Editing Historiography (section)

====Thomas Carlyle====
[[Thomas Carlyle]] published his three-volume ''[[The French Revolution: A History]]'', in 1837. The first volume was accidentally burned by [[John Stuart Mill]]'s maid. Carlyle rewrote it from scratch.<ref>[[John D. Rosenberg]], ''Carlyle and the Burden of History''  (1985). {{ISBN|978-0674422988}}</ref> Carlyle's style of historical writing stressed the immediacy of action, often using the present tense. He emphasised the role of forces of the spirit in history and thought that chaotic events demanded what he called 'heroes' to take control over the competing forces erupting within society. He considered the dynamic forces of history as being the hopes and aspirations of people that took the form of ideas, and were often ossified into ideologies. Carlyle's ''The French Revolution'' was written in a highly unorthodox style, far removed from the neutral and detached tone of the tradition of Gibbon. Carlyle presented the history as dramatic events unfolding in the present as though he and the reader were participants on the streets of Paris at the famous events. Carlyle's invented style was epic poetry combined with philosophical treatise. It is rarely read or cited in the last century.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cobban |first1=Alfred |year=1963 |title=Carlyle's French Revolution |journal=History |volume=48 |issue=164 |pages=306–316 |doi=10.1111/j.1468-229x.1963.tb02321.x }}</ref><ref>Mark Cumming, ''A Disimprisoned Epic: Form and Vision in Carlyle's French Revolution'' (1988). {{JSTOR|j.ctv4v332n}}. {{Cite book |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv4v332n |title=A Disimprisoned Epic |jstor=j.ctv4v332n |access-date=24 April 2023 |archive-date=24 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230424204529/https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv4v332n |url-status=bot: unknown |last1=Cumming |first1=Mark |date=1988 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |isbn=978-0-8122-8117-0 }}.</ref>