Editing Meconium aspiration syndrome (section)

=== Previous treatments ===
Originally, it was believed that MAS developed as a result of the meconium being a physical blockage of the airways. Thus, to prevent newborns, who were born through MSAF, from developing MAS, suctioning of the [[oropharyngeal]] and [[nasopharyngeal]] area before delivery of the shoulders followed by [[trachea]]l aspiration was utilised for 20 years. This treatment was believed to be effective as it was reported to significantly decrease the incidence of MAS compared to those newborns born through MSAF who were not treated.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Carson|first1=BS|last2=Losey|first2=RW|last3=Bowes Jr|first3=WA|last4=Simmons|first4=MA|date=1976|title=Combined Obstetric and Pediatric Approach to Prevent Meconium Aspiration Syndrome|journal=Am J Obstet Gynecol|volume=15|issue=126|pages=172–175|doi=10.1016/0002-9378(76)90525-1|pmid=984149 }}</ref> This claim was later disproved and future studies concluded that oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal suctioning, before delivery of the shoulders in infants born through MSAF, does not prevent MAS or its complications.<ref name=":1" /> In fact, it can cause more issues and damage (e.g. [[Mucous membrane|mucosal]] damage), thus it is not a recommended preventative treatment.<ref name=":9" /> Suctioning may not significantly reduce the incidence of MAS as meconium passage and aspiration may occur ''in-utero.'' Thereby making the suctioning redundant and useless as the meconium may already be deep within the lungs at the time of birth.<ref name=":10" />

Historically, [[amnioinfusion]] has been used when MSAF was present, which involves a transcervical infusion of fluid during labour. The idea was to dilute the thick meconium to reduce its potential pathophysiology and reduce cases of MAS, since MAS is more prevalent in cases of thick meconium.<ref name=":1" /> However, there are associated risks, such as [[umbilical cord prolapse]] and prolongation of labour. The UK National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) Guidelines recommend against the use of amnioinfusion in women with MSAF.<ref name=":8" />