Editing Hillsborough disaster (section)

===Findings===
On 12 September 2012, the Hillsborough Independent Panel concluded that no Liverpool fans were responsible in any way for the disaster,<ref>{{cite web |title=Report summary (Page 14 of 14): Summary of Chapter 12: Behind the headlines: the origins, promotion and reproduction of unsubstantiated allegations |url=http://hillsborough.independent.gov.uk/report/Section-1/summary/page-14/ |website=Hillsborough Independent Panel: Disclosed Material and Report |publisher=Crown Copyright 2012 |access-date=19 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150822211532/http://hillsborough.independent.gov.uk/report/Section-1/summary/page-14/|archive-date=22 August 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> and that its main cause was a "lack of police control". Crowd safety was "compromised at every level" and overcrowding issues had been recorded two years earlier. The panel concluded that "up to 41" of the 96 who had died up to that date, might have survived had the emergency services' reactions and co-ordination been better.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/sep/12/hillsborough-disaster-inquest-prosecutions-report |title=Hillsborough disaster: new inquest likely after damning report|work= The Guardian|date=13 September 2012|access-date=22 March 2013|first1=Owen|last1=Gibson|first2=David|last2=Conn}}</ref> The number is based on post-mortem examinations which found some victims may have had heart, lung or blood circulation function for some time after being removed from the crush. The report stated that placing fans who were "merely unconscious" on their backs rather than in the [[recovery position]], would have resulted in their deaths due to [[airway obstruction]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Tozer |first=James |title=41 could have survived stadium crush|work= [[The Advertiser (Adelaide)|The Advertiser]] |date=14 September 2012 |page= 36}}</ref> Their report was in 395 pages and delivered 153 key findings.

The findings concluded that 164 witness statements had been altered. Of those statements, 116 were amended to remove or change negative comments about South Yorkshire Police. South Yorkshire Police had performed blood alcohol tests on the victims, some of them children, and ran computer checks on the [[Police National Computer|national police database]] in an attempt to "impugn their reputation".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/sep/12/hillsborough-disaster-report-panel-released-live |title=Hillsborough disaster report published |work=[[The Guardian]] |location=London |date=12 September 2012 |first=Haroon |last=Siddique}}</ref> The report concluded that the then Conservative MP for [[Sheffield Hallam (UK Parliament constituency)|Sheffield Hallam]], [[Irvine Patnick]], passed inaccurate and untrue information from the police to the press.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/uk-news/hillsborough-files-report-raises-spectre-criminal-cases-and-shaming-2479397 |title=Hillsborough files: Report raises spectre of criminal cases and shaming |last=Rose |first=Gareth |date=13 September 2012 |work=The Scotsman}}</ref>{{sfn|HIP report|2012|pp=350–352}}

The panel noted that, despite being dismissed by the Taylor Report, the idea that alcohol contributed to the disaster proved remarkably durable. Documents disclosed confirm that repeated attempts were made to find supporting evidence for alcohol being a factor, and that available evidence was significantly misinterpreted. It noted "The weight placed on alcohol in the face of objective evidence of a pattern of consumption modest for a leisure event was inappropriate. It has since fuelled persistent and unsustainable assertions about drunken fan behaviour".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://hillsborough.independent.gov.uk/report/Section-1/summary/page-5/ |title=Report summary (Page 5 of 14): Summary of Chapter 3: Custom, practice, roles, responsibilities |website=Hillsborough Independent Panel: Disclosed Material and Report |publisher=Crown Copyright 2012 |access-date=15 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426172703/http://hillsborough.independent.gov.uk/report/Section-1/summary/page-5/ |archive-date=26 April 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

The evidence it released online included altered police reports.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/sep/12/hillsborough-disaster-report-panel-released-live|title=Hillsborough Disaster Report Published – Wednesday 12 September|access-date=8 March 2017|work=The Guardian|date=12 September 2012}}</ref>