Editing Haarlem (section)

==Culture and entertainment==

===Museums===
[[File:Spaarne met Teylers Museum, de Waag en de Bavo.jpg|thumb|[[Teylers Museum]] in Haarlem]]
There are several museums in Haarlem. The [[Teylers Museum]] lies on the Spaarne river, and it is the oldest museum of the Netherlands. Its main subjects are art, science and, natural history,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.teylersmuseum.eu/index.php?item=64&flact=1&lang=en|title=Collections|publisher=Teylers Museum|access-date=2010-05-05}}</ref> and it owns a number of works by [[Michelangelo]] and [[Rembrandt]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gibson|first=Eric|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/michelangelo-mind-of-the-master-review-watching-a-genius-at-work-11573905601|title='Michelangelo: Mind of the Master' Review: Watching a Genius at Work|date=2019-11-16|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=2020-02-21|language=en-US|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> Another museum is the [[Frans Hals Museum]] of fine arts, with its main location housing Dutch master paintings, and its exhibition halls on the {{lang|nl|[[Grote Markt (Haarlem)|Grote Markt]]|italic=no}} housing a gallery for modern art called [[Museum De Hallen, Haarlem|De Hallen]]. Also on the Grote Markt, in the cellar of the [[Vleeshal]] is the [[Archeologisch Museum Haarlem]], while across the square on Saturdays, the Hoofdwacht building is open with exhibitions on Haarlem history.

Other museums include the [[Barrel Organ Museum Haarlem]], [[Museum van de Geest]] (a museum of [[psychiatry]]), the [[Ten Boom Museum]] (a hiding place for Jews in World War II<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.corrietenboom.com/information.htm|title=Information|publisher=Ten Boom Museum|access-date=2010-05-05|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100428113315/http://www.corrietenboom.com/information.htm|archive-date=28 April 2010}}</ref>) and the [[Historisch Museum Haarlem]], across from the Frans Hals Museum.

===Theater, film and cultural centres===
[[File:Haarlem Stadsschouwburg.jpg|thumb|left|Stadsschouwburg, theater on the Wilsonplein]]
[[File:Haarlem Patronaat.jpg|thumb|right|[[Patronaat]] pop music hall]]
The city contains several theatres, a cinema and other cultural attractions. The Philharmonie is a concert hall in the centre of the city, near the Grote Markt. Next to it is the [[Toneelschuur]] theatre, which also has some movie theatres (often referred to as the Filmschuur). The Stadsschouwburg on the Wilsonsplein reopened in 2008 after a major renovation and can seat 698.<ref>[http://www.theater-haarlem.nl/informatie/16/Stadsschouwburg (Dutch info)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160318232155/https://www.theater-haarlem.nl/informatie/16/stadsschouwburg |date=18 March 2016 }} on Stadschouwburg website</ref>

The Cinema Palace was established in 1915 and was one of the older cinemas in the Netherlands. It closed definitively on 15 January 2011.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120909222532/http://www.haarlemsdagblad.nl/nieuws/cultuur/regionalecultuur/article5906951.ece/Afscheid-van-Cinema-Palace-met-%E2%80%98on-Haarlems%E2%80%99-bruisend-feest-] Closure of Cinema Palace (Dutch)</ref> The Brinkmann cinema, located on the Grote Markt, closed on 1 February 2012.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vandaag.nl/haarlem/nieuws/article13748313.ece/Afscheid-nemen-van-Brinkmann-bioscoop-in-Haarlem |title=Vandaag.nl - Afscheid nemen van Brinkmann-bioscoop in Haarlem |access-date=2012-02-16 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517105740/http://www.vandaag.nl/haarlem/nieuws/article13748313.ece/Afscheid-nemen-van-Brinkmann-bioscoop-in-Haarlem |archive-date=17 May 2013}} Closure of Brinkmann Cinema (Dutch)</ref> The only cinema in Haarlem is [[Pathé]] Haarlem, located in the newly built Raaks shopping mall. This cinema opened on 5 July 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stad-haarlem.nl/nieuws-item/path%C3%A9-haarlem-geopend-check-het-filmpje |title=Pathé Haarlem geopend, check het filmpje! &#124; Stad-Haarlem |access-date=2012-02-16 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105436/http://www.stad-haarlem.nl/nieuws-item/path%C3%A9-haarlem-geopend-check-het-filmpje |archive-date=24 September 2015}} Opening Pathé Haarlem</ref>

The [[Patronaat]] is a pop music hall, one of the larger of its kind in the Netherlands. It is a popular night spot in the city.

