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==Transliterations and transcriptions== {{Main|Romanization of Hebrew|Biblical Hebrew|Biblical Hebrew orthography|Yiddish|Yiddish orthography}} The following table lists transliterations and transcriptions of Hebrew letters used in [[Modern Hebrew]]. Clarifications: *For some letters, the [[Academy of the Hebrew Language]] offers a ''precise'' transliteration that differs from the ''regular'' standard it has set. When omitted, no such precise alternative exists and the regular standard applies. *The [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] [[phoneme|phonemic]] transcription is specified whenever it uses a different symbol from the one used for the '''regular''' standard Israeli transliteration. *The [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] [[phonetics|phonetic]] transcription is specified whenever it differs from IPA '''phonemic''' transcription. Note: [[Society of Biblical Literature|SBL's]] transliteration system, recommended in its ''Handbook of Style'',<ref name=SBL>{{cite web| url = http://www.viceregency.com/Translit.htm| title = Resources for New Testament Exegesis – Transliteration Standards of The SBL Handbook of Style}}</ref> differs slightly from the 2006 ''precise'' transliteration system of the Academy of the Hebrew Language; for ⟨{{script|Hebr|[[צ]]}}⟩ SBL uses ⟨ṣ⟩ (≠ AHL ⟨ẓ⟩), and for {{lang|he|rtl=yes|[[Begadkefat|בג״ד כפ״ת]]}} with no dagesh, SBL uses the same symbols as for with dagesh (i.e. ⟨b⟩, ⟨g⟩, ⟨d⟩, ⟨k⟩, ⟨f⟩, ⟨t⟩).<!-- THIS INFORMATION RELIES ON http://www.viceregency.com/Translit.htm, IF BETTER SOURCE AVAILABLE, PLEASE CORRECT! --> {|class=" wikitable collapsible collapsed" !colspan=15 style="text-transform: uppercase; font-size:xx-small;" |Click "show" to view extended table including examples. |- !<small>Hebrew letter</small> ||<small>example</small> !<small>Translation</small> | rowspan="45" style="background:white;"| !<small>Standard<br />Israeli<br />transliteration<br />– ''regular''</small><ref name=akademya>{{cite web|url=http://hebrew-academy.huji.ac.il/hahlatot/TheTranscription/Documents/taatiq2007.pdf |title=Transliteration guidelines |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703210016/http://hebrew-academy.huji.ac.il/hahlatot/TheTranscription/Documents/taatiq2007.pdf |archive-date=2014-07-03 |publisher=Academy of the Hebrew Language |date=November 2006 }}</ref>||<small>example</small> | rowspan="45" style="background:white;"| !<small>standard<br />Israeli<br />transliteration<br />– ''precise''</small><ref name=akademya/>||<small>example</small> | rowspan="45" style="background:white; border-bottom-color:white;"| !<small>[[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] [[phoneme|phonemic]]<br />transcription</small>||<small>example</small> | rowspan="45" style="background:white;"| !<small>[[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] [[phonetics|phonetic]]<br />transcription</small>||<small>example</small> |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|א}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">consonantal, in<br />initial word<br />positions</div></small>||{{lang|he|rtl=yes|אִם}} || <small>if</small> || <small>''none''</small>{{ref label|silent_A1_eg|A1|}} || im || || || || || {{IPAblink|ʔ}} || {{IPA|[ʔim]}} |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|א}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">consonantal, in<br />non-initial word<br />positions</div></small>|| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|שָׁאַל}} || <small>asked</small> || <big>'</big> || sha<big>'</big>ál || <big>ʾ</big> || sha<big>ʾ</big>ál || {{IPAslink|ʔ}} || {{IPA|/ʃaˈʔal/}} || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|א}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">silent</div></small> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|רִאשׁוֹן}} || <small>first</small> || <small>''none''</small>{{ref label|silent_A2_eg|A2|}} || rishón || || || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|בּ}}</span>|| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|בֵּן}} || <small>son</small> || b || ben || || || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ב}}</span>|| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|טוֹב}} || <small>good</small> || v || tov || || || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|גּ}}</span> |rowspan=2| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|גַּג}} |rowspan=2| <small>roof</small> |rowspan=2| g |rowspan=2| gag | g |rowspan=2| gaḡ |rowspan=2| |rowspan=2| |rowspan=2| |rowspan=2| |- |<span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ג}}</span>||ḡ |- |<span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ג׳}}</span>|| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|ג׳וּק}} || <small>roach</small> ||[[ǧ]]{{ref label|geresh_B1_eg|B1|}}<ref name=foreign_sounds>[http://hebrew-academy.huji.ac.il/hahlatot/TheTranscription/Documents/ATAR1.pdf Transliteration guidelines preceding 2006-update] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111116075851/http://hebrew-academy.huji.ac.il/hahlatot/TheTranscription/Documents/ATAR1.pdf |date=2011-11-16 }}, p. 3 Academy of the Hebrew Language</ref>||ǧuk || || || {{IPAslink|d͡ʒ}} || {{IPA|/d͡ʒuk/}} || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|דּ}}</span> |rowspan=2| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|דּוּד}} |rowspan=2| <small>boiler</small> |rowspan=2| d |rowspan=2| dud | d |rowspan=2| duḏ |rowspan=2| |rowspan=2| |rowspan=2| |rowspan=2| |- |<span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ד}}</span>||ḏ |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ה}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">consonantal</div></small> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|הֵד}} || <small>echo</small> || h || hed || || || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ה}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">silent</div></small> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|פֹּה}} || <small>here</small> || <small>''none''</small>{{ref label|silent_A3_eg|A3|}} || po || || || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ו}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">consonantal</div></small> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|וָו}} || <small>hook</small> || v || vav || w || waw || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|וּ}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|הוּא}} || <small>he</small> || u || hu || || || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|וֹ}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|לוֹ}} || <small>to him</small> || o || lo || || || || || {{IPAblink|o̞}} <small>or</small> {{IPAblink|ɔ̝}} || {{IPA|[lo̞, lɔ̝]}} |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ז}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|זֶה}} || <small>this</small> || z || ze || || || || || || |- |<span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ז׳}}</span>|| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|זָ׳רְגוֹן}} || <small>jargon</small> ||[[ž]]{{ref label|geresh_B2_eg|B2|}}<ref name=foreign_sounds/>||žargón|| || || {{IPAslink|ʒ}} || {{IPA|/ʒarˈɡon/}} || || |- |rowspan=2| <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ח}}</span> |rowspan=2| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|חַם}} |rowspan=2| <small>hot</small> |rowspan=2| ẖ {{ref label|ch_C1_eg|C1|}} |rowspan=2| ẖam |rowspan=2| ḥ |rowspan=2| ḥam || {{IPAslink|x}} <small>or</small> {{IPAslink|χ}} || {{IPA|/xam/}} || {{IPAblink|χ}} || {{IPA|[χam]}} |- |valign=bottom|<small>[[dialect]]ical</small><br />{{IPAblink|ħ}} |valign=bottom| {{IPA|[ħam]}} | | |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ט}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|קָט}} || <small>tiny</small> || t || kat || ṭ || kaṭ || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|י}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">consonantal</div></small> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|יָם}} || <small>sea</small> || y || yam || || || {{IPAslink|j}} || {{IPA|/jam/}} || || |- | <span style="font-size:200%">{{script|Hebr|י}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">part of hirik male<br />(/i/ vowel)</div></small> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|בִּי}} || <small>in me</small> || i || bi || || || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|י}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">part of tsere male<br />(/e/ vowel or<br />/ei/ diphthong)</div></small> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|מֵידָע}} || <small>information</small> || e || medá || é || médá || {{IPAslink|e̞|e}} <small>or</small> {{IPA|/ej/}} || {{IPA|/meˈda/}} <small>or</small> {{IPA|/mejˈda/}} || {{IPAblink|e̞}} <small>or</small> {{IPA|/e̞j/}} || {{IPA|[me̞ˈda]}} <small>or</small> {{IPA|[me̞jˈda]}} |- | <span style="font-size:180%; line-height:1em;">{{script|Hebr|כּ, ךּ}}</span><span style="unicode-bidi:bidi-override"><ref name="kaf_sofit"/></span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|כֹּה}} || <small>so</small> || k || ko || || || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%;">{{script|Hebr|כ, ך}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|סְכָךְ}} || <small>branch-roofing</small> || kh {{ref label|ch_C2_eg|C2|}} || skhakh || ḵ || sḵaḵ || {{IPAslink|x}} <small>or</small> {{IPAslink|χ}} || {{IPA|/sxax/}} || {{IPAblink|χ}} || {{IPA|[sχaχ]}} |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ל}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|לִי}} || <small>to me</small> || l || li || || || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|מ, ם}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|מוּם}} || <small>defect</small> || m || mum || || || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|נ, ן}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|נִין}} || <small>great-grandson</small> || n || nin || || || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ס}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|סוֹף}} || <small>end</small> || s || sof || || || || || || |- |rowspan=2| <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ע}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">in initial or final<br />word positions</div></small> |rowspan=2| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|עַדְלֹאיָדַע}} |rowspan=2| <small>[[Purim]]-parade</small> |rowspan=2| <small>''none''</small>{{ref label|silent_A4_eg|A4|}} |rowspan=2| adloyáda |rowspan=2| <big>ʿ</big> |rowspan=2| <big>ʿ</big>adloyáda<big>ʿ</big> | || ||<small>only in initial<br />word position<br /></small>{{IPAblink|ʔ}} || {{IPA|[ˌʔadlo̞ˈjada]}} |- |<small>[[dialect]]ical</small><br />{{IPAslink|ʕ}} |valign=bottom| {{IPA|/ˌʕadloˈjadaʕ/}} || || |- |rowspan=2| <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ע}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">in medial<br />word positions</div></small> |rowspan=2| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|מוֹעִיל}} |rowspan=2| <small>useful</small> |rowspan=2| <big>'</big> |rowspan=2| mo<big>'</big>íl |rowspan=2| <big>ʿ</big> |rowspan=2| mo<big>ʿ</big>íl |{{IPAslink|ʔ}} || {{IPA|/moˈʔil/}} || || |- |<small>[[dialect]]ical</small><br />{{IPAslink|ʕ}} || {{IPA|/moˈʕil/}} || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%; line-height:1em;">{{script|Hebr|פּ}}</span><span style="unicode-bidi:bidi-override">{{ref label|final_pe_D_eg|D|}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|טִיפּ}} || <small>tip</small> || p || tip || || || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|פ, ף}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|פִסְפֵס}} || <small>missed</small> || f || fisfés || || || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|צ, ץ}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|צִיץ}} || <small>bud</small> || ts || tsits || ẓ || ẓiẓ || {{IPAslink|t͡s}} || {{IPA|/t͡sit͡s/}} || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|צ׳, ץ׳}}</span> ||{{lang|he|rtl=yes|ריצ׳רץ׳}} || <small>zip</small> ||[[č]]{{ref label|geresh_B3_eg|B3|}}<ref name=foreign_sounds/>||ríčrač|| || || {{IPAslink|t͡ʃ}} || {{IPA|/ˈrit͡ʃrat͡ʃ/}} || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ק}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|קוֹל}} || <small>sound</small> || k || kol || q || qol || || || || |- |rowspan=2| <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ר}}</span> ||rowspan=2| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|עִיר}} ||rowspan=2| <small>city</small> ||rowspan=2| r ||rowspan=2| ir ||rowspan=2| ||rowspan=2| ||rowspan=2| ||rowspan=2| || {{IPAblink|ʀ}} <small>or</small> {{IPAblink|ʁ}} || {{IPA|[iʀ]}} <small>or</small> {{IPA|[iʁ]}} |- | <small>[[dialect]]ical</small><br />{{IPAblink|r}} <small>or</small> {{IPAblink|ɾ}} ||valign=bottom| {{IPA|[ir]}} <small>or</small> {{IPA|[iɾ]}} |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|שׁ}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|שָׁם}} || <small>there</small> || sh || sham || š || šam || {{IPAslink|ʃ}} || {{IPA|/ʃam/}} || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|שׂ}}</span> || {{lang|he|rtl=yes|שָׂם}} || <small>put</small> || s || sam || ś || śam || || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|תּ}}</span> |rowspan=2| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|תּוּת}} |rowspan=2| <small>strawberry</small> |rowspan=2| t |rowspan=2| tut | t |rowspan=2| tuṯ |rowspan=2| |rowspan=2| |rowspan=2| |rowspan=2| |- | valign=bottom| <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ת}}</span> | valign=bottom| ṯ |} {|class="wikitable collapsible" |- !<small>Hebrew letter</small> | rowspan="45" style="background:white;"| !<small>Standard<br />Israeli<br />transliteration<br />– ''regular''</small><ref name=akademya/> | rowspan="45" style="background:white;"| ! <small>standard<br />Israeli<br />transliteration<br />– ''precise''</small><ref name=akademya/> | rowspan="45" style="background:white; border-bottom-color:white;"| !<small>[[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] [[phoneme|phonemic]]<br />transcription</small> | rowspan="45" style="background:white;"| !