on International English Media." Theory & Practice in Language Studies (TPLS) 14, no. 1 (2024).</ref> Nepali,<ref>pp. 389–490, Valerie Inchley. 2010. ''Sitting in my house dreaming of Nepal.'' Kathmandu: EKTA.</ref> Gujarati,<ref>Doctor, Raymond. 2005. Towards a Paremiological Minimum For Gujarati Proverbs. ''Proverbium'' 22:51–70.</ref> Spanish,<ref>Julia Sevilla Muñoz. 2010. El refranero hoy. ''Paremia'' 19: 215–226.</ref><ref>SEVILLA MUÑOZ, Julia y BARBADILLO DE LA FUENTE, M.ª Teresa, El mínimo paremiológico español. Madrid: Centro Virtual Cervantes (Instituto Cervantes). Biblioteca fraseológica y paremiológica, serie «Mínimo paremiológico», n.º 2, 2021, 215 p., {{ISBN|978-84-09-31657-1}}</ref> [[Esperanto]],<ref>Fielder, Sabine. 1999. Phraseology in planned languages. ''[[Language Problems and Language Planning]]'' 23.2: 175–187, see p. 178.</ref> Polish,<ref>Szpila, Grzegorz. Minimum paremiologiczne języka polskiego – badanie pilotażowe", ''Język Polski'' 1/2002: 36–42.</ref> and [[Croatian language|Croatian]].<ref>Grzybek, Peter, Danica Škara, and Zdenka Heyken. "Der Weisheit der Gasse auf der Spur. Eine empirische Pilotstudie zur Bekanntheit kroatischer Sprichwörter." ''Zeitschrift für Balkanologie'' 29, no. 2 (1993): 85-98.</ref> Two noted examples of attempts to establish a paremiological minimum in America are by Haas (2008) and [[E. D. Hirsch, Jr.|Hirsch]], Kett, and Trefil (1988), the latter more prescriptive than descriptive. There is not yet a recognized standard method for calculating the paremiological minimum, as seen by comparing the various efforts to establish the paremiological minimum in a number of languages.<ref>Ďurčo, Peter. 2014. Empirical Research and Paremiological Minimum. In ''Introduction to Paremiology. A Comprehensive Guide to Proverb Studies'' edited by Hrisztalina Hrisztova-Gotthardt and Melita Aleksa Varga, 183–205. Berlin: De Gruyter Open. Online: [http://www.degruyter.com/viewbooktoc/product/449649 Open Access version].</ref> "No really convincing criteria have been offered for the size of a paremiological minimum."<ref>Čermák, František. "Paremiological minimum of Czech: The corpus evidence." ''Flut von Texten - Vielvalt der Kulturen. Ascona 2001 zur Methodologie und Kulturspezifik der Phraseologie,'' edited by Harald Burger, Annelies Häcki Bufofer, G. Greciano. Hohengehren: Schneider Verlag 2003, 15-31.</ref>