Editing Heidelberg University (section)

===Finances===
The German state heavily subsidizes university study to keep higher education affordable regardless of socio-economic background.<ref>As a benchmark: The state must pay approximately €33,000 (=$48,500) per year for each medical student. See {{cite web |url=http://www.unifr.ch/ztd/ems/berichte/b2/testergebnisse.htm |title=Testergebnisse versus Schulnoten als Auswahlkriterien: Paternoster-Effekt, Filter-Effekt, Kosten-Nutzen-Effekte und Auswirkungen auf die Fairneß der Zulassung |access-date=16 May 2008 |work=University of Fribourg Homepage |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080420205701/http://www.unifr.ch/ztd/ems/berichte/b2/testergebnisse.htm |archive-date=20 April 2008 }}</ref>
From 2007 to 2012, Heidelberg has charged tuition fees of approximately €1,200 p.a. for undergraduate, consecutive Master's, and doctoral programs, for both EU and non-EU citizens, and for any subject area. However, from spring term 2012 onwards, tuition fees have been abolished.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mwk.baden-wuerttemberg.de/studiengebuehren/|title=''Studiengebühren'' (Tuition)|access-date=16 May 2008|work=Baden Württemberg Ministry for Education and Research website|archive-date=2 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902103201/http://www.mwk.baden-wuerttemberg.de/studiengebuehren/|url-status=live}}</ref> The usual housing costs for on-campus dormitories range from €2,200 to €3,000 p.a.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zuv.uni-heidelbereng.de/AAA/erasmus//info_erasmus_incoming_ankunft_wohn.htm/|title=Information for incoming Erasmus Students|access-date=16 May 2008|work=Heidelberg University Homepage}}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

In the fiscal year 2005, Heidelberg University had an overall [[operating budget]] of approximately €856&nbsp;M, consisting of approximately €413&nbsp;M government funds, approximately €311&nbsp;M basic budget, and approximately €132&nbsp;M from external grants. The university spent approximately €529&nbsp;M in payroll costs and approximately €326&nbsp;M in other expenditures.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www-ec.destatis.de/csp/shop/sfg/bpm.html.cms.cBroker.cls?cmspath=struktur,vollanzeige.csp&ID=1020857|archive-url=https://archive.today/20110812210956/https://www-ec.destatis.de/csp/shop/sfg/bpm.html.cms.cBroker.cls?cmspath=struktur,vollanzeige.csp&ID=1020857|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 August 2011|title=Desastis – Statistiken und Kennzahlen zur Hochschulfinanzierung|access-date=16 May 2008|work=Statistisches Bundesamt Homepage}}</ref> Additionally, the university receives another €150&nbsp;M in research grants, distributed over 5 years from 2012 onwards, due to the [[German Universities Excellence Initiative]]. In the fiscal year 2007, the university for the first time raised approximately €19&nbsp;M through tuition fees, exclusively to further improve the conditions of study. Only approximately €9.5&nbsp;M of these were spent at the end of the year and the rectorate had to urge the faculties to make use of their additional means.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.suedwest-aktiv.de/landundwelt/suedwestumschau/3462341/artikel.php|title=Fachbereiche horten Millionen|access-date=16 May 2008|format=php|work=Südwestumschau online|archive-date=14 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090214043736/http://www.suedwest-aktiv.de/landundwelt/suedwestumschau/3462341/artikel.php|url-status=live}}</ref>