===Festivals===
Every year in April, the [[bloemencorso]] (flower parade) takes place. Floats decorated with flowers drive from [[Noordwijk]] to Haarlem, where they are exhibited for one day. In the same month there is also a [[funfair]] organised on the Grote Markt and the Zaanenlaan in Haarlem-Noord. Other festivals are held on the Grote Markt as well, in particular the annual Haarlem [[Jazz]] & More (formerly known as Haarlem Jazzstad), a music festival; Haarlem Culinair, a culinary event; and the biannual Haarlemse Stripdagen (Haarlem comic days).

Bevrijdingspop is a music festival to celebrate the Dutch liberation from the [[Nazis]] after World War II. It is held every year on 5 May, the day that the Netherlands were liberated in 1945, at the [[Haarlemmerhout]]. At the same location, the Haarlemmerhoutfestival is held every year, which is a music and theatre festival.

===Sports===
[[File:Haarlemse Honkbalweek 2006.jpg|thumb|[[Haarlem Baseball Week]] 2006 at the [[Pim Mulier]] Stadium]]
Haarlem has many different sport clubs practicing a great diversity of sports.

There are several amateur [[association football]] clubs. Haarlem also had a professional football club, [[HFC Haarlem]], which went bankrupt in January 2010. Another Haarlem based football club still in existence is [[Koninklijke HFC]] (Royal Haarlemsche Football Club). It was founded by [[Pim Mulier]] in 1879 as the first football club in the Netherlands, making it the oldest club in Dutch history.

Tennis club HLTC Haarlem, founded in 1884, and judo association Kenamju, founded in 1948, are also the oldest Dutch clubs in their sports. [[RFC Haarlem]] is a rugby club.

Haarlem is known for hosting several international sports tournaments as well: the [[Haarlemse Honkbalweek]] (Haarlem Baseball Week), a [[baseball]] event held every two years at the Pim Mulier Stadium (named after [[Pim Mulier]]), and the [[Haarlem Basketball Week|Haarlem Basketball Classic]], a [[basketball]] event. Haarlem also hosted the [[2014 Women's Softball World Championship]].

The first international [[bandy]] match was played between Haarlem and [[Fen skating#Bandy|Bury Fen Bandy Club]] in 1891.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&sl=nl&u=http://bandyhaarlem.nl/geschiedenis/|title=Google Translate|website=translate.google.co.uk|date=7 September 2018 }}</ref> Some [[rink bandy]] exists today.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bandyhaarlem.nl/|title=Haarlemse Bandy Club - Bandy voor jong en oud sinds 1895|website=www.bandyhaarlem.nl}}</ref>

