Jump to content
Main menu
Main menu
move to sidebar
hide
Navigation
Main page
Recent changes
Random page
Help about MediaWiki
Special pages
Niidae Wiki
Search
Search
Appearance
Create account
Log in
Personal tools
Create account
Log in
Pages for logged out editors
learn more
Contributions
Talk
Editing
Latin declension
(section)
Page
Discussion
English
Read
Edit
View history
Tools
Tools
move to sidebar
hide
Actions
Read
Edit
View history
General
What links here
Related changes
Page information
Appearance
move to sidebar
hide
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
=== Personal pronouns === The first and second persons are irregular, and both pronouns are indeclinable for gender; and the third person reflexive pronoun sē, suī always refers back to the subject, regardless of whether the subject is singular or plural. {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="3" | ! colspan="2" | First Person ! colspan="2" | Second Person ! colspan="2" | Third Person |- ! colspan="2" | {{wikt-lang|la|ego|ego}}, {{wikt-lang|la|nos|nōs}}<br />I, we ! colspan="2" | {{wikt-lang|la|tu|tū}}, {{wikt-lang|la|vos|vōs}}<br />you ! colspan="2" | {{wikt-lang|la|se|sē, suī}}<br />himself, herself, itself,<br>oneself,<br>themselves |- ! Singular ! Plural ! Singular ! Plural ! Singular ! Plural |- !Vocative | colspan="2" |— | rowspan="2" |tū | rowspan="3" |vōs | colspan="2" rowspan="2" |— |- ! Nominative | ego<br />egō || rowspan="2" | nōs |- ! Accusative | mē || tē || colspan="2" | sē<br />sēsē |- ! Genitive<br>complements | meī || nostrī || tuī || vestrī || colspan="2" | suī |- !Genitive [[partitive]] |— |nostrum |— |vestrum | colspan="2" |— |- ! Dative | mihi<br />mihī || rowspan="2" | nōbīs || tibi<br />tibī || rowspan="2" | vōbīs || colspan="2" | sibi<br />sibī |- ! Ablative | mē || tē || colspan="2" | sē<br />sēsē |} The genitive forms {{wikt-lang|la|meī}}, {{wikt-lang|la|tuī}}, {{wikt-lang|la|nostrī}}, {{wikt-lang|la|vestrī}}, {{wikt-lang|la|suī}} are used as complements in certain grammatical constructions, whereas {{wikt-lang|la|nostrum}}, {{wikt-lang|la|vestrum}} are used with a [[partitive]] meaning ('[one] of us', '[one] of you'). To express possession, the possessive pronouns (essentially adjectives) {{wikt-lang|la|meus}}, {{wikt-lang|la|tuus}}, {{wikt-lang|la|noster}}, {{wikt-lang|la|vester}} are used, declined in the first and second declensions to agree in number and case with the thing possessed, e.g. {{lang|la|pater meus}} 'my father', {{lang|la|māter mea}} 'my mother'. The vocative singular masculine of {{lang|la|meus}} is {{lang|la|mī}}: {{lang|la|mī Attice}} 'my dear Atticus'.<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Epistulae ad Atticum]]'' 6.1.20 etc.</ref> ==== Possessive pronouns' declensions ==== {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="3" | ! colspan="6" | {{wikt-lang|la|meus|meus, mea, meum}}<br /> my, mine |- ! colspan="3" | Singular ! colspan="3" | Plural |- ! Masculine ! Feminine ! Neuter ! Masculine ! Feminine ! Neuter |- ! Nominative | meus || rowspan="2" | mea || rowspan="3" | meum || rowspan="2" | meī || rowspan="2" | meae || rowspan="3" | mea |- ! Vocative | mī (& meus) |- ! Accusative | meum || meam || meōs || meās |- ! Genitive | meī || rowspan="2" | meae || meī || meōrum || meārum || meōrum |- ! Dative | rowspan="2" | meō || rowspan="2" | meō || rowspan="2" colspan="3" | meīs |- ! Ablative | meā |} {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="3" | ! colspan="6" | {{wikt-lang|la|tuus|tuus, tua, tuum}}<br /> your, yours (for singular possessor) |- ! colspan="3" | Singular ! colspan="3" | Plural |- ! Masculine ! Feminine ! Neuter ! Masculine ! Feminine ! Neuter |- ! Nominative |tuus ||tua || rowspan="2" | tuum ||tuī ||tuae || rowspan="2" | tua |- ! Accusative | tuum || tuam || tuōs || tuās |- ! Genitive | tuī || rowspan="2" | tuae || tuī || tuōrum || tuārum || tuōrum |- ! Dative | rowspan="2" | tuō || rowspan="2" | tuō || rowspan="2" colspan="3" | tuīs |- ! Ablative | tuā |} {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="3" | ! colspan="6" | {{wikt-lang|la|suus|suus, sua, suum}}<br /> his, her, its, theirs (reflexive) |- ! colspan="3" | Singular ! colspan="3" | Plural |- ! Masculine ! Feminine ! Neuter ! Masculine ! Feminine ! Neuter |- ! Nominative | rowspan="2" |suus || rowspan="2" |sua || rowspan="3" | suum || rowspan="2" |suī || rowspan="2" |suae || rowspan="3" | sua |- ! Vocative |- ! Accusative | suum || suam || suōs || suās |- ! Genitive | suī || rowspan="2" | suae || suī || suōrum || suārum || suōrum |- ! Dative | rowspan="2" | suō || rowspan="2" | suō || rowspan="2" colspan="3" | suīs |- ! Ablative | suā |} {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="3" | ! colspan="6" | {{wikt-lang|la|noster|noster, nostra, nostrum}}<br /> our, ours |- ! colspan="3" | Singular ! colspan="3" | Plural |- ! Masculine ! Feminine ! Neuter ! Masculine ! Feminine ! Neuter |- ! Nominative, Vocative |noster ||nostra || rowspan="2" | nostrum ||nostrī ||nostrae || rowspan="2" | nostra |- ! Accusative | nostrum || nostram || nostrōs || nostrās |- ! Genitive | nostrī || rowspan="2" | nostrae || nostrī || nostrōrum || nostrārum || nostrōrum |- ! Dative | rowspan="2" | nostrō || rowspan="2" | nostrō || rowspan="2" colspan="3" | nostrīs |- ! Ablative | nostrā |} The possessive adjective {{lang|la|vester}} has an archaic variant, {{lang|la|voster}}; similar to {{lang|la|noster}}. Vocative of {{lang|la|meus}} is usually {{lang|la|mī}}, and rarely {{lang|la|meus}} also, like the nominative. {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="3" | ! colspan="6" | {{wikt-lang|la|vester|vester, vestra, vestrum}}<br >{{wikt-lang|la|voster|voster, vostra, vostrum}}<br >your, yours (for plural possessor) |- ! colspan="3" | Singular ! colspan="3" | Plural |- ! Masculine ! Feminine ! Neuter ! Masculine ! Feminine ! Neuter |- ! Nominative |vester<br >voster ||vestra<br>vostra || rowspan="2" | vestrum<br>vostrum ||vestrī<br>vostrī ||vestrae<br>vostrae || rowspan="2" | vestra<br>vostra |- ! Accusative | vestrum<br>vostrum || vestram<br>vostram || vestrōs<br>vostrōs || vestrās<br>vostrās |- ! Genitive | vestrī<br>vostrī || rowspan="2" | vestrae<br>vostrae || vestrī<br>vostrī || vestrōrum<br>vostrōrum || vestrārum<br>vostrārum || vestrōrum<br>vostrōrum |- ! Dative | rowspan="2" | vestrō<br>vostrō || rowspan="2" | vestrō<br>vostrō || rowspan="2" colspan="3" | vestrīs<br>vostrīs |- ! Ablative | vestrā<br>vostrā |} Usually, to show the ablative of accompaniment, {{wikt-lang|la|cum}} would be added to the ablative form. However, with personal pronouns (first and second person), the reflexive and the interrogative, ''-cum'' is added onto the end of the ablative form. That is: {{wikt-lang|la|mēcum}} 'with me', {{wikt-lang|la|nōbīscum}} 'with us', {{wikt-lang|la|tēcum}} 'with you', {{wikt-lang|la|vōbīscum}}, {{wikt-lang|la|sēcum}} and {{wikt-lang|la|quōcum}} (sometimes {{wikt-lang|la|quīcum}}). Pronouns have also an emphatic form bi using the suffix ''-met'' ({{wikt-lang|la|egomet}}, {{wikt-lang|la|tūte}}/{{wikt-lang|la|tūtemet}}, {{wikt-lang|la|nosmet}}, {{wikt-lang|la|vosmet}}), used in all cases, except by the genitive plural forms. In accusative case, the forms ''mēmē'' and ''tētē'' exist as emphatic, but they are not widely used. {{wikt-lang|la|se|Sē, suī}} has a possessive adjective: {{wikt-lang|la|suus|suus, sua, suum}}, meaning 'his/her/its/their own': :{{lang|la|Patrem '''suum''' numquam vīderat.}} ([[Cicero]])<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Rabirio Postumo]]'' 4</ref> :"He had never seen '''his''' [own] father." When 'his' or 'her' refers to someone else, not the subject, the genitive pronoun {{lang|la|eius}} (as well as ''eōrum'' and ''eārum'') 'of him' is used instead of ''suus'': :{{lang|la|Fit obviam Clodiō ante fundum '''eius'''.}} ([[Cicero]])<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Milone]]'' 29</ref> :"He met Clodius in front of '''the latter's''' farm." Despite its resemblance to the possessive adjectives {{lang|la|meus, tuus}} and {{lang|la|suus}}, {{lang|la|eius}} does not decline in agreement with the noun it refers to, in the way that an adjective would. For instance, "his father" in the accusative is {{lang|la|patrem eius}} (literally, "father of him"), not {{lang|la|patrem}} ''*eium'', in contrast with the reflexive formation {{lang|la|patrem suum}} ("his [own] father"). When one sentence is embedded inside another with a different subject, ''sē'' and ''suus'' can refer to either subject: :{{lang|la|Patrēs conscrīptī ... lēgātōs in Bīthȳniam miserunt quī ab rēge peterent, nē inimīcissimum '''suum''' '''secum''' haberet '''sibi'''que dēderet.}} ([[Cornelius Nepos|Nepos]])<ref>[[Cornelius Nepos]], ''Hannibal'' 12.2</ref> :"The senators ... sent ambassadors to Bithynia, who were to ask the king not to keep '''their''' greatest enemy '''with him''' but hand him over '''to them'''." For the third-person pronoun {{wikt-lang|la|is}} 'he', see below.
Summary:
Please note that all contributions to Niidae Wiki may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here.
You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see
Encyclopedia:Copyrights
for details).
Do not submit copyrighted work without permission!
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)
Search
Search
Editing
Latin declension
(section)
Add topic