<small>[[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] [[phonetics|phonetic]]<br />transcription</small> |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|א}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">consonantal, in<br />initial word<br />positions</div></small>|| <small>''none''</small>{{ref label|silent_A1|A1|}} || || || {{IPAblink|ʔ}} |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|א}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">consonantal, in<br />non-initial word<br />positions</div></small>|| <big>'</big> || <big>ʾ</big> || {{IPAslink|ʔ}} || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|א}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">silent</div></small> || <small>''none''</small>{{ref label|silent_A2|A2|}} || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|בּ}}</span>|| b || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ב}}</span>|| v || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|גּ}}</span> |rowspan=2| g | g |rowspan=2| |rowspan=2| |- |<span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ג}}</span>||ḡ |- |<span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ג׳}}</span>||[[ǧ]]{{ref label|geresh_B1|B1|}}<ref name=foreign_sounds/>|| || {{IPAslink|d͡ʒ}} || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|דּ}}</span> |rowspan=2| d | d |rowspan=2| |rowspan=2| |- |<span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ד}}</span>||ḏ |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ה}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">consonantal</div></small> || h || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ה}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">silent</div></small> || <small>''none''</small>{{ref label|silent_A3|A3|}} || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ו}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">consonantal</div></small> || v || w || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|וּ}}</span> || u || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|וֹ}}</span> || o || || || {{IPAblink|o̞}} <small>or</small> {{IPAblink|ɔ̝}} |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ז}}</span> || z || || || |- |<span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ז׳}}</span>||[[ž]]{{ref label|geresh_B2|B2|}}<ref name=foreign_sounds/>|| || {{IPAslink|ʒ}} || |- |rowspan=2| <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ח}}</span> |rowspan=2| ẖ{{ref label|ch_C1|C1|}} |rowspan=2| ḥ | {{IPAslink|x|x}} <small>or</small> {{IPAslink|χ}} || {{IPAblink|χ}} |- |valign=bottom|<small>[[dialect]]ical</small><br />{{IPAblink|ħ}} || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ט}}</span> || t || ṭ || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|י}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">consonantal</div></small> || y || || {{IPAslink|j}} || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|י}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">part of hirik male<br />(/i/ vowel)</div></small> || i || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|י}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">part of tsere male<br />(/e/ vowel or<br />/ei/ diphthong)</div></small> || e || é || {{IPAslink|e̞|e}} <small>or</small> {{IPA|/ej/}} || {{IPAblink|e̞}} <small>or</small> {{IPA|[e̞j]/}} |- | <span style="font-size:180%; line-height:1em;">{{script|Hebr|כּ, ךּ}}</span><span style="unicode-bidi:bidi-override"><ref name="kaf_sofit"/></span> || k || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%;">{{script|Hebr|כ, ך}}</span> || kh{{ref label|ch_C2|C2|}} || ḵ || {{IPAslink|x}} <small>or</small> {{IPAslink|χ}} || {{IPAblink|χ}} |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ל}}</span> || l || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|מ, ם}}</span> || m || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|נ, ן}}</span> || n || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ס}}</span> || s || || || |- |rowspan=2| <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ע}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">in initial or final<br />word positions</div></small> |rowspan=2| <small>''none''</small>{{ref label|silent_A4|A4|}} |rowspan=2| <big>ʿ</big> || || <small>only in initial<br />word position<br /></small>{{IPAblink|ʔ}} |- |<small>[[dialect]]ical</small><br />{{IPAslink|ʕ}} || |- |rowspan=2| <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ע}}</span><small><div style="line-height:1em;">in medial<br />word positions</div></small> |rowspan=2| <big>'</big> |rowspan=2| <big>ʿ</big> |{{IPAslink|ʔ}} || |- |<small>[[dialect]]ical</small><br />{{IPAslink|ʕ}} || |- | <span