Editing Palm oil (section)

==== Human rights ====
[[File:Palm oil manufacture (9) Lac Mukamba, Teretoire de Dimbelenge, Kasai occ. RD Congo.JPG|thumb|The palm oil industry has a history of violating labor-related human rights, indigenous territorial right and environmental rights of communities in the contexts where the industry is prominent. Child labor violations are common in smallholder farming in many of the post-colonial contexts (such [[Child labour in Africa|as Africa]]) in which palm oil is produced. |254x254px]]
One report indicated numerous allegations of [[human rights]] violations in the production of palm oil in Indonesia and Malaysia, including exposure to hazardous [[pesticide]]s, [[child labor]], [[rape]] and [[sexual abuse]], and unsafe carrying loads. These incidents may receive no response by the company or police, or are left unreported because victims fear retaliation from their abuser. Pesticides used by palm oil plantations include [[paraquat]], which has been banned in Europe over links to [[Parkinson's disease]], and [[glyphosate]], which has been involved in a US class-action lawsuit regarding cancer<ref name="ap">{{Cite news|author1=Margie Mason |author2=Robin McDowell |date=18 November 2020|title=Rape, abuses in palm oil fields linked to top beauty brands|work=The Associated Press|url=https://apnews.com/article/palm-oil-abuse-investigation-cosmetics-2a209d60c42bf0e8fcc6f8ea6daa11c7|access-date=22 November 2020}}</ref> (the [[European Chemicals Agency]] (ECHA) classified glyphosate as causing serious eye damage but did not find evidence implicating it as a carcinogen).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://echa.europa.eu/-/glyphosate-not-classified-as-a-carcinogen-by-echa|title=Glyphosate not classified as a carcinogen by ECHA|date=15 March 2017 |publisher=ECHA}}</ref>

Reports of indigenous peoples and communities in Indonesia, indicate losing farmland and traditionally significant land due to palm oil industry expansion. In 2017, there were over 650 different land disputes between palm oil plantations and indigenous landowners.<ref name="hrw.org">{{Cite web |date=2019-09-22 |title="When We Lost the Forest, We Lost Everything": Oil Palm Plantations and Rights Violations in Indonesia |url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2019/09/23/when-we-lost-forest-we-lost-everything/oil-palm-plantations-and-rights-violations |publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]] |language=en}}</ref> Indigenous communities also expressed concern over the loss of natural resources, such as wild rubber, reed, and ''adat'' forests (communal forests).<ref name="hrw.org"/> Indigenous communities have made some ground when it comes to land disputes, either through protest or legal means.<ref name="hrw.org"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-27 |title=Indigenous Papuans won their forest back from a palm oil firm, but still lack land title |url=https://news.mongabay.com/2021/10/indigenous-papuans-won-their-forest-back-from-a-palm-oil-firm-but-still-lack-land-title/ |access-date=2021-12-14 |website=Mongabay Environmental News |language=en-US}}</ref>

Other concerns when it comes to indigenous communities being impacted include lack of government oversight on palm oil plantations, political corruption, or the lack of enforcement of laws meant to protect indigenous lands.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-22 |title=Indonesia: Indigenous Peoples Losing Their Forests |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/09/22/indonesia-indigenous-peoples-losing-their-forests |access-date=2021-12-14 |website=Human Rights Watch |language=en}}</ref> In countries such as Guatemala, palm oil plantations have significant leverage within the local justice system, leading local police to disregard land claims, going as far as using force to break up protests, and even murdering local leaders.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cuffe |first=Sandra |title=Guatemala's growing palm oil industry fuels Indigenous land fight |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/10/15/guatemala-growing-palm-oil-industry-fuels-indigenous-land-fight |date=15 Oct 2021 |access-date=2021-12-14 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref>