Editing Mainz (section)

==Culture==
Mainz is home to a [[Carnival]], the ''Mainzer Fassenacht'' or ''Fastnacht'', which has developed since the early 19th century. Carnival in Mainz has its roots in the criticism of social and political injustices under the shelter of cap and bells. Today, the uniforms of many traditional Carnival clubs still imitate and caricature the uniforms of the French and Prussian troops of the past. The height of the carnival season is on [[Rosenmontag]] ("rose Monday"), when there is a large parade in Mainz, with more than 500,000 people celebrating in the streets.<ref name="Kirschstein-2018">{{cite web |last=Kirschstein |first=Gisela |title=Phantastischer Rosenmontag in Mainz – Mehr als 500.000 feiern friedlich große Narrenparty, Rosenmontagszug rollt störungsfrei |website=Mainz& |date=12 February 2018 |url=https://mainzund.de/phantastischer-rosenmontag-in-mainz-mehr-als-500-000-feiern-friedlich-grosse-narrenparty-rosenmontagszug-rollt-stoerungsfrei/ |access-date=31 January 2023 |archive-date=31 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131134431/https://mainzund.de/phantastischer-rosenmontag-in-mainz-mehr-als-500-000-feiern-friedlich-grosse-narrenparty-rosenmontagszug-rollt-stoerungsfrei/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Frankfurter Rundschau-2020">{{cite web |title=Nahezu 500.000 Zuschauer |website=[[Frankfurter Rundschau]] |date=24 February 2020 |url=https://www.fr.de/rhein-main/hochtaunus/nahezu-500000-zuschauer-13557187.html |language=de |access-date=31 January 2023 |archive-date=31 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131134438/https://www.fr.de/rhein-main/hochtaunus/nahezu-500000-zuschauer-13557187.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

The first-ever [[Katholikentag]], a festival-like gathering of German Catholics, was held in Mainz in 1848.<ref name="Arning-2016">{{cite book |last1=Arning |first1=Holger |last2=Wolf |first2=Hubert |author3=Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft |author4=Deutscher Katholikentag 2016 Leipzig |title=Hundert Katholikentage von Mainz 1848 bis Leipzig 2016 : das Buch zum 100. Deutschen Katholikentag |publication-place=Darmstadt |date=2016 |isbn=978-3-534-26772-9 |oclc=932021369 |language=de |publisher=WBG}}</ref>

[[File:Uni-Mainz-Forum-Januar 2006.jpg|thumb|left|Forum of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz]]
[[Johannes Gutenberg]], credited with the invention of the [[printing press]], was born here and died here.<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Gutenberg, Johann |volume=12 |last=Hessels |first=John Henry |pages=739–741; (1) see page 739, first line and (2) page 741|quote=... (1) is supposed to have been born c. 1398–1399 at Mainz & (2) Gutenberg seems to have died at Mainz at the beginning of 1468}}</ref> Since 1968 the [[Johannisnacht, Mainz|Mainzer Johannisnacht]] commemorates the person Johannes Gutenberg in his native city. The [[University of Mainz|Mainz University]], which was refounded in 1946, is named after [[Johannes Gutenberg|Gutenberg]]; the earlier University of Mainz that dated back to 1477 had been closed down by Napoleon's troops in 1798.<ref name="regionalgeschichte.net-7">{{cite web |title=Die Gründung der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität |website=regionalgeschichte.net |url=https://regionalgeschichte.net/link/urn/urn:nbn:de:0291-rzd-016327-20201210-5 |language=de |access-date=31 January 2023 |archive-date=31 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131134942/https://regionalgeschichte.net/link/urn/urn:nbn:de:0291-rzd-016327-20201210-5 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Mainz was one of three important centres of Jewish theology and learning in Central Europe during the Middle Ages. Known collectively as ''Shum'', the cities of [[Speyer]], [[Worms, Germany|Worms]] and Mainz played a key role in the preservation and propagation of Talmudic scholarship.<ref name="UNESCO World Heritage Centre-2021">{{cite web |title=ShUM Sites of Speyer, Worms and Mainz |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |date=27 July 2021 |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1636/ |access-date=31 January 2023 |archive-date=31 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131135124/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1636/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Mainz-2022">{{cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg-Unversität |title=SchUM-Stätten zum UNESCO-Welterbe ernannt |website=JGU Magazin |date=1 December 2022 |url=https://www.magazin.uni-mainz.de/schum-staetten-zum-unesco-welterbe-ernannt/ |language=de |access-date=31 January 2023 |archive-date=31 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131135333/https://www.magazin.uni-mainz.de/schum-staetten-zum-unesco-welterbe-ernannt/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

The city is the seat of Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen (literally, "Second German Television", [[ZDF]]), one of two federal nationwide TV broadcasters. There are also a couple of radio stations based in Mainz. The [[Mainzer Stadtschreiber]] (City clerk in Mainz) is an annual German literature award.<ref name="ZDFmediathek-2023">{{cite web |title=Der Mainzer Stadtschreiber Literaturpreis |website=ZDFmediathek |date=17 January 2023 |url=https://www.zdf.de/uri/p12_sendebereich_22610212 |language=de |access-date=31 January 2023 |archive-date=23 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823055828/https://www.zdf.de/kultur/mainzer-stadtschreiber |url-status=live}}</ref>

Other cultural aspects of the city include:
*As city in the [[Greater Region]], Mainz participated in the program of the year of [[European Capital of Culture]] 2007.
*The [[Walk of Fame of Cabaret]] may be found nearby the Schillerplatz.
*The [[Music publisher (popular music)|music publisher]] [[Schott Music]] is located in Mainz.
*One of the oldest brass instrument manufacturers in the world, [[Gebr. Alexander]] is located in Mainz.
*Fans of Gospel music enjoy the yearly performances of [[Colours of Gospel]].
*Every one or two years a festival for improvised music between jazz, avant-garde and rock with a line-up of international renowned musicians takes place, the [[Akut-Festival]].