Editing Porto (section)

==Culture==
[[File:Fundación Serralves o palacete de Miami.jpg|thumb|Casa de Serralves]]
In 2001, Porto shared the designation [[European Capital of Culture|European Culture Capital]] with [[Rotterdam]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atlas-webshop.org/epages/61492534.sf/en_GB/?ObjectPath=/Shops/61492534/Products/ATL_00023 |title=Rotterdam and Porto: Cultural Capitals 2001: visitor research. – ATLAS Shop |last=AtlasWeb |work=atlas-webshop.org |year=2011 |access-date=5 July 2011 |archive-date=23 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223182641/http://www.atlas-webshop.org/epages/61492534.sf/en_GB/?ObjectPath=/Shops/61492534/Products/ATL_00023 |url-status=live }}</ref> In the scope of these events, the construction of the major concert hall space [[Casa da Música]], designed by the Dutch architect [[Rem Koolhaas]], was initiated and finished in 2005.

The first Portuguese moving pictures were taken in Porto by Aurélio da Paz dos Reis and shown there on 12 November 1896 in the Teatro do Príncipe Real do Porto, less than a year after the first public presentation by [[Auguste and Louis Lumière]]. The country's first [[movie studio]]s Invicta Filmes was also erected in Porto in 1917 and was open from 1918 to 1927 in the area of Carvalhido. [[Manoel de Oliveira]], a Portuguese film director and the oldest director in the world to be active until his death in 2015, was from Porto. [[Fantasporto]] is an international film festival organized in Porto every year. The [[DCEU]] film ''[[The Suicide Squad (film)|The Suicide Squad]]'' (2021) written and directed by [[James Gunn]] based on a [[Suicide Squad]] story, shows the city twice in the movie, in which shows us [[Daniela Melchior]] a Portuguese actress, who portrays [[Ratcatcher 2]] in which the character is the heart of the film, a [[Portugal|Portuguese]] version of [[Ratcatcher (comics)|Ratcatcher]].<ref name="PortoFilming">{{Cite web |date=30 July 2021 |title="There is no place like Porto", as the Invicta is under the Hollywood's radar, this time starring in 'The Suicide Squad' |url=https://www.porto.pt/en/news/there-is-no-place-like-porto-as-the-invicta-is-under-hollywoods-radar-this-time-starring-in-the-suicide-squad/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802210938/https://www.porto.pt/en/news/there-is-no-place-like-porto-as-the-invicta-is-under-hollywoods-radar-this-time-starring-in-the-suicide-squad |archive-date=2 August 2021 |access-date=22 January 2022 |website=Porto.pt }}</ref>

Many renowned [[Music of Portugal|Portuguese music]] artists and cult bands such as [[GNR (band)|GNR]], [[Rui Veloso]], [[Sérgio Godinho]], [[Clã]], [[Pluto (Portuguese band)|Pluto]], [[:pt:Os Azeitonas|Azeitonas]] and [[Ornatos Violeta]] are from the city or its metropolitan area.
Porto has several museums, concert halls, theaters, cinemas, [[Art museum|art galleries]], libraries and bookshops. The best-known museums of Porto are the [[National Museum Soares dos Reis]] (''Museu Nacional de Soares dos Reis''), which is dedicated especially to the Portuguese [[Art movement|artistic movements]] from the 16th to the 20th century, and the Museum of Contemporary Art of the [[Serralves Foundation]] (''Museu de Arte Contemporânea'').

The city has concert halls such as the [[Coliseu do Porto|Coliseu do]] Porto by the Portuguese architect Cassiano Branco, an example of the Portuguese [[decorative arts]]. Other notable venues include the historical [[São João National Theatre]], the ''Rivoli'' theatre, the ''[[Cinema Batalha (Porto)|Batalha cinema]]'' and ''[[Casa da Música]]'', inaugurated in 2005.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/25/arts/design/a-vision-of-a-mobile-society-rolls-off-the-assembly-line.html |title=A Vision of a Mobile Society Rolls Off the Assembly Line |first=Nicolai |last=Ouroussoff |work=The New York Times |date=25 December 2005 |via=NYTimes.com |access-date=23 January 2020 |archive-date=4 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104225154/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/25/arts/design/25ouro.html?_r=1&oref=slogin |url-status=live }}</ref> The city has the [[Lello Bookshop]], which is frequently rated among the top bookstores in the world.<ref name="bookshop">{{cite news |url=http://books.guardian.co.uk/shoptalk/story/0,,2239172,00.html |title=Top shelves |access-date=22 January 2008 |work=The Guardian |date=11 January 2008 |archive-date=24 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624091809/http://books.guardian.co.uk/shoptalk/story/0,,2239172,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Porto houses the largest synagogue in the Iberian Peninsula and one of the largest in Europe – [[Kadoorie Synagogue]], inaugurated in 1938.{{cn|date=June 2021}} 

===Entertainment===
[[File:Casamusicaexterior.jpg|thumb|Casa da Música]]

Porto's most popular event is St. John ([[Festa de São João|São João Festival]]) on the night of 23–24 June.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldeventsguide.com/event/4421/Porto-Portugal/S-o-Jo-o-Festival-St-John-Festival.html |title=São João Festival (St John Festival) |publisher=World Events Guide |access-date=6 May 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080917024856/http://www.worldeventsguide.com/event/4421/Porto-Portugal/S-o-Jo-o-Festival-St-John-Festival.html |archive-date=17 September 2008 }}</ref> In this season it's a tradition to have a vase with bush basil decorated with a small poem. During the dinner of the great day, people usually eat sardines and boiled potatoes together with [[red wine]].