style="font-size:180%; line-height:1em;">{{script|Hebr|פּ}}</span><span style="unicode-bidi:bidi-override">{{ref label|final_pe_D|D|}}</span> || p || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|פ, ף}}</span> || f || || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|צ, ץ}}</span> || ts || ẓ || {{IPAslink|t͡s}} || |- |<span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|צ׳, ץ׳}}</span>||[[č]]{{ref label|geresh_B3|B3|}}<ref name=foreign_sounds/>|| || {{IPAslink|t͡ʃ}} || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ק}}</span> || k || q || || |- |rowspan=2| <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ר}}</span> ||rowspan=2| r ||rowspan=2| ||rowspan=2| || {{IPAblink|ʀ}} <small>or</small> {{IPAblink|ʁ}} |- |<small>[[dialect]]ical</small><br />{{IPAblink|r}} <small>or</small> {{IPAblink|ɾ}} |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|שׁ}}</span> || sh || š || {{IPAslink|ʃ}} || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|שׂ}}</span> || s || ś || || |- | <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|תּ}}</span> |rowspan=2| t | t |rowspan=2| |rowspan=2| |- | valign=bottom| <span style="font-size:180%">{{script|Hebr|ת}}</span> | valign=bottom| ṯ |} ;Notes: {{note label|silent_A1_eg|}}{{note label|silent_A2_eg|}}{{note label|silent_A3_eg|}}{{note label|silent_A4_eg|}}<sup>'''A'''1{{note|silent_A1}}2{{note|silent_A2}}3{{note|silent_A3}}4{{note|silent_A4}}</sup>In transliterations of modern Israeli Hebrew, initial and final {{script|Hebr|ע}} (in regular transliteration), silent or initial {{script|Hebr|א}}, and silent {{script|Hebr|ה}} are ''not'' transliterated. To the eye of readers orientating themselves on Latin (or similar) alphabets, these letters might seem to be transliterated as vowel letters; however, these are in fact transliterations of the vowel diacritics{{dash}}niqqud (or are representations of the spoken vowels). E.g., in {{lang|he|rtl=yes|אִם}} ("if", {{IPA|[ʔim]}}), {{lang|he|rtl=yes|אֵם}} ("mother", {{IPA|[ʔe̞m]}}) and {{lang|he|rtl=yes|אֹם}} ("[[nut (hardware)|nut]]", {{IPA|[ʔo̞m]}}), the letter {{script|Hebr|א}} always represents the same consonant: {{IPAblink|ʔ}} ([[glottal stop]]), whereas the vowels /i/, /e/ and /o/ respectively represent the spoken vowel, whether it is orthographically denoted by diacritics or not. Since the Academy of the Hebrew Language ascertains that {{script|Hebr|א}} in initial position is not transliterated, the symbol for the glottal stop <big>ʾ</big> is omitted from the transliteration, and only the subsequent vowels are transliterated (whether or not their corresponding vowel diacritics appeared in the text being transliterated), resulting in "im", "em" and "om", respectively. {{note label|geresh_B1_eg|}}{{note label|geresh_B2_eg|}}{{note label|geresh_B3_eg|}}<sup>'''B'''1{{note|geresh_B1}}2{{note|geresh_B2}}3{{note|geresh_B3}}</sup>The [[diacritic]] [[geresh]] ⟨{{script|Hebr|׳}}⟩ is used with some other letters as well ({{script|Hebr|ד׳}}, {{script|Hebr|ח׳}}, {{script|Hebr|ט׳}}, {{script|Hebr|ע׳}}, {{script|Hebr|ר׳}}, {{script|Hebr|ת׳}}), but only to transliterate ''from'' other languages ''to'' Hebrew{{dash}}never to spell Hebrew words; therefore they were not included in this table (correctly translating a Hebrew text with these letters would require using the spelling in the language from which the transliteration to Hebrew was originally made). The non-standard ⟨{{script|Hebr|ו׳}}⟩ and ⟨{{script|Hebr|וו}}⟩ {{ref label|Double_Vav_and_Vav_with_Geresh_1|e1|}} are sometimes used to represent {{IPAslink|w}}, which like {{IPAslink|d͡ʒ}}, {{IPAslink|ʒ}} and {{IPAslink|t͡ʃ}} appears in Hebrew slang and loanwords. {{note label|ch_C1_eg|}}{{note label|ch_C2_eg|}}<sup>'''C'''1{{note|ch_C1}}2{{note|ch_C2}}</sup>The sound {{IPAslink|χ}} (as ⟨ch⟩ in [[loch]]) is often transcribed ⟨ch⟩, inconsistently with the guidelines specified by the Academy of the Hebrew Language: {{lang|he|rtl=yes|חם}} {{IPA|/χam/}} → "cham"; {{lang|he|rtl=yes|סכך}} {{IPA|/sχaχ/}} → "schach". {{note label|final_pe_D_eg|}}<sup>'''D'''{{note|final_pe_D}}</sup>Although the Bible does include a single occurrence of a final pe with a dagesh ([[Book of Proverbs]] 30, 6: {{lang|he|rtl=yes|אַל-תּוֹסְףְּ עַל-דְּבָרָיו: פֶּן-יוֹכִיחַ בְּךָ וְנִכְזָבְתָּ.}}), in modern Hebrew {{IPAslink|p}} is always represented by [[Pe (Semitic letter)|pe]] in its regular, not final, form {{script|Hebr|פ}}, even when in word-final position, which occurs with loanwords (e.g. {{lang|he|rtl=yes|שׁוֹפּ}} {{IPA|/ʃop/}} "shop"), foreign names (e.g. {{lang|he|rtl=yes|פִילִיפּ}} {{IPA|/ˈfilip/}} "Philip") and some slang (e.g. {{lang|he|rtl=yes|חָרַפּ}} {{IPA|/χaˈrap/}} "slept deeply").
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