Editing Languages of Europe (section)

==Immigrant communities==
Recent (post–1945) [[immigration to Europe]] introduced substantial communities of speakers of non-European languages.<ref name="autogenerated1"/>

The largest such communities include [[Arabic language|Arabic]] speakers (see [[Arabs in Europe]])
and [[Turkish language|Turkish]] speakers (beyond [[European Turkey]] and the historical sphere of influence of the [[Ottoman Empire]], see [[Turks in Europe]]).<ref name="Cole 2011 loc=367">{{citation |last=Cole|first=Jeffrey|author-link=Jeffrey Cole|year=2011|title=Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-59884-302-6|page=367}}</ref>
[[Armenian diaspora|Armenians]], [[Berbers]], and [[Kurds]] have diaspora communities of {{circa}} 1–2,000,000 each. The various [[languages of Africa]] and [[languages of India]] form numerous smaller diaspora communities.

;List of the largest immigrant languages 
<!--Only NON-European languages [special case: transcontinental countries, mostly concerns Turkish and Azeri]. 
Distinguish the size of the ethnic diaspora from the number of actual native speakers according to national censuses. -->
<!-- atm, list communities with more than 200k native speakers in Europe]-->
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Name !! ISO 639 !! Classification !! Native !! Ethnic diaspora
|-
|[[Arabic language|Arabic]] ||ar ||Afro-Asiatic, Semitic || 5,000,000<ref>
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/FR France]: 4,000,000, 
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/DE Germany]: 500k (2015),
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/ES Spain]: 200k
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/GB UK]: 159k (2011 census)
</ref>|| Unknown
|-
|[[Turkish language|Turkish]] ||tr || Turkic, Oghuz || 3,000,000<ref>
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/DE Germany]: 1,510k,
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/FR France]: 444k,
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NL Netherlands]: 388k,
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/AT Austria]: 197k,
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/RU Russia]: 146k,
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/GB UK]: 99k,
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/CH Switzerland]: 44k,
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/SE Sweden]: 44.</ref> || 7,000,000<ref>See [[Turks in Europe]]: only counting recent (post-Ottoman era) immigration:
[[Turks in Germany|Germany]]: 4,000,000,
[[Turks in France|France]]: 1,000,000, 
[[Turks in the United Kingdom|UK]]: 500,000,
[[Turks in the Netherlands|Netherlands]]: 500,000,
[[Turks in Austria|Austria]]: 400,000,
[[Turks in Switzerland|Switzerland]], [[Turks in Sweden|Sweden]] and [[Turks in Russia|Russia]]: 200,000 each. 
</ref>
|-
|[[Armenian language|Armenian]] || hy || Indo-European || 1,000,000<ref name=Armenian_L1>830k [[Languages of Russia#Migrant languages|in Russia]] (2010 census), 100k in Ukraine ([https://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/hye/ SIL Ethnologue 2015]).
</ref> || 3,000,000<ref>2,000,000 [[Armenians in Russia]].
[[Armenians in France|France]] 750k,
[[Armenians in Ukraine|Ukraine]] 100k,
[[Armenians in Germany|Germany]] 100k,
[[Armenians in Greece|Greece]] 60-80k,
[[Armenians in Spain|Spain]] 40k,
[[Armenians in Belgium|Belgium]] 30k,
[[Armenians in the Czech Republic|Czechia]] 12k,
[[Armenians in Sweden|Sweden]] 12k,
[[Armenians in Bulgaria|Bulgaria]] 10-22k,
[[Armenians in Belarus|Belarus]] 8k, 
[[Armenians in Austria|Austria]] 6k,
[[Armenians in Poland|Poland]] 3-50k,
[[Armenians in Hungary|Hungary]] 3-30k,
[[Armenians in the Netherlands|Netherlands]] 3-9k,
[[Armenians in Switzerland|Switzerland]] 3-5k,
[[Armenians in Cyprus|Cyprus]] 3k,
[[Armenians in Moldova|Moldova]] 1-3k,
[[Armenians in the United Kingdom|UK]] 1-2k.
</ref>
|-
|[[Bengali language|Bengali]]|| bn || Indo-European, Indo-Aryan ||600,000<ref>Sylheti: 300k in the UK, Bengali: 221k in the UK.</ref> || 1,000,000<ref>see [[British Indian]], [[Bangladeshi diaspora]], [[Bengali diaspora]].</ref>
|-
|[[Kurdish language|Kurdish]] || ku || Indo-European, Iranian, Western || 600,000<ref>[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/DE Germany]: 541k</ref> || 1,000,000<ref>[[Kurdish population]]: mostly [[Kurds in Germany]], [[Kurds in France]], [[Kurds in Sweden]].</ref>
|-
|[[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]] || az || Turkic, Oghuz || 500,000<ref>515k [[Languages of Russia#Migrant languages|in Russia]] (2010 census)</ref> || 700,000<ref>[[Azerbaijani diaspora]]: Russia 600k, Ukraine 45k, not counting 400,000 in Azerbaijan's [[Quba-Khachmaz economic region|Quba-Khachmaz Region]] ([[Shabran District]], [[Khachmaz District]], [[Quba District (Azerbaijan)|Quba District]], [[Qusar District]], [[Siazan District|Siyazan District]]) technically in Europe (being north of the [[Caucasus]] watershed).</ref>
|-
|[[Kabyle language|Kabyle]] || kab || Afro-Asiatic, Berber || 500,000<ref>[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/FR France]: 500k</ref> || 1,000,000<ref>[[Kabyle people]] in France: 1,000,000.</ref>
|-
|[[Chinese language|Chinese]]||zh ||Sino-Tibetan, Sinitic || 300,000<ref>Germany 120k, Russia: 70k, UK 66k, Spain 20k.</ref> || 2,000,000<ref>[[Overseas Chinese]]: France 700,000, UK: 500,000, Russia: 300,000, Italy: 300,000, Germany: 200,000, Spain: 100,000.</ref> 
|-
|[[Urdu]]||ur||Indo-European, Indo-Aryan|| 300,000<ref>[[Languages of the United Kingdom|UK]]: 269k (2011 census).</ref> ||1,800,000<ref>[[Pakistani diaspora]], the majority [[Pakistanis in the UK]].</ref>
|-