Another major event is [[Queima das Fitas]], which starts on the first Sunday of May and ends on the second Sunday of the month. Basically, before the beginning of the [[Study hall|study period]] preceding the school year's last exams, [[academia]] tries to have as much fun as possible. The week has 12 major events, starting with the Monumental Serenata on Sunday, and reaching its peak with the Cortejo Académico on Tuesday, when about 50,000 students of the city's higher education institutions march through the downtown streets till they reach the city hall. During every night of the week, a series of concerts takes place on the Queimódromo, next to the city's park, where it is also a tradition for the students in their second-to-last year to erect small tents where [[alcoholic beverages|alcohol]] is sold to finance the trip that takes place during the last year of their course of study; an average of 50,000 students attend these events.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fap.pt/index.php?ch_site=queima |title=Federação Académica do Porto |website=Fap.pt |access-date=6 May 2009 |archive-date=21 May 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090521135803/http://fap.pt/index.php?ch_site=queima |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Arts===
[[File:Porto - Matosinhos - Praça da Cidade de Salvador.jpg|thumb|On the waterfront, ''[[She Changes]]'' sculpture by artist [[Janet Echelman]]]]

Porto was the birthplace in 1856 of [[Susanna Roope Dockery]], an Anglo-Portuguese watercolour painter who produced many paintings of the city and the people and landscape of the surrounding rural areas. An Englishman, [[Frederick William Flower]], moved to Porto in 1834 at the age of 19 to work in the wine trade and subsequently became a pioneer of photography in Portugal. Like Dockery, he drew his inspiration from the city, the Douro river and the rural areas.

In 2005, the municipality funded a [[Public art|public sculpture]] to be built in the Waterfront Plaza of [[Matosinhos]]. The resulting sculpture is entitled ''[[She Changes]]''<ref>[http://www.sculpture.org/documents/scmag05/julaug_05/echelman.shtml Janet Echelman's She Changes] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205161717/http://www.sculpture.org/documents/scmag05/julaug_05/echelman.shtml |date=5 February 2012 }} Sculpture Magazine July–August 2005</ref> by American artist, [[Janet Echelman]], and spans the height of 50&nbsp;×&nbsp;150&nbsp;×&nbsp;150 metres.

===Architecture===
[[File:Azuelo tile mural at Porto Cathedral.jpg|thumb|[[Azulejo]]s and Gothic elements at the Cathedral]]

Due to its long history, the city of Porto carries immense architectural patrimony. From the [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] [[Porto Cathedral|Cathedral]] to the Social Housing projects developed through the late 20th century, much could be said surrounding architecture.

Porto is home to the [[Porto School of Architecture]], one of the most prestigious architecture schools in Europe and the world. It is also home to two earners of the [[Pritzker Architecture Prize]] (two former students of the aforementioned [[Porto School of Architecture|school]]): [[Álvaro Siza Vieira]] and [[Eduardo Souto de Moura]].

This historic area includes the cathedral with its Romanesque choir, the neoclassical Stock Exchange and the Manueline-style Church of Santa Clara. The entire historic centre has been a National Monument since 2001 under Law No. 107/2001. The "Historic Centre of Porto, Luiz I Bridge and Monastery of Serra do Pilar" is a Unesco World Heritage site.<ref name="auto"/>

===Gastronomy===
[[File:Francesinha @ Ar do Rio.jpg|thumb|The [[francesinha]] is made of bread, sausage, steak, cheese and a beer-based sauce. Some types of francesinha may include egg or other ingredients.]]
Porto is home to a number of dishes from traditional [[Portuguese cuisine]]. A typical dish from this city is ''[[Tripas à Moda do Porto]]'' ([[Tripe]] Porto style). ''[[Bacalhau à Gomes de Sá]]'' (cod in the style of Gomes de Sá) is another typical [[cod]]fish dish born in Porto and popular in Portugal.

The ''[[Francesinha]]'' is the most popular native snack food in Porto. It is a kind of sandwich with several types of meat covered with cheese and a special sauce made with beer and other ingredients.

[[Rojões]] (fried pork meat) and [[sarrabulho]] (pig blood-based dish) are also typical dishes of [[North Region, Portugal|Norte Region]] which are very popular in the regional capital, the city of Porto. Like in almost all coastal areas of the Portuguese littoral with wide availability of fresh fish, [[sardinha assada]] (grilled sardine) is also a usual, classic main dish.

[[Port wine]], an internationally renowned wine, is widely accepted as the city's [[dessert wine]], especially as the wine is made along the [[Douro]] River, which runs through the city.