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== Legacy == {{further|King of Jerusalem|Assizes of Jerusalem}} After the loss of all territory in the Levant in 1291, there were late attempts at further crusades, nominally proposing to recapture Jerusalem, but with the [[rise of the Ottoman Empire]] their character was more and more that of a desperate defensive war rarely reaching beyond [[Ottoman Wars in Europe|the Balkans]] ([[Alexandrian Crusade]], [[Smyrniote crusades]]). [[Henry IV of England]] made a [[Christian pilgrimage|pilgrimage]] to Jerusalem in 1393β4, and he later vowed to lead a crusade to recapture the city, but he did not undertake such a campaign before his death in 1413.<ref>{{cite book|last=Bevan|first=Bryan|title=Henry IV|publisher=Macmillan|location=London|year=1994|page=32|isbn=0-948695-35-8}}</ref> The Levant remained under Ottoman control from [[Damascus Eyalet|1517]] until the [[Partition of the Ottoman Empire]] in 1918. With the [[Fall of Ruad]] in 1302, the Kingdom of Jerusalem lost its final outpost on the Levantine coast, its possession closest to the Holy Land now being [[Kingdom of Cyprus|Cyprus]]. [[Henry II of Jerusalem]] retained the title of [[king of Jerusalem]] until his death in 1324, and the title continued to be claimed by his successors, the [[kings of Cyprus]]. The title of "king of Jerusalem" was also continuously used by the Angevin [[Kingdom of Naples|kings of Naples]], whose founder, Charles of Anjou, had in 1277 bought a claim to the throne from [[Mary of Antioch]]. Thereafter, this claim to the Kingdom of Jerusalem was treated as a tributary of the crown of Naples, which often changed hands by testament or conquest rather than direct inheritance. As Naples was a papal fief, the Popes often endorsed the title of King of Jerusalem as well as of Naples, and the history of these claims is that of the Neapolitan Kingdom. In 1441, control of the Kingdom of Naples was lost to [[Alfonso V of Aragon]] and the title thus was claimed by the [[kings of Spain]], and after the [[War of the Spanish Succession]] both by the [[House of Bourbon]] and the [[House of Habsburg]]. The title is still in {{lang|la|de facto}} use by the [[List of titles and honours of the Spanish Crown|Spanish Crown]], currently held by [[Felipe VI of Spain]]. It was also claimed by [[Otto von Habsburg]] as Habsburg pretender until 1958, and by the [[kings of Italy]] until 1946.
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