Editing Montevideo (section)

=== Demographics ===

In 1860, Montevideo had 57,913 inhabitants including a number of people of [[Afro-Uruguayan|African origin]] who had been brought as slaves and had gained their freedom around the middle of the century. By 1880, the population had quadrupled, mainly because of the great European immigration. In 1908, its population had grown massively to 309,331 inhabitants.<ref name="Javier Meneses Silva">{{Cite web |last=Javier Meneses Silva |title=Datos en el cuerpo de todo el artículo |url=http://www.tacuy.com.uy/Servicios/Montevideo/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302094006/http://www.tacuy.com.uy/Servicios/Montevideo/index.htm |archive-date=2 March 2009 |access-date=15 November 2010 |publisher=Tacuy.com.uy |language=es}}</ref> In the course of the 20th century the city continued to receive large numbers of European immigrants, especially Spanish and [[Italian settlement in Uruguay|Italian]], followed by Portuguese Brazilians, [[French Uruguayan|French]], Germans, English, Irish, Swiss, Austrians, Poles, Dutch, [[Greeks in Uruguay|Greek]], Hungarians, Russians, Croats, [[Lebanese Uruguayan|Lebanese]], [[Armenians in Uruguay|Armenians]], and Jews of various origins.<ref name="rincondelvago">{{Cite web |title=Emigración en Uruguay |date=23 November 2004 |url=http://html.rincondelvago.com/emigracion-en-uruguay.html |access-date=25 November 2010 |publisher=El Rincón del Vago |archive-date=9 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101209142548/http://html.rincondelvago.com/emigracion-en-uruguay.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The last wave of immigrants occurred between 1945 and 1955.<ref name="tacuycom" />

According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, Montevideo had a population of 1,325,968 persons, compared to Uruguay's total population of 3,241,003. The female population was 707,697 (53.4%) while the male population accounted for 618,271 (46.6%). The population had declined since the previous census carried out in 1996, with an average annual growth rate of −1.5 per thousand. The continual decline has been documented since the census period of 1975–1985, which showed a rate of −5.6 per thousand. The decrease is due in large part to lowered fertility, partly offset by mortality, and to a smaller degree in migration. The birth rate declined by 19% from 1996 (17 per thousand) to 2004 (13.8 per thousand). Similarly, the total fertility rate (TFR) declined from 2.24 in 1996 to 1.79 in 2004. However, mortality continued to fall with [[life expectancy at birth]] for both sexes increasing by 1.73 years.<ref name="census2004pdf">{{Cite web |title=Census Phase I, 2004 |url=http://www.ine.gub.uy/fase1new/montevideo/montevideo_pres.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.ine.gub.uy/fase1new/montevideo/montevideo_pres.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |publisher=Government of Uruguay |pages=4, 11, 13, 17, 22, 23}}</ref>

In the census of 2011, Montevideo had a population of 1,319,108.<ref name=INEpop/>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! 1860 || 1884 || 1908 || 1963 || 1975 || 1985 || 1996 || 2004 || 2011
|- style="text-align:right;"
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;58,000&nbsp;&nbsp;|| &nbsp;&nbsp;164,028&nbsp;&nbsp;|| &nbsp;&nbsp;309,331<ref name="Javier Meneses Silva" />&nbsp;&nbsp;|| 1,202,890 || 1,176,049 || 1,251,511 || 1,303,182 || 1,269,552 || 1,319,108
|}
Source: ''Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay''<ref name="stats">{{Cite web |year=2012 |title=Statistics of urban localities (1963–2004) |url=http://www.ine.gub.uy/biblioteca/toponimico/Categorizaci%F3n%20localidades%20urbanas%20orden%20alfab%E9tico.pdf |access-date=7 September 2012 |publisher=INE |archive-date=13 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091113143716/http://www.ine.gub.uy/biblioteca/toponimico/Categorizaci%F3n%20localidades%20urbanas%20orden%20alfab%E9tico.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>