Editing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (section)

==== Vaccine ====
A vaccine against ''N. gonorrhoeae'' is becoming more necessary due to the growing incidence of cases, increasing [[antimicrobial resistance]], and its impact on reproductive health.<ref name="www.cdc.gov_2">{{Cite web |title=Gonococcal Infections Among Adolescents and Adults - STI Treatment Guidelines |url=https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/gonorrhea-adults.htm |access-date=2024-11-19 |website=www.cdc.gov|date=5 December 2022 }}</ref> There are problems that have hampered vaccine development including: the absence of immunity post-infection, exclusively human hosts, and [[Antigenic variation|antigenic]] and [[phase variation]] of potential vaccine targets.<ref name="Williams_2024">{{cite journal | vauthors = Williams E, Seib KL, Fairley CK, Pollock GL, Hocking JS, McCarthy JS, Williamson DA | title = ''Neisseria gonorrhoeae'' vaccines: a contemporary overview | journal = Clinical Microbiology Reviews | volume = 37 | issue = 1 | pages = e0009423 | date = March 2024 | pmid = 38226640 | pmc = 10938898 | doi = 10.1128/cmr.00094-23 | veditors = Forrest GN }}</ref> Currently, there are several ''N. gonorrhoeae'' vaccines in development including an outer membrane vesicle vaccine.<ref name="Williams_2024" /> This includes the NGoXIM, the native OMV, and Bexsero/4CMenB vaccine candidates, which are all in the late clinical stages of development.<ref>{{ClinicalTrialsGov|NCT05630859|Safety and Efficacy of GSK Neisseria Gonorrhoeae GMMA (NgG) Investigational Vaccine When Administered to Healthy Adults 18 to 50 Years of Age.}}</ref> The creation of a vaccine for ''N. gonorrhoeae'' has several potential public health impacts. In one estimate, a vaccine for the heterosexual population given before sexual activity occurs showed that prevalence of ''N. gonorrhoeae'' could be reduced by up to 90% after 20 years.<ref name="Williams_2024" />