|[[Uzbek language|Uzbek]] || uz|| Turkic, Karluk ||300,000<ref>Russia: 274k (2010 census)</ref> ||2,000,000<ref>see [[Uzbeks in Russia]].</ref>
|-
|[[Persian language|Persian]] || fa || Indo-European, Iranian, Western || 300,000<ref>UK: 76k, Sweden: 74k, Germany: 72k, France 40k.</ref> || 400,000<ref>[[Iranian diaspora]]: Germany: 100k, Sweden: 100k, UK: 50k, Russia: 50k, Netherlands: 35k, Denmark: 20k.</ref>
|-
|[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] || pa || Indo-European, Indo-Aryan ||300,000<ref>UK: 280k</ref> ||700,000<ref>see [[British Punjabis]]</ref>
|-
|[[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] || gu|| Indo-European, Indo-Aryan ||200,000<ref>UK: 213k</ref> ||600,000<ref>see [[Gujarati people#Diaspora|Gujarati diaspora]]</ref>
|-
|[[Tamil language|Tamil]] || ta || Dravidian || 200,000<ref>[[Languages of the United Kingdom|UK]]: 101k, [https://www.ethnologue.com/country/DE Germany]: 35k, [[Languages of Switzerland|Switzerland]]: 22k.</ref> || 500,000<ref>[[Tamil diaspora]]: UK 300k, [[Tamils in France|France]] 100k, Germany 50k, Switzerland 40k, u Netherlands, 20k, Norway 10k.</ref>
|-
|[[Somali language|Somali]] || so || Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic || 200,000<ref>
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/GB UK]: 86k, 
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/SE Sweden]: 53k,
[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/IT Italy]: 50k</ref> || 400,000<ref>[[Somali diaspora]]:
UK: 114k, Sweden: 64k, Norway: 42k, Netherlands: 39k, Germany: 34k, Denmark: 21k, Finland: 19k.</ref>
|}