===Cultural references===
[[File:View of Haarlem with Bleaching Grounds c1665 Ruisdael.jpg|thumb|''[[View of Haarlem with Bleaching Fields]]'' by [[Jacob van Ruisdael]] ({{circa}}&nbsp;1665)|alt=painting of a town in the distance and fields under a big sky|right]]
* The story of a boy who saved the city with his finger in a leaking dike is known as the "[[Hans Brinker, or The Silver Skates#Popular culture: the legend of the boy and the dike|Hero of Haarlem]]."
* Folk singer [[Al Stewart]] mentions Haarlem in his song "Amsterdam".
* The train station of Haarlem was part of a set during the movie ''[[Ocean's Twelve]]'', showing Amsterdam Central Station.
* The book ''[[Confessions of an Ugly Stepsister]]'' by [[Gregory Maguire]] is set in Haarlem.
* The book ''[[The Black Tulip]]'' by [[Alexandre Dumas, père]] has several scenes in Haarlem, most notably the ending, and it is the [[Horticultural Society of Haarlem]] that offers a reward for a [[black tulip]].
* In 1628 a [[chemist]] in Haarlem goes broke, and decides to join the [[Dutch East India Company|VOC]] to sail to the East. His name, Jeronimus Cornelisz, will always be connected with the [[Batavia (1628 ship)|Batavia]] ship.
* Panoramic views of the Haarlem skyline became so popular in the 17th century that a specific term was used to describe them: a [[Haerlempje]]. The most famous Haerlempjes were painted by [[Jacob van Ruisdael]], for instance ''[[View of Haarlem with Bleaching Fields]]''.{{sfn|Slive|Hoetink|1981|p=22}}
* Famous Dutch radio DJ [[Giel Beelen]] was born in Haarlem. He started his career at the local radiostation [[Haarlem 105]]. He currently still lives in Haarlem.
* [[Corrie ten Boom]], born in Amsterdam, lived in Haarlem for a long time. She, along with her family, was responsible for shelter many Jewish people in their house during World War II. Her history is featured in the book ''[[The Hiding Place (biography)|The Hiding Place]]''. In 1967 Corrie was honored as [[Righteous Among the Nations|Righteous Among The Nations]].


====Buildings and locations====
[[File:Haarlem on the spaarne.JPG|thumb|River [[Spaarne]] through Haarlem]]
[[File:(Haarlem) The Street of Donkere Spaarne, Netherlands.jpg|thumb|The Street of Donkere Spaarne near Spaarne River]]
[[File:011 Haarlem, Netherlands - Kleine Houtstraat.jpg|thumb|Kleine Houtstraat street in summer]]
Since the 18th century, Haarlem has historically had more museums per inhabitant than any other city of the Netherlands. It also has the highest number of defunct museums per inhabitant.
[[File:Verfrollerbrug in Haarlem 001.jpg|thumb|Lange Brug (''Long Bridge''), in popular speech also known as "de verfroller" ("''the paint roller''").]]
* The city is notable for its many {{lang|nl|[[hofje]]s}}: almshouses built around courtyards. These were mainly privately funded houses for elderly single women. Nowadays there are 19 [[hofjes in Haarlem]]; many open to the public on weekdays. Many {{lang|nl|hofjes}} are still owned by the original foundations, and are still mainly used for single elderly women.
* The {{lang|nl|[[Grote Markt (Haarlem)|Grote Markt]]|italic=no}} (central market square), with the:
** [[City Hall (Haarlem)|City Hall]]
** [[Vleeshal]] or meat market (home to two museums)
** [[Hoofdwacht, Haarlem|Hoofdwacht]]
** Grote or [[Sint-Bavokerk]]
* [[Stadsbibliotheek Haarlem]], the Haarlem Public Library, an historic landmark
* The [[Janskerk (Haarlem)|Janskerk]] has an exhibition area in the former choir
* Castle ruin [[Huis ter Kleef]]
* The [[Teylers Museum]] is the oldest museum of the Netherlands
* [[Frans Hals Museum]] of Art
* [[Haarlem Historisch Museum]]
* The [[Ten Boom Museum]]
* [[Museum van de Geest]] Museum of Psychiatry
* Windmill [[De Adriaan, Haarlem|De Adriaan]]
* The [[Amsterdamse Poort (Haarlem)|Amsterdamse Poort]] city gate
* The art nouveau [[Station Haarlem|railway station of Haarlem]]
* Theater [[Toneelschuur|De Toneelschuur]]
* [[Villa Welgelegen]] (parts are open to the public)
* [[Haarlemmerhout]] park
* The Bosch and Vaart neighbourhood
* The monumental buildings of the [[Stedelijk Gymnasium Haarlem]] Latin School of Haarlem, also host of the Haarlem Model